Magungunan NovoRapid wani sabon kayan aiki ne wanda zai iya yin rashi raunin insulin ɗan adam. Yana da fa'idodi da yawa akan wasu hanyoyi masu kama da wannan, yana da sauƙin ɗauka da sauri, nan da nan ya sanya sukari jini, ana iya amfani dashi ba tare da la'akari da yawan abinci ba, tun yana insulin ultrashort.
An samar da NovoRapid a cikin nau'ikan 2: Flexpen alkalami wanda aka yi saiti, kayan maye gurbin Penfill. Abun da ke cikin magani shine iri ɗaya a duka halayen biyu - bayyananniyar ruwa don allura, ml guda ya ƙunshi IU 100 na abu mai aiki. Katin, kamar alkalami, ya ƙunshi 3 ml na insulin.
Farashin kwandon insulin na NovoRapid Penfill akan matsakaita zai kai kusan 1800 rubles, farashin FlexPen kusan 2,000 rubles. Packageaya daga cikin kunshin ya ƙunshi alkalami 5.
Siffofin magani
Babban sashi mai amfani da maganin shine insulin kewayawa, yana da tasiri mai karfin jini, shine alamomin gajeren insulin, wanda aka samar a jikin mutum. Ana samun wannan abun ta hanyar amfani da fasahar DNA.
Magungunan yana haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin cytoplasmic na waje na amino acid, yana samar da hadadden ƙarancin insulin, yana fara ayyukan da suke faruwa a sel. Bayan an rage raguwar sukari na jini:
- karuwar sufuri na cikin gida;
- ƙarancin narkewar ƙwayar cuta;
- kunnawa lipogenesis, glycogenesis.
Bugu da ƙari, yana yiwuwa a sami raguwa cikin ƙimar samar da glucose ta hanta.
NovoRapid ya fi dacewa da ƙoshin mai a cikin ƙasa fiye da insulin ɗan adam mai narkewa, amma tsawon lokacin sakamako yana ƙasa da ƙasa. Ayyukan miyagun ƙwayoyi yana faruwa a tsakanin mintuna 10 zuwa 20 bayan allura, kuma tsawon sa shine awanni 3-5, ana lura da mafi girman yawan insulin bayan sa'o'i 1-3.
Nazarin likita na marasa lafiya da ke dauke da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari na mellitus sun nuna cewa tsarin NovoRapid na yau da kullun yana rage yiwuwar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar maraice kai tsaye sau da yawa sau da yawa. Bugu da kari, akwai tabbataccen raguwa a cikin zubar jini na bayan jini.
An bayar da shawarar NovoRapid na miyagun ƙwayoyi don marasa lafiya tare da cutar sukari mellitus na farko (marasa insulin-dogara) da na biyu (marasa insulin-dogara). Contraindications don amfani zasu kasance:
- wuce kima ji na jikin mutum zuwa ga abubuwan da miyagun ƙwayoyi;
- yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 6.
An yarda da amfani da maganin don magance cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.
Umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi
Don samun ingantaccen sakamako, wannan hormone dole ne a haɗe shi da tsawan tsayi da tsaka-tsakin aiki na ciki. Don sarrafa matakin ƙwayar cutar glycemia, ana nuna tsarin sikelin jini na jini, daidaita sashi na ƙwayoyi idan ya cancanta.
Sau da yawa, kashi na yau da kullun na insulin ga mai ciwon sukari ya bambanta tsakanin raka'a 0.5-1 a kilo kilogram na nauyi. Inaya daga cikin allura na hormone yana ba da buƙatar haƙuri na yau da kullum don insulin da kusan 50-70%, sauran shine insulin aiki na tsawon lokaci.
Akwai shaidun da za a sake nazarin adadin kudaden da aka bayar:
- increasedara yawan aiki na jiki na masu ciwon sukari;
- canje-canje a cikin abincinsa;
- ci gaban da concomitant cututtuka.
Insulin NovoRapid Flekspen, sabanin hormone mutum mai narkewa, yana aiki da sauri, amma gajere. An nuna yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi kafin abinci, amma an ba shi damar yin wannan kai tsaye bayan cin abinci, idan ya cancanta.
Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi suna aiki a jikin mutum na ɗan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, da wuya rage haɓakar haɓakar ƙonewar dare yana da muhimmanci sosai. Idan ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don magance ciwon sukari na tsufa, tare da hanta ko gazawar koda, ya zama dole don sarrafa matakan sukari na jini sau da yawa, zaɓi adadin insulin daban-daban.
Wajibi ne a allurar da insulin a cikin sashin ciki na ciki, gindi, gwiwa, tsokoki na kwance. Don hana lipodystrophy, wajibi ne don canza yankin da ake gudanar da maganin. Amma ya kamata ku san cewa gabatarwar zuwa cikin na ciki na ciki yana samar da mafi yawan zafin jiki na ƙwayoyi, idan aka kwatanta da injections a wasu sassan jiki.
