Kididdiga ta nuna cewa mutum daya cikin mutane uku a duniya na iya kamuwa da cutar sankara. Wannan cuta ana ɗauka ɗayan haɗari mafi haɗari, tare da oncology, tarin fuka da AIDS.
Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce mai zurfi sosai, amma tana buƙatar cikakken binciken jikin. Magani ya bambanta digiri da nau'ikan ciwon sukari.
Lokacin da ake nazarin girman cutar, to yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da ka'idodi da yawa. Daga cikin su, matakin glycemia, buƙatar amfani da insulin na waje, amsawa ga amfani da magungunan antidiabetic, kasancewar rikitarwa.
Bayyanar cutar sankarau
Wannan cutar ba ta bayyana ba zato ba tsammani, ana bayyaninsa ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka na hankali da ci gaba mai tsawo. Babban bayyanar cututtuka: ƙishirwa na yau da kullun, bushewar fata da itching mai yawa, wanda a lokuta da yawa ana ɗauka cewa juyayi, bushewar bakin, ba tare da la'akari da yawan adadin ruwa ba.
Sweara yawan ɗumi - hyperhidrosis, musamman akan dabino, riba mai nauyi da asara, raunin ƙwayar tsoka, tsawaita warkewar rauni da raunuka, ɓoye babu wani dalili bayyananne.
Ya kamata a lura cewa idan akwai aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka lissafa, to sai a nemi likita kai tsaye. Zaiyi jerin gwaje gwajen da suka wajaba don tabbatar da cutar.
Idan magani ba shi da kyau ko ba ya nan, ciwon sikila mai rikitarwa na iya haifar. Alamarsa sune:
- m migraines da dizziness,
- hawan jini, a wasu wuraren masu mahimmanci,
- take hakkin tafiya, ana jin zafi koyaushe a cikin kafafu,
- zuciya rashin jin daɗi,
- kara girman hanta
- tsananin kumburin fuska da kafafu,
- babban raguwa a cikin kwarewar ƙafafun ƙafa,
- saurin sauke nauyi cikin hangen nesa
- ƙanshi na acetone daga ciwon sukari yana fitowa daga jikin mutum.
Matakan bincike
Idan akwai shakku kan kasancewar nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na wani nau'in cuta ko wata cuta, yana da muhimmanci a sha gwaje-gwaje da yawa ta amfani da hanyoyin kayan aiki. Jerin matakan tantancewar ya hada da:
- azumi jini gwajin
- gwajin haƙuri haƙuri
- lura da canjin cuta,
- urinalysis na sukari, furotin, farin jini,
- gwajin fitsari don acetone,
- gwajin jini ga haemoglobin,
- gwaji na jini
- Gwajin Reberg: kayyade matakin lalacewar fitsarin urinary da kodan,
- gwajin jini don maganin insulin,
- shawara tare da ophthalmologist da kuma jarrabawar jari
- Duban dan tayi na gabobin ciki
- cardiogram: iko da aikin zuciya a cikin ciwon sukari.
Binciken da aka ƙaddara don gano matakin lalacewar tasoshin ƙafafu ya ba ku damar hana ci gaban ƙafafun sukari.
Wadannan likitocin su bincika mutanen da ke fama da cutar sankara ko kuma masu kamuwa da cutar sankarau:
- likitan mahaifa
- na jijiyoyin bugun jini
- endocrinologist
- likitan mahaifa
- likitan zuciya
- endocrinologist.
An bincika coefficient hyperglycemic akan komai a ciki. Wannan shi ne rabo na sukari sa'a daya bayan nauyin glucose zuwa glucose jini. Matsakaicin al'ada ya kai 1.7.
Copoffly na hypoglycemic shine rabo na yawan glucose a cikin jini zuwa cikin komai a cikin sa'o'i biyu bayan nauyin glucose zuwa matakin glucose a cikin jini. Alamar al'ada ba ta wuce 1.3.
Eterayyade matakin cutar
Akwai rarrabuwa da cutar sankarau ta hanyar tsananin wuya. Wannan rabuwa yana sa ya yiwu a hanzarta tantance abin da ke faruwa ga mutum a matakai daban-daban.
Likitoci suna amfani da rarrabuwa don tantance dabarar magani mafi kyawu.
