Kowace shekara, ƙididdigar duniya tana tabbatar da cewa yawan masu haƙuri da ciwon sukari suna ƙaruwa koyaushe. Rasha tana matsayi na hudu a duniya a yawan mutanen da ke fama da wannan cuta (mutane miliyan 8.5). Kuma daga cikinsu, ana ƙara samun yara. A irin wannan yanayi, jihar ba zata iya zama mai aiki ba kuma tana sanya fa'idodi na musamman ga masu ciwon sukari, wadanda suka bambanta dangane da nau'in cutar da kasancewar nakasassu na yara, amma gabaɗaya suna daidaita haƙƙoƙin daidai wa daida ga duk mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin shekarun masu rinjaye.
Hakkokin yara na nau'in 1 masu ciwon sukari
Idan wani matashi mai haƙuri yana da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, to lallai ne likita ya wajabta shi magunguna na musamman don masu ciwon sukari. Na farko (insulin-dogara) nau'in cutar ana nuna shi ta ƙarancin samar da insulin a cikin jiki, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka mai yawa a cikin glucose jini. A wannan yanayin, an sanya mai haƙuri raunin da ba tare da adadi ba, wanda a tsawon lokaci za a iya soke shi ko a sake shigar da shi cikin takamaiman rukuni daidai da tsananin matsalolin. Tunda nau'in 1 na cutar ana ɗauka mafi haɗari, jihar, a ɓangare, yana ba da iyakar fa'ida ga masu ciwon sukari. Don haka, a kan ka’idar Standard, wanda aka yarda da odar Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Satumba 11, 2007, ana ba wa yaran da ke dogaro da insulin kyauta:
- Abubuwan amfani kamar su insulin shirye-shirye, sirinji da allura.
- Gwajin gwaji a farashin guda 730 a shekara.
A wasu biranen a matakin yanki, ana samar da ƙarin matakai don samar da taimakon zamantakewa ga yara masu ciwon sukari. Daga cikinsu akwai:
- Biyan mai glucose na kyauta.
- Asibiti tare da binciken likita da ya dace idan akwai gaggawa.
- Yawon shakatawa na shekara-shekara zuwa Sanatorium tare da iyaye.
- Kulawar haƙuri da ma'aikacin zamantakewa ke bayarwa (a cikin mawuyacin yanayi).
Mahimmanci! Idan yaro da ke da insulin-da ke fama da cutar siga ya kamu da rikice-rikice, to, an ba shi damar samun magunguna masu tsada waɗanda ba a haɗa su da su a cikin jerin magunguna na kyauta ba. Irin waɗannan kuɗaɗen ana iya ba da takardar sayan magani kawai.
Hakkokin yara na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2
Na biyu (wanda ba insulin-dogara) nau'in ciwon sukari ba ya zama ruwan dare a cikin yara fiye da insulin-dogara, kuma yawanci ana alaƙa shi da asalin ƙwayar cuta. Tare da wannan nau'in cutar, mai haƙuri yana da raguwa a cikin yiwuwar ƙwayoyin jikin mutum zuwa insulin, saboda wanda katsewa a cikin metabolism metabolism na faruwa kuma, sakamakon haka, sukari jini ya tashi. Irin wannan cuta tana buƙatar tsarin kulawa da kayan aikin likita na musamman. Saboda haka, jihar ta tanadi fa'idodi na musamman ga marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari guda 2, wanda dole ne a bayar da shi bisa ga Ka'idar da aka yarda da umarnin Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Satumba 11, 2007:
- Magungunan hypoglycemic na kyauta (magungunan da ke nufin rage yawan glucose a cikin jiki). Sashi yana faruwa ne ta hanyar halartar likitan mata, wanda ya rubuta takardar sayen magani har wata daya.
- Fa'idodi ga kowane nau'in masu ciwon sukari sun haɗa da samar da tsararrun gwaji kyauta (a ƙididdigar 180 guda a shekara). Ba a samar da mita a wannan yanayin ba ta hanyar doka ba.
