Ana amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin don canza magani a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari. An kasu kashi biyu na tsawon aiki zuwa gajeru da tsawa. Lokaci na aiki ga mutane daban-daban mutum ɗaya ne. Sabili da haka, zaɓi na insulin farji shine yawanci ana gudanar da shi a asibiti.
Har zuwa karshen wannan, sarrafa matakin glycemia yayin rana. Sannan likita ya tsara allurai na insulin daidai gwargwado na rayuwa, abinci, aikin jiki, hada nau'ikan kwayoyi.
Compensarin karɓar metabolism na metabolism, ƙarancin canzawar yau da kullun a cikin glucose jini, sabili da haka, rage haɗarin rikitarwa na ciwon sukari.
Ka'idodi na asali don maganin insulin
A al'ada, ana samar da 23-59 IU na insulin, wannan shine kusan kilogiram 1 na nauyin jiki - 0.6 - 1.0 IU. Wannan sirrin ya kasu kashi biyu da abinci (bolus). Asirin insulin na asali ya kusan kusan 1 na awa ɗaya. Abinci da abinci, samarwa da kwantar da insulin - 1 na kowane yanki na 10 ko 12 g na carbohydrates (1XE).
Bukatar insulin ya fi girma da safe, kuma ƙwaƙwalwar haɓaka tana ƙaruwa da shi da yamma. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar tsarin kula da magunguna, tunda maƙasudin insulin shine don sauƙaƙe shirye-shiryen insulin daban-daban na rufin asirin nasu.
Wannan hanya ana kiranta tushen-bolus na kulawar insulin. Yana ɗaukar ƙarfin insulin da kuma amfani da injin insulin. Narkar da ɓoyewar insulin a cikin al'ada, sai dai carbohydrates (glucose), amino acid da sunadarai.
Insulin da aka gabatar dashi yana da adadin yawan sha, wanda ya dogara da irin wadannan dalilai:
Mafi mahimmancin waɗannan sune:
- Zazzabi na shirye-shiryen insulin, daskararru.
- Volumearar maganin allura.
- Yankunan allura (cikin sauri daga fata na ciki, yayi saurin daga cinya ko kafada).
- Aiki na Jiki.
- Yanayin Tsarin Tsarin Mara Lafiya
Dalilin maganin insulin: Vozulim N, alamomi
An wajabta insulin don ya daidaita metabolism metabolism. Daidai ne, wannan yana nufin cimma daidaitaccen jinin glucose na jini na yau da kullun, guje wa karuwa mai yawa bayan cin abinci, yakamata a sami glucose a cikin fitsari, babu barazanar hauhawar jini.
Manuniya masu gamsarwa game da daidaito na jiyya sune raguwa ko kawar da manyan alamun cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, rashin ketoacidosis, hauhawar hyperglycemia, yawan kai hare-hare na hypoglycemia.
Harkokin insulin yana ba ku damar kula da lafiyar jiki na marasa lafiya da kuma cinye abincin da ke ɗauke da ƙwayar carbohydrates (ban da wadatattun masu sauƙi), kula da daidaitaccen ƙwayar lipoproteins, cholesterol.
Babban buri na maganin insulin shine salon rayuwa na yau da kullun, iyawa don ci gaba da hulɗa da jama'a. Ingantaccen insulin na lokaci da daidai yana taimakawa hana ko rage girman jijiyoyin jiki da cututtukan jijiyoyin cutar.
Babban alamomi don rubuta magunguna dauke da insulin don kamuwa da cutar siga sune:
- Nau'in farko na ciwon suga.
- Ketoacidosis (da bambanci sosai a cikin tsananin).
- Coma: hyperosmolar, ketoacidotic, lactic acidosis.
- Cututtukan da matsakaici mai nauyi da kuma mummunan purulent tafiyar matakai.
- Cutar tarin fuka
- Rashin nauyi kwatsam.
- Mai sake dawowa na farji, cututtukan farji, farji da farji.
Ana amfani da insulin ba tare da la'akari da irin nau'in ciwon sukari ba a gaban microangiopathies mai ƙarfi tare da aiki mai rauni, ƙwayar cuta mara nauyi a cikin kwakwalwa da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta na myocardial, abubuwan aikin tiyata.
A nau'in 2 na ciwon sukari mellitus, ana kuma nuna insulin don tsayayya da magunguna na baki da mummunan hypertriglyceridemia, ana amfani dashi idan akwai masu fama da cutar siga.