Matsayi na ciwon sukari na 1 shine yanayin da ƙarancin glucose na jini bai wuce 7 mmol / L ba. Babu glucose a cikin fitsari; kirdadon jini suna tsakanin iyaka.
Mutumin ba shi da rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari mellitus, cutar ta rama ta abinci mai gina jiki da magunguna.
Samun ciwon sukari na aji 2 kawai ya haɗa da biyan diyya da wasu alamun rikitarwa. Tarbiyyar gabobin a cikin wannan halin:
- tasoshin
- kodan
- wahayi
Tare da ciwon sukari na mellitus 3, babu wani sakamako na magani da abinci na abinci. Ana samun sukari a cikin fitsari, matakin shine 14 mmol / L. Grade 3 ciwon sukari mellitus an halin irin wannan rikice-rikice:
- karancin gani a cikin ciwon sukari,
- busa hannun hannu da kafafu ya fara
- akwai hauhawar jini a koda yaushe.
Cutar siga ta Grade 4 ita ce matakin da yafi wahala game da ciwon sukari. A wannan lokacin, ana gano mafi girman matakin glucose (har zuwa 25 mmol / l). Ana samun furotin da sukari a cikin fitsari; ba za a iya gyara yanayin da kwayoyi ba.
Wannan matakin ya inganta tare da haɓaka rashin nasara na koda. Hakanan za'a iya bayyana rauni a kafa na amai da gudawa.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun farkon digiri uku na ciwon sukari na mellitus.
Digiri na nau'in 1 ciwon sukari
Ciwon sukari da ke dogaro da insulin shine wata cuta ta 1. Da wannan cutar, jiki ba zai iya samar da insulin da kansa ba.
An rarrabe wannan cuta zuwa mai tsanani, matsakaici da sauƙaƙe.
Verarfin cutar ya dogara da abubuwan da aka gyara. Da farko dai, ana la’akari da yadda mai haƙuri yake iya haɗuwa da hauhawar jini, wato, raguwar hauhawar jini. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar sanin yiwuwar ketoacidosis - tarin abubuwa masu cutarwa, gami da acetone a jiki.
Haka kuma cutar ta shafi tasirin cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, wanda hakan ke haifar da ciwon sukari kuma yanzu ya kara dagula lamarin.
Godiya ga kulawar da ta dace da kuma kula da tsari na matakan glucose na jini, an kawar da rikice-rikice. Tare da nau'in cutar da cutar ta biya, zaku iya jagorantar rayuwar da kuka saba, motsa jiki, amma koyaushe yakamata kuci abincin.
Da yake magana game da tsananin cutar, yawancin zaɓuɓɓuka suna da yawa a likitance, ya danganta da sakaci. Kowane mutum yana da ciwon sukari a cikin hanyar kansa, ana iya rarrabawa ko rama shi. A cikin yanayin farko, yana da wuya a shawo kan cutar har ma da taimakon magunguna masu ƙarfi.
Ciwon sukari mai matsakaici yana da alamu masu zuwa:
- kusan gama katsewar insulin ɗin da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suka yi,
- na lokaci-lokaci na ketoacidosis da cututtukan jini,
- Dogaro da matakai na rayuwa da abinci kan samar da insulin na waje.
A cikin ciwon sukari mai tsanani, mai zuwa na iya faruwa:
- raunuka
- daina matsalar insulin,
- samuwar karancin insulin,
- yanayi na ketoacidosis da hauhawar jini har zuwa hauhawar jini,
- matsanancin rikice-rikice: nephropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, encephalopathy.
Wani nau'in ciwon sukari an san shi yayin da cutar ta fita daga hannu. Muna magana ne game da ciwon sukari na labile. Yana da halaye masu zuwa:
- spikes a cikin sukari a ko'ina cikin yini ba dalili,
- matsaloli a zabar sashi na insulin,
- m ketoacidosis da hypoglycemia,
- saurin kamuwa da cutar sikari da kuma rikice-rikice iri-iri.
Determinedarfin cutar ciwon suga an yanke hukunci ba kawai alamomin da aka nuna ba, har ma da sakamakon gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwajen da likitan likita ya tsara.
