Yawan sukari na jini alama ce mai mahimmanci. Idan an haɓaka ko saukar da shi, to wannan yanayin na iya nuna adadin cututtuka. Don haka, tare da babban taro na glucose, ciwon sukari ya haɓaka, wanda ke buƙatar magani koyaushe da wani salon rayuwa.
Cutar na iya faruwa a cikin latent form na dogon lokaci. Hadarin dake tattare da latent shine cewa a wannan lokacin wasu rikice-rikice na iya haɓaka (retinopathy, neuropathy, syndrome na ƙafa ƙafa, da sauransu).
Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a bincika jiki a kai a kai kuma a gudanar da bincike kan hanyoyin ruwa. Ko yaya, shin gamsar glucose an kaddara shi a cikin gwajin jini gaba daya?
Shin ana iya gano ciwon sukari ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen jini na gaba ɗaya da na kwayoyin?
Ana yin binciken ne a kan komai a ciki. Da farko, ana yin gwajin jini don gano matakin haemoglobin da erythrocyte sedimentation, sannan - don ƙididdige adadin ƙwayoyin ja da farin jini. Har zuwa wannan, ana sanya smears na jini a kan tabarau, wanda sannan ake bincika shi ƙarƙashin ƙwallon ƙafa.
Manufar wannan binciken shine sanin yanayin yanayin jikin gaba ɗaya. Hakanan, tare da taimakonsa, zaku iya gano cututtukan jini da gano game da kasancewar hanyar kumburi.
Shin gwajin jini gaba daya yana nuna sukarin jini? Ba shi yiwuwa a tantance taro na glucose bayan irin wannan binciken. Koyaya, a yayin nuna alamun nunawa kamar RBC ko hematocrit, likita na iya zargin mellitus na ciwon sukari ta hanyar rage abubuwan sukari.
Irin waɗannan alamun suna nuna rarar ƙwayar jini zuwa sel jini. Ka'idojinsu na yau da kullun sun tashi daga 2 zuwa 60%. Idan matakin ya tashi, to akwai yiwuwar cutar rashin ƙarfi ta kullum.
Shin nazarin nazarin halittu zai iya nuna yawan sukari? Wannan hanyar bincike tana ba ku damar koya game da kusan duk take hakkin a:
- gabobin - huhu, koda, hanta, mafitsara;
- tafiyar matakai - musayar carbohydrates, sunadarai, lipids;
- ma'aunin abubuwan gano abubuwa da kuma bitamin.
Saboda haka, nazarin halittu yana iya gano glucose jini. Sabili da haka, wannan bincike shine ɗayan wajibi ga masu ciwon sukari, saboda tare da shi zaku iya zaɓar ingantacciyar hanyar maganin cutar da kimanta tasiri.
Amma idan mutum bai sani ba game da kasancewar ciwon sukari, amma yana da tsinkayar gado na ci gabanta ko kuma alamu da yawa na cutar, to an umurce shi da gwajin jini na musamman don sukari.
Yaushe ne ake yin gwajin glucose na jini?
Idan an yi gwajin jini, sukari alama ce da ke ƙayyade ba kawai ciwon sukari ba, har ma da sauran cututtukan cututtukan endocrine, gami da yanayin ciwon suga.
Ana iya aiwatar da irin wannan binciken ta hanyar buƙatun mai haƙuri, amma mafi yawan lokuta tushen aiwatarwa shine jagorar endocrinologist ko therapist.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, alamomi na gwajin jini sune:
- nauyi mai nauyi;
- karuwar ci;
- ƙishirwa da bushe bakin;
- gajiya da kasala;
- urination akai-akai
- katsewa
- haushi.
Ana iya haɗa binciken na jini a cikin jerin gwaje-gwaje na m, wanda aka ba kawai don ciwon sukari ba, har ma idan akwai hauhawar jini da kiba. Hakanan, ya kamata a dauki jini don sukari lokaci-lokaci ga waɗanda mutanen da danginsu ke da matsala game da matakan metabolism.
Har yanzu, irin wannan binciken ba zai zama mai ɗaukar hankali ga ɗan yaro ba, musamman idan yana da alamun cutar da ke sama. Kuna iya ƙayyade matakin sukari a gida ta amfani da glucometer ko binciken gwaji. Koyaya, bazai dace da kashi 20% ba, sabanin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Amma yana da kyau a tuna cewa wasu nau'ikan nazarce-nazarcen da aka yi niyya suna cikin su:
- tabbatar da ciwon sukari mellitus;
- yayin daukar ciki;
- cututtuka na kullum waɗanda suke kan yanayin wuce gona da iri.
Bambancin nazarin
Neman ciwon sukari da sauran matsaloli tare da tsarin endocrine yana buƙatar jarraba matakai da yawa. Da farko, ana ba da cikakken gwajin jini don sukari. Sannan endocrinologist zai iya ba da ƙarin binciken don gano sanadin lalacewa a cikin ƙimar glucose.
Akwai nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje da yawa waɗanda ke ƙayyade taro na glucose. Mafi na kowa shine gwajin sukari mai sauki a cikin jini.
Ana ɗaukar kayan tarihi daga yatsa ko jijiya. A lokaci guda, daidaituwar glucose a cikin jinin venous yana da 12% mafi girma, wanda dole ne a yi la’akari da shi lokacin da yake yanke hukunci. A cikin mutum mai lafiya, alamun glucose yakamata su kasance kamar haka:
- shekaru har zuwa wata 1 - 2.8-4.4 mmol / l;
- har zuwa shekaru 14 - 3.3-5.5. mmol / l;
- sama da shekara 14 - 3.5-5.5 mmol / l.