Lokaci na sakamakon insulin yana shafa kai tsaye ta:
- sashi
- wurin allura;
- matakin aiki mai haƙuri;
- mataki na zubar jini;
- zafin jiki.
An bada shawarar infusions na subcutaneous na dogon lokaci don wasu masu ciwon sukari, wanda za'a iya yin ta amfani da famfo na musamman. An nuna gabatarwar hormone a bangon ciki na ciki, amma, kamar yadda a baya, dole ne a canza wuraren.
Yin amfani da famfon na insulin, kar a haɗa magungunan da sauran abubuwan insulins. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suke karɓar kuɗi ta amfani da irin wannan tsarin yakamata su sami rahusa na magani idan akwai wani na'urar lalacewa. NovoRapid ya dace da gudanarwa na ciki, amma likita ne kawai ya kamata ya ba da irin wannan harbi.
Yayin aikin jiyya, dole ne a ba da gudummawar jini akai-akai don gwaji don tattarawar glucose.
Yadda ake lissafin sashi
Don ƙididdigar lissafin adadin ƙwayar, yana da mahimmanci a san cewa insulin hormone ɗin yana ultrashort, gajere, matsakaici, tsawa da haɗe. Don dawo da sukari na jini zuwa al'ada, magunguna masu haɗuwa suna taimakawa, ana gudanar da shi akan komai a ciki tare da ciwon sukari na farkon ko na biyu.
Idan wani mara lafiya ya nuna insulin na tsawon lokaci, to, idan ya cancanta, don hana canje-canje kwatsam a cikin sukari, An nuna NovoRapid gabaɗaya. Don lura da hyperglycemia, ana iya amfani da insulins gajere da tsayi lokaci guda, amma a lokuta daban-daban. Wasu lokuta, don cimma sakamakon da aka yi niyya, haɗakar insulin kawai ya dace.
Lokacin zabar magani, likita yayi la'akari da wasu fannoni, alal misali, godiya ga aikin insulin mai tsawo shi kaɗai, yana yiwuwa a riƙe glucose kuma ayi ba tare da allurar ƙarancin magani ba.
Zaɓin zaɓi na tsawan aikin ana buƙatar ta wannan hanyar:
- ana auna sukari na jini kafin karin kumallo;
- 3 hours bayan abincin rana, ɗauki wani ma'auni.
Arin bincike yakamata a gudanar da kowane sa'a. A ranar farko ta zaɓin sashi, dole ne ku tsallake abincin rana, amma ku ci abincin dare. A rana ta biyu, ana aiwatar da ma'aunin sukari kowane sa'a, gami da dare. A rana ta uku, ana aiwatar da ma'aunin ta irin wannan hanyar, abinci bai iyakance ba, amma ba sa yin ɗan gajeren insulin. Sakamakon safiya na gari: rana ta farko - 5 mmol / l; rana ta biyu - 8 mmol / l; rana ta uku - 12 mmol / l.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa NovoRapid yana rage yawan yawan sukarin jini sau daya da rabi fiye da yadda ake magana da ita. Saboda haka, kuna buƙatar allurar 0.4 na gajeran insulin. Accurawarai daidai, satin za'a iya tabbatar dashi ta hanyar gwaji, la'akari da tsananin ciwon sukari. In ba haka ba, yawan abin sama da ya kamata ya taso, wanda zai haifar da rikice rikice da yawa.
Babban ka'idoji don tantance girman insulin ga mai ciwon sukari:
- farkon ciwon sukari na nau'in farko - 0.5 PIECES / kg;
- idan an lura da cutar sankara fiye da shekara guda - 0.6 U / kg;
- rikitaccen ciwon sukari - 0.7 U / kg;
- decompensated ciwon sukari - 0.8 U / kg;
- ciwon sukari a kan asalin ketoacidosis - 0.9 LATSA / kg.
Matan da ke da juna biyu a cikin watanni uku ana nuna su don sarrafa 1 U / kg na insulin. Don gano kashi ɗaya na abu, ya zama dole a ninka nauyin jiki da kashi ɗaya na yau da kullun, sannan a raba biyu. Sakamakon ya kewaya.
NovoRapid Flexpen
An aiwatar da gabatarwar miyagun ƙwayoyi ta amfani da alkalami mai sirinji, yana da mai rarraba, lambar launi. Volumearar insulin na iya zama daga raka'a 1 zuwa 60, mataki a cikin sirinji shine raka'a 1. Wakilin NovoRapid yana amfani da allurar 8 mm Novofayn, Novotvist.
Yin amfani da alkalami mai sirinji don gabatar da hormone, kana buƙatar cire sandar daga allura, dunƙule shi a alƙalin. Kowane lokaci da aka yi amfani da sabon allura don allura, wannan yana taimaka wajan hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. An hana allurar lalacewa, lanƙwasa, canja wuri zuwa wasu marasa lafiya.