A wasu birane a matakin yanki, hukumomin gwamnati suna ba da ƙarin tallafi ga yara masu fama da ciwon sukari na 2. Don haka, iyayen yaro mara lafiya suna da damar da za su nemi tikiti kyauta ga abubuwan nishaɗi a cikin ɗakunan sanatoci da wuraren nishaɗi (gami da tikiti na wanda ke rakiyar su).
Lokacin da aka sanya nakasa ga yara masu fama da cutar siga
Za'a iya fadada fa'idodi ga marasa lafiya da cutar siga tare da kafa tawaya. Dokar ta Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha ta ba da irin wannan haƙƙin ga duk yara waɗanda ke aiki da glandon endocrine. Idan yaro yana da cuta tare da rikice-rikice na fili wanda ke rushe aikin gabobin ciki, yana buƙatar yin gwajin likita na musamman. Magana game da taron an bayar da ta hanyar halartar likita. Dangane da sakamakon wannan hanya, ana iya sanya mara haƙuri mai rauni na rukunin I, II ko III, wanda dole ne a tabbatar dashi kowace shekara.
Koyaya, dokar ta tanadi maganganu a cikin abin da naƙasasshen rayuwa na yau da kullun:
1. A cikin nau'ikan mawuyacin hali, makanta, matakan karshe na cutar kansa, cututtukan zuciya da ba za a iya musantawa ba.
2. In babu haɓakar mai haƙuri bayan an tsawaita magani.
Rashin Ingantaccen Rukunin I an sanya nau'ikan masu ciwon sukari wanda cututtukan ke tattare da cututtukan mafi muni, kamar su:
Ingancin lalata ko cikakkiyar hangen nesa
A take hakkin halayyar kwakwalwa
Zuciya da koda
Brainwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa
Rashin motsi da inna
Ciwon ƙafar ƙafafun ciwon sukari
Rashin Lafiya na II An kafa ta a lokuta idan lalacewa kamar:
Rashin gani
Lalacewa ga tsarin juyayi
Rushewar hanyoyin jini
Rashin wahala
Re Rage aikin tunani
Rukuni na Rukuni na III ya danganta ga yara waɗanda ke da ƙananan rikice-rikice na kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke buƙatar sashi ko cikakkiyar kulawa. Ana iya ba da izinin ɗan lokaci yayin horo game da aikin jiki. Ga marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na ciwon sukari, sanya matsayin wani nakasassu na rukunin III ba sabon abu ba ne: wannan ya dace lokacin da suke da ƙananan rauni na gani da urination.
Hakkokin Yara masu fama da cutar siga
Fa'idodin ga yaro mai ciwon sukari mellitus sun bambanta sosai kuma an bayyane su a cikin Dokar Tarayya "A kan Kare Hakkin Al'umma tare da Rashin Lafiya na Federationungiyar Rasha." Daga cikinsu akwai:
- Bayar da magunguna da ayyuka zuwa wuraren kiwon lafiyar jama'a kyauta. Musamman ma, mai haƙuri ya sami haƙƙin samar masa mafita ta insulin da magunguna kamar su Repaglinide, Acarbose, Metformin da sauransu.
- 'Yancin yin ziyarar kyauta ta shekara-shekara a cikin sanatorium ko wurin shakatawa na lafiya. Yaron da ke raunin nakasa yana da 'yancin samun tikitin zaɓe. Kari akan haka, jihar ta bar mara lafiya da abokin aikin nasa daga kudin shakatawa tare da biyan su tafiye-tafiye a bangarorin biyu.
- Idan yaro da ciwon sukari maraya ne, to, za a ba shi damar samun gida bayan ya kai shekara 18.
- Fa'idodi ga cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin yara sun haɗa da haƙƙin diyya ta hanyar kudaden da aka kashe akan ilimin gida na nakasassu.