Idan maida hankali na sukari a cikin jinin da aka karɓa daga jijiya ya fi 7 mmol / l, da 6.1 mmol / l daga yatsa, to wannan yana nuna cin zarafin glucose ko yanayin ciwon suga. Idan alamu sun fi hakan yawa, to ana gano cutar sikari.
A wasu halaye, ana aiwatar da ƙudurin matakin fructosamine - haɗin gulukos tare da albumin ko wasu sunadarai. Irin wannan taron ya zama dole don tabbatar da kasancewar ciwon sukari ko kuma sanya idanu kan tasirin maganin da ake da shi.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan bincike ita ce hanya daya tilo don tantance matakin sukari tare da asara mai yawa na yawan jinin jini (anemia in the diabetes mellitus, zubar jini). Amma ba shi da tasiri tare da mummunan hypoproteinemia da proteinuria.
Abubuwan da aka tattara na yau da kullun na fructosamine sun kai 320 μmol / L. A cikin raunin cutar sankara, masu nuna alama sun haɗu daga 286 zuwa 320 μmol / L, kuma a cikin yanayin ƙaddamarwa, sun fi 370 /mol / L girma.
Binciken matakin gemoclobin na glycated ya ƙaddara yawan waɗannan abubuwa. Wannan hanyar bincike tana ba ku damar lura da fa'idar jiyya don maganin cutar sankara da ƙayyadaddun matakin diyyarsa. Koyaya, ga yara thean shekaru 6 da mata masu juna biyu, wannan tsarin ya saba.
Sakamakon gwajin an yanke shi kamar haka:
- ka’ida shine 6%;
- 6.5% - wanda ake zargi da ciwon sukari;
- fiye da 6.5% - babban haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari, haɗe da sakamakon sa.
Koyaya, haɓaka mai zurfi na iya faruwa tare da ƙarancin ƙarfe anemia da splenectomy. Ana samun ƙananan abun cikin yanayin zubar jini, zub da jini da hawan jini.
Gwajin haƙuri a jiki wata hanya ce ta tantance yawan sukari. Ana aiwatar da shi a kan komai a ciki, mintuna 120 bayan motsa jiki. Don haka, zaku iya gano yadda jiki ke amsa tasirin glucose.
Da farko, mataimaka na gwajin ya auna alamu akan komai a ciki, sannan awa 1 da awa 2 bayan saukar glucose. A wannan yanayin, ma'aunin sukari na al'ada ya tashi, sannan ya faɗi. Amma tare da ciwon sukari, bayan shan magani mai dadi, matakin ba ya raguwa ko da bayan ɗan lokaci.
Wannan gwajin haƙuri na glucose yana da yawan contraindications:
- shekaru har zuwa shekaru 14;
- glucose na azumi ya fi 11.1 mmol / l;
- karancin lalacewa;
- kwanan nan haihuwar ko tiyata.
Ana nuna alamun 7.8 mmol / L a matsayin al'ada, idan sun kasance mafi girma, to wannan yana nuna cin zarafin glucose da ciwon suga. Lokacin da abun sukari ya wuce 11.1 mmol / L, wannan yana nuna ciwon sukari.
Bayani na musamman takamaiman shine gwajin haƙuri na glucose tare da gano ƙwayar C-peptide (kwayoyin proinsulin). Binciken ya kimanta yadda beta-sel waɗanda ke haifar da aikin insulin, wanda ke taimakawa ƙayyade nau'in ciwon sukari. Hakanan ana gudanar da binciken ne don gyara jiyyar cutar.
Sakamakon gwajin kamar haka: dabi'un da aka yarda da su sune 1.1-5.o ng / ml. Idan sun fi girma, to akwai yiwuwar kasancewar kamuwa da cututtukan type 2, insulinoma, kasala, ko polycystic. Lowarancin maida hankali yana nuna rashin wadatar insulin.
Gano abubuwan da ke cikin lactic acid a cikin jini yana nuna matakin isowar oxygen na sel. Gwajin yana ba ka damar gano cututtukan sukari, hypoxia, cututtukan jini a cikin ciwon sukari da kuma bugun zuciya.
Kayan daidaitattun ƙididdigar bincike sune 0.5 - 2.2 mmol / L. Rage matakin yana nuna anemia, kuma ana lura da karuwa tare da cirrhosis, gazawar zuciya, pyelonephritis, cutar sankarar bargo da sauran cututtuka.
A lokacin daukar ciki, ana ƙaddara sukari ta hanyar gwajin haƙuri na glucose don gano idan mai haƙuri yana da ciwon sukari na gestational. An gudanar da gwajin ne a makonni 24-28. Ana ɗaukar jini a cikin komai a ciki, bayan minti 60. tare da amfani da glucose kuma a cikin awanni 2 masu zuwa.
Yana da kyau a tuna cewa kusan dukkanin gwaje-gwaje (ban da gwaji na haemoglobin) ana ba su a cikin komai a ciki. Haka kuma, kuna buƙatar matsananciyar yunwa aƙalla 8 kuma ba fiye da sa'o'i 14, amma zaku iya sha ruwa.
Hakanan, kafin binciken, ya kamata ku bar barasa, carbohydrates da Sweets. Motsa jiki, damuwa da cututtuka na iya shafar sakamakon gwaje-gwajen. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a hankali kula da yanayin kafin gwajin, wanda zai sa sakamakon ya zama daidai. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin bugu da talkari zai yi magana game da asalin gwajin glucose jini.