Yadda ake shiga Vulim N?
Magungunan insulin na mutum ne, isofan, wanda aka samu ta injiniyan kwayoyin. Tsarin sashi shine dakatarwa don gudanarwa a karkashin fata. Ilaya daga cikin milliliter ya ƙunshi PIECES 100 na insulin. Akwai shi a cikin 10 ml vials da katako tare da ƙarar 3 ml.
Don shigar da Vozulim N, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ake yin insulin daidai. Kafin gabatarwar, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar kwalban daga firiji a cikin minti 30. Duba ranar saki da ranar karewa. Abin da ya ƙare ko buɗe magunguna sama da kwanaki 28 da suka gabata ba za'a iya gudanar da shi ba.
Ya kamata a yi allurar kawai tare da wankewa da bushe hannaye a kan fata mai tsabta (bai kamata a shafa barasa ba). Kwalban insulin ta Vozulim N tana bukatar a birge ta a hannu domin launi ta dakatarwar ta zama fari, gajimare.
Idan an gudanar da allura tare da sirinji, dole a kiyaye waɗannan ƙa'idodi masu zuwa:
- Kar ku taɓa allura tare da kowane farfajiya.
- Yi hankali da duba adadin insulin.
- Wurin allurar kada ta kasance kusa da moles (kusa da 2.5 cm) ko cibiya, ba za ku iya saka farashi ba a wurin rauni ko kumburi.
- Bayan allura, sirinji ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin fata don wani 5 seconds.
- Dole ne a zubar da allurar da sirinji a hankali bayan an yi allura.
Tare da gabatarwar miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da alkalami mai sirinji, kuna buƙatar saita mai watsawa a matakin da ake so kuma danna maɓallin farawa. Bayan haka, riƙe alkalami tsawon sakan goma ba tare da cire shi daga fata ba. Dole ne a watsar da allurar da aka yi amfani da ita nan da nan.
Dole ne a canza wurin allurar, wanda ke samar da tsarinka na mutum da kanka. Don rage rauni, kuna buƙatar samun allura mai kauri da gajeriyar hanya.
Yaya Vulim N yake aiki bayan gudanarwa?
Vozulim N shine insulin na ɗan adam mai-matsakaiciyar lokaci. Don fara rage karfin sukari na jini, dole ne ya haɗu da takamaiman mai karɓa a kan membrane na sel. Vozulim N ya samar da hadaddiyar insulin + mai karuwar kwayoyin halitta wanda ke tayar da jijiyar kwayoyin halitta.
Rage yawan glycemia yana da alaƙa da haɓakar yawan glucose ta sel kuma haɗuwa da shi a cikin hanyoyin haɓaka glycolysis don makamashi. Insulin kuma yana da ikon hanzarta samuwar fats da glycogen. A cikin ƙwayoyin hanta, samuwar sababbin kwayoyin glucose da gushewar shagunan glycogen an hana su.
Lokacin aikin insulin Vozulima N ya kasance ne saboda yawan sha. Ya dogara da dalilai da yawa: kashi, hanya, wurin gudanarwa. A wannan batun, bayanin aikin aikin insulin yana ƙarƙashin canzawa a duka marasa lafiya daban-daban kuma a cikin mutum ɗaya.
Tasirin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana farawa 1 sa'a bayan gudanarwa, matsakaicin (ganiya) yana tsakanin awa 2 zuwa 7, tsawon lokacin aikin Vozulima N shine 18-20 hours. An lalata shi ta hanyar insulinase a cikin hanta. An fitar dashi ta cikin kodan.
Fasali na amfanin Vozulima N:
- Ana iya tsara shi ga mata masu juna biyu da kuma yayin shayarwa.
- Ana yin allurar a karkashin fata, mafita ya kamata ya kasance a zazzabi a ɗakin.
- Wataƙila gudanarwar na lokaci ɗaya tare da gajeren insulin - Vozulim R.
- Yi amfani da kayan kicin don alkalami mai sirinji kawai.
- Sakamakon yiwuwar yin barna a ciki, yin amfani da pumps insulin ba shi da shawarar.
Idan an wajabta insulin a karon farko ko canjinsa ya faru, tare da mahimman damuwa na jiki ko na hankali, to ƙarancin damar tuƙi mota yana yiwuwa. Gudanar da injina yana zama babban haɗari mai haɗari.