Sauran dokoki sun bayyana cewa:
5. Masu ciwon sukari sun cancanci biyan kuɗi ta hanyar fensho, wanda adadin ya kasance daidai da mafi ƙarancin albashi uku. Ofaya daga cikin iyayen ko mai kula da shi yana da 'yancin nema don fensho.
6. Fa'idodi ga duk yara masu nakasa da ciwon sukari sun haɗa da yiwuwar gabatar da ƙaramin mai haƙuri don magani a ƙasashen waje.
7. Yaran da ke da nakasa suna da 'yancin yin wuraren zama a cikin makarantu, a makarantu, a asibitoci da kuma wuraren kiwon lafiya (Sanarwar Lambar 1157 na 2.10.92). Bayan shigar da makaranta, irin waɗannan fa'idodi ba a ba su.
8. Idan mara lafiya ya bayyana nakasu ta zahiri ko ta tunani, to iyayen sa ba za su iya biya ba don biyan bukatun yaran da ke cikin makarantun na makarantu.
9. Akwai damar shiga bisa fifiko a sakandare na musamman da sakandare na ilimi.
10. Za a iya raba yaran da ke da nakasa su wuce Fasali na Stateasa na Kasa (USE) bayan aji na 9 da kuma daga Examasa Tsarin Jiha (AME) bayan aji na 11. Madadin haka, sun ƙaddamar da Gwajin Karshe na Jihar (HSE).
11. A yayin kammala gwaje-gwaje na shiga jami'a, ana ba masu neman masu ciwon sukari karin lokaci don rubutaccen rubutu da kuma shiri don amsawa.
Fa'idodi ga iyayen yara masu nakasa da cutar siga
Dangane da ka'idodin dokar tarayya "A kan Kare Hakkin Al'umma tare da nakasassu na Tarayyar Rasha", kazalika da abubuwan da aka tsara a cikin Dokar Kwadago, iyayen yaran da ke da nakasa suna da damar ƙarin haƙƙi:
1. Ana bai wa dan karamin yaro mara lafiya ragi na akalla 50% don biyan kuɗi da kudaden gidaje.
2. Iyaye na yara masu fama da ciwon sukari na iya samun fili don ƙasa don gidaje da gidan bazara a gefe.
3. ofaya daga cikin iyayen da ke aiki yana karɓi haƙƙin hutun kwana 4 na hutu a kowane wata.
4. An baiwa ma'aikaci da yake da nakasassu damar da zai ɗauki hutu na musamman wanda ba a biyan shi har zuwa kwanaki 14.
5. An haramtawa ma’aikaci damar nada ma’aikatan da ke da nakasassu dan yin aiki fiye da lokaci.
6. Iyaye na kowane wata iyayen yara mara lafiya suna karɓar haƙƙin rage haraji a cikin adadin mafi ƙarancin albashi.
7. An haramtawa ma’aikata fidda ma’aikata tare da yaran nakasassu a cikin kulawa.
8. Iyaye masu rauni masu bayar da kulawa ga yaran da ke da nakasassu suna karɓar biyan kuɗi na kowane wata na kashi 60% na ƙaramar albashi.