Alkalami na syringe na iya ƙunsar ƙaramin adadin iska a ciki, don kada oxygen ta tara, shigar da kashi daidai, an nuna cewa yana kiyaye waɗannan ƙa'idodi:
- kiran sauri raka'a 2 ta juya sashi mai zaɓi;
- Sanya alkalami mai syringe tare da allura sama, ka matsa katako kadan da yatsanka;
- latsa maɓallin farawa gaba ɗaya (mai zaɓe ya dawo zuwa alamar 0).
Idan digo na insulin bai bayyana a kan allura ba, ana maimaita hanyar (babu fiye da sau 6). Idan mafita bai gudana ba, yana nufin cewa alkairin sirinji bai dace da amfani ba.
Kafin saita sashi, mai zaɓin ya kamata ya kasance a cikin matsayi 0. Bayan wannan, ana kiran adadin ƙwayar da ake buƙata, tana daidaita mai zaɓar a bangarorin biyu.
An hana shi saita madaidaiciya sama da abin da aka ƙayyade, yi amfani da sikelin don ƙayyade sashi na ƙwayoyi. Tare da gabatarwar hormone a karkashin fata, hanyar da likitan ya ba da shawarar wajibi ne. Don yin allura, danna maɓallin farawa, kada ku sake shi har sai mai zaɓin ya kasance 0.
Juyawar da aka saba game da siginar ƙwayar cuta ba zai fara kwararar ƙwayar ba; bayan allurar, dole ne a riƙe allura a cikin fata don wani sakan 6, yana riƙe maɓallin farawa. Wannan zai ba ka damar shiga NovoRapid gaba daya, kamar yadda likitan ya umarta.
Dole ne a cire allurar bayan kowane allura, bai kamata a ajiye shi tare da sirinji ba, in ba haka ba miyagun ƙwayoyi za suyi.
Abubuwan da ba a so
Rashin insulin na NovoRapid a wasu yanayi na iya tsokanar halayen da yawa na jikin mutum, yana iya zama yawan zubar jini, alamomin sa:
- pallor na fata;
- yawan wuce haddi;
- rawar jiki;
- rashin damuwa;
- rauni na tsoka;
- tachycardia;
- yawan tashin zuciya.
Sauran bayyanar cututtuka na hypoglycemia za su zama gurguntar fadada, rage yawan kulawa, matsalolin hangen nesa, da kuma yunwar. Canje-canje a cikin glucose na jini na iya haifar da amo, ɓacin rai, mummunan lalata kwakwalwa, mutuwa.
Allergic halayen, musamman urticaria, har da rushewar narkewar hanji, angioedema, gazawar numfashi, da tachycardia, ba su da yawa. Ya kamata a kira halayen gida a matsayin rashin jin daɗi a yankin allura:
- kumburi
- ja
- itching
Bayyanar cututtukan lipodystrophy, rashi mai lalacewa ba a yanke hukunci ba. Likitocin sun ce irin wannan bayyanar ba da tazara ba ce kawai a dabi'a, suna bayyana ne a cikin marassa lafiyar marasa lafiyar, wanda aikin insulin ya haifar.
Analogs, sake dubawa na marasa lafiya
Idan ya faru cewa insulin NovoRapid Penfill bai dace da mai haƙuri ba saboda wasu dalilai, likitan ya ba da shawarar yin amfani da analogues. Shahararrun magungunan sune Apidra, Gensulin N, Humalog, Novomiks, Ryzodeg. Kudaden su kusan iri daya ne.
Yawancin marasa lafiya sun riga sun sami nasarar kimanta magungunan NovoRapid, sun lura cewa tasirin ya zo da sauri, halayen da ba a sani ba ke da wuya. Magungunan yana da kyau sosai don maganin ciwon sukari na mellitus na farko da na biyu. Mafi yawan masu ciwon sukari sun yi imani da cewa kayan aiki ya dace sosai, musamman sirinji na alkalami, suna kawar da buƙata ta sayi sirinji.
A aikace, ana amfani da insulin a kan bangon hanya na tsawon insulin, yana taimakawa ci gaba da glucose jini a matakin da ya dace da rana, rage glucose bayan cin abinci. An nuna NovoRapid ga wasu marasa lafiya na musamman a farkon cutar.
Rashin kuɗaɗe za a iya kiransa da raguwa mai yawa cikin gulukos a cikin yara, a sakamakon haka, marasa lafiya na iya jin ƙaranci. Don hana irin waɗannan matsalolin, ya zama dole don canzawa zuwa insulin na tsawon lokacin bayyanuwa.
Hakanan, masu ciwon sukari sun lura cewa idan an zaɓi sashi ba daidai ba, alamun cututtukan jini yana haɓakawa, kuma yanayin lafiyar yana ƙaruwa. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai ci gaba da taken Novorapid insulin.