Sabili da haka, ba su bayar da shawarar aikin da ke buƙatar ƙara kulawa ba, saurin tunanin mutum da halayen motoci.
Side effects da rikitarwa
Gudanar da insulin yawanci yakan haifar da faduwa cikin sukarin jini. Hankalin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari ba koyaushe yana nuna ainihin hoton asibiti ba. A cikin ciwon sukari na cutar sankara, ba za a iya gane raguwa mai yawa a cikin glucose na jini ba, kuma a cikin ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa, har ma da ɗan raguwa a cikin glycemia yana haifar da rashin jin daɗi.
Kwayar cutar mahaukaciyar hankula tana da nasaba da kunna tsarin rashin tausayi da rage wadataccen abinci mai kwakwalwa. Haɗari, yunwar, hannuwa mai birgima, tashin hankali na cikin gida, kumburin lebe da harshe, rauni ya bayyana.
Bayyanar cututtukan hypoglycemia na faruwa ne saboda kwakwalwar ba ta da shagunan glucose na kanta, kuma lokacin da aka saukar da abincin, sai ta mayar da hankali ga ƙwanƙwasawa tare da tsananin damuwa, rauni, da buƙatun abinci. Sa'an nan kuma ana tura jijiyoyin jijiya zuwa ƙwayar pituitary, ana fitar da hormones. An ƙaddamar da sarkar halayen hormonal don dawo da glycemia.
Don magance hypoglycemia a farkon matakan da digiri mai sauƙi, ya isa ya dauki sukari, zuma, alewa, allunan glucose. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani da tsinkaye mara nauyi, dole ne a kai marasa lafiya zuwa asibiti inda ake gudanar da glucose a ciki kuma ana allurar glucagon.
Yawancin hypoglycemia a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus yana haifar da ci gaba da ciwo na insulin overdose syndrome (Somoji syndrome). Alamar asibiti ta kamar haka:
- Babban buƙatar insulin (juriya insulin juriya).
- Harshen labile na ciwon sukari (pseudolability).
- Tsayayyen nauyi ko riba mai nauyi tare da babban glycosuria.
- Inganta metabolism na metabolism saboda cututtukan concomitant ko ƙananan allurai.
- Rashin kwanciyar hankali tare da ƙaruwa da yawa.
- Jin yunwa na kullum.
- Babban bambanci a cikin glucose na jini da fitsari.
Dogaro ga insulin na iya bunkasa, koda kashi 80 na rabe ba ya haifar da abin da ake so, kuma ana gano abubuwan da ke cikin insulin a cikin jini. Juriya insulin na ɗan lokaci ne (tare da ɓarnawa, haɓakar kamuwa da cuta, haɓaka cututtukan cututtukan fata ko cututtukan endocrine) da tsawan lokaci.
Allergic general halayen insulin ana nuna su a cikin hanyar Quincke ta edema ko na kullum urticaria, suna da wuya. Abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin gida ana nuna su ta hanyar bayyanar hyperemia, kumburi a wurin allurar insulin ko ƙarar fata. Yawanci, alamun gari ba sa buƙatar magani kuma sun ɓace ba tare da sakamako ba.
Lipodystrophy a wurin allura na inulin, haka kuma ayyukan atrophic a cikin kashin subcutaneous, lokacin da aka yiwa insulin jikin mutum, ya faru da keta tsarin insulin, kamar yadda kuma yake daukar martani a cikin marassa lafiyar da ke kula da shirye-shiryen insulin. Don rigakafin, kuna buƙatar canza wurin allurar.
A farkon farawar insulin ko tare da karuwa a cikin abin da aka gudanar, insulin edema yana tasowa, wanda ya ɓace ba tare da amfani da diuretics ba a cikin wata. Wannan yana da alaƙa da haɓaka halayen immunological da riƙe sodium a cikin jiki.
Irin wannan edema na iya faruwa a cikin tasirin gani na gani a farkon amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin. Ruwan tabarau yana canza kauri kuma marasa lafiya suna fuskantar wahayi na ɗan lokaci da wahalar karatu. Wannan fasalin zai iya tsayawa daga makonni da yawa kuma baya buƙatar magani ko zaɓi na tabarau don gyara.
Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin yana nuna fasaha don gudanar da insulin.