Matakan mahimmanci don aiwatar da fa'idodi
Don samun wannan ko waccan fa'idar cutar kansar tana buƙatar ɗaukar takardu daban-daban. Idan bayan wucewar gwajin likita an sanar da yaron kamar nakasasshe, yana da mahimmanci a gyara wannan matsayin akan takaddara na hukuma. Don wannan, ya zama dole a shirya duk takardun da ake buƙata kuma a mika su ga kwamiti na musamman. Bayan bincika bayanin da aka bayar, membobin kwamatin suna yin tattaunawa tare da mahaifa da yaro kuma suna yanke shawara game da ƙungiyar nakasassu da aka bayar. Takardar da ake Bukata:
- cirewa daga tarihin likita tare da sakamakon binciken da aka haɗe
- SNILS
- kwafin fasfo (har zuwa shekara 14 na takardar shaidar haihuwa)
- tsarin kiwon lafiya
- game da halartar likita
- sanarwa na iyaye
Don samun abin da ya kamata ya zama ga mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari (magunguna kyauta, kayayyaki da na'urori), dole ne a yi wa yara da ko ba tare da nakasassu alƙawari tare da endocrinologist. Sakamakon sakamakon gwaje-gwajen, gwani ya ƙayyade mahimmancin sashi na magunguna kuma ya tsara. Nan gaba, iyaye sun gabatar da wannan takaddun ga kantin magani na jihar, bayan haka ana ba su magunguna kyauta kyauta daidai da adadin da likitan ya tsara. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, an tsara irin wannan takardar don wata ɗaya kuma bayan ƙarewar ingancinta, ana tilasta mai haƙuri yin alƙawari tare da likita.
Don nema don fensho na nakasa, kuna buƙatar aikawa ga Asusun Benshin na Tarayyar Rasha tare da takamaiman takaddun takardu. Lokaci don la'akari da aikace-aikacen da rajista na bayanai ya kasance har zuwa kwanaki 10. Biyan fansho zai fara zuwa watan gobe bayan zartar. Yana da mahimmanci a samar da takardu kamar su:
- aikace-aikacen kudi
- fasfo na iyaye
- kwafin fasfon na ɗan (har zuwa shekaru 14 na kwafin takardar shedar haihuwa)
- takardar shedar rashin ƙarfi
- SNILS
Don yara masu ciwon sukari su fahimci damarsu ta shan magani a cikin gidan hutu ko kuma sanatorium, yakamata iyaye su shirya wannan takaddun kuma su gabatar da shi ga Asusun Inshorar zamantakewa na Tarayyar Rasha:
- aikace-aikacen bauca
- kwafen fasfon din da ke rakiyar su
- kwafin fasfon na ɗan (har zuwa shekaru 14 na kwafin takardar shedar haihuwa)
- takardar shedar rashin ƙarfi
- kwafin SNILS
- Ra’ayin likita game da buƙatar magani a cikin sanatorium
Mahimmanci! Mai haƙuri yana da damar ƙin karɓar wannan fa'idodin zamantakewa da karɓar diyya ta hanyar tsabar kuɗi. Koyaya, girman irin wannan biyan zai zama sau da yawa ƙasa da ainihin kudin yarda.
Don karɓar fa'idodi don jiyya a ƙasashen waje, dole ne a tuntuɓi hukumar Ma'aikatar Lafiya na Federationungiyar Rasha, wacce ke aiki a zaɓin yaran da aka aika don zuwa asibiti a ƙasashen waje. Don wannan, yana da mahimmanci a tattara takardu kamar:
- cikakken bayani daga tarihin likita wanda ya ƙunshi cikakkun bayanai game da kula da yarinyar da jarrabawar sa (a Rasha da Turanci)
- conclusionarshe shugaban hukumar kula da lafiya ta ƙasa game da buƙatar tura mai haƙuri don neman magani zuwa wata ƙasa
- harafin garanti mai tabbatar da biyan bashin ta hanyar jiyya da mara lafiya
Rayuwar yara masu ciwon sukari sun bambanta da rayuwar yaro na yau da kullun: yana cike da injections, magunguna, asibitoci da ciwo. A yau, jihar tana ɗaukar matakai da yawa don sauƙaƙe jiyya ga ƙananan marasa lafiya. Yana da mahimmanci iyaye su kula da fa'idodin da aka basu akansu akan lokaci, su shirya takaddun takarda kuma a tuntubi hukumomin da suka cancanta. Kuma, wataƙila, ziyartar ɗakin shan magani ko karɓar magani kyauta, mara lafiya ɗan zaiyi farin ciki na minti ɗaya kuma zai manta da ciwon nasa.