Nau'in nau'in ciwon suga guda 2
Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 yana da matukar sha'awa a tsakanin wakilan hukuma da magunguna na yau da kullun. Sau da yawa mutane da yawa suna da wannan cutar fiye da masu ciwon sukari na 1.
A baya can, nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 an kira shi da cutar tsohuwa. Yawancin lokaci wannan cuta tana bayyana bayan shekaru 40 kuma tana hade da kasancewar nauyin jiki mai yawa. A wasu halaye, alamu na ciwon sukari suna haɗuwa da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma rayuwa mai tsini. Wannan cuta an gada a kashi 50-80 na lokuta.
Wannan nau'in rashin lafiyar ana ɗauka cewa mai zaman kansa ne mai zaman kansa. A farkon cutar, magani insulin ba lallai bane. Amma a yawancin marasa lafiya, a kan lokaci, ana buƙatar allurar insulin.
Ana magance wannan nau'in ciwon sukari kuma yana da sauƙin sauƙin. Amma cutar kuma na iya samun nau'i mai wahala, idan ba ku aiwatar da magani da ya cancanta ba kuma ba ku canza salon rayuwarku ba. Nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari, ko cututtukan da ba su da insulin-insulin, mafi yawan lokuta suna tasowa ne a tsakiya da kuma tsufa.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, mata bayan shekara 65 suna fama da wannan cuta, a fannoni da yawa wannan yana da alaƙa da kiba a matakai daban-daban. Sau da yawa, duk yan uwa suna fama da wannan cutar. Cutar ba ta dogara da yanayin da yanayi ba, ciwon sukari yana da sauki. Idan kawai rikice-rikice suka haifar, mutum zai nemi likita.
Duk da jinkirin cutar, yana da babban tasiri ga wasu cututtuka waɗanda mutum ya riga ya sami, alal misali, atherosclerosis. Bugu da kari, wannan nau'in ciwon suga yana tsokane samuwar wasu cututtukan, wato:
- bugun kwakwalwa
- infarction na zuciya
- gangrene na wata gabar jiki.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a san matsayin ci gaban cutar da bambanta su da juna. Mellitus-non-insulin-da ke fama da ciwon sukari na iya faruwa a cikin:
- mai sauki
- matsakaici
- nau'i mai tsanani.
Dangane da sakamakon gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma yanayin mutum, likitan ya yanke shawarar wane irin cuta ne yake ciki da kuma wane irin magani ake buƙata.
Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na matsakaiciyar matsakaici yana nuna rikicewar metabolism, babban aikin shi shine al'adarsa. Amma ba koyaushe ba zai yiwu a cimma sakamako mafi girma, musamman idan an fara cutar, ko mutum ya manta da kula da yanayin da shan magunguna.
Tare da ciwon sukari, metabolism metabolism na iya zama daban. Ana daukar nau'in cutar da cutar fansa Godiya ga jiyya tare da wannan tsari, zaku iya samun glucose jini na al'ada da rashinsa a cikin fitsari.
Tare da nau'in cuta mai cike da cuta, ba shi yiwuwa a cimma irin wannan sakamakon. A cikin mutane, matakin sukari ba ya da yawa fiye da na al'ada, musamman, shi ne 13.9 mmol / L. Rashin glucose na yau da kullun a cikin fitsari bai wuce 50 g. Babu acetone a cikin fitsari.
Tsarin cuta mai banƙyama shine mafi munin cuta, tunda a wannan yanayin bai isa ya rage glucose na jini da haɓaka metabolism ba. Duk da tasirin maganin warkewa, ƙwayar glucose ya fara wuce 13.9 mmol / L. Don kwana ɗaya, asarar sukari a cikin fitsari ya wuce 50 g, acetone ya bayyana a cikin ruwa. Cutar hypoglycemic shine koyaushe.
Duk waɗannan nau'ikan cutar suna da tasiri daban-daban akan yanayin kiwon lafiya. Sakamakon ciwon sukari ba zai haifar da matsala ga gabobin da tsarin ba, yayin da a lokaci guda, ba a rama sosai ko kuma ba a rama ba yana haifar da haɓakar matsin lamba, cholesterol da sauran alamomi masu mahimmanci. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin ya ci gaba da taken darajojin ciwon sukari.
