Mikstard 30 NM shine insulin mai aiki sau biyu. Ana samun maganin ta hanyar fasahar halittar halittar DNA ta hanyar amfani da iri na Saccharomycescerevisiae. Yana hulɗa tare da masu karɓar ƙwayoyin membrane, saboda wanda hadarin insulin-receptor ya bayyana.
Magungunan yana shafar ayyukan da ke gudana a cikin sel, ta hanyar kunna biosynthesis a hanta da ƙwayoyin mai. Bugu da ƙari, kayan aiki yana inganta ɓoye mahimman enzymes, kamar glycogen synthetase, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase.
Rage yawan sukari na jini ana samunshi ta hanyar motsa jiki, haɓaka haɓakawa da ingantaccen ɗamara na glucose ta kyallen. An riga an ji aikin insulin bayan rabin sa'a bayan allura. Kuma ana samun mafi girman hankali bayan sa'o'i 2-8, kuma tsawon lokacin tasirin shine wata rana.
Halayen magunguna, alamomi da kuma magungunan hana daukar ciki
Mikstard shine insulin kashi biyu wanda ya ƙunshi dakatarwar isofan-insulin (70%) da insulin-mai aiki (30%). Rabin rayuwar miyagun ƙwayoyi daga jini yana ɗaukar minutesan mintuna, sabili da haka, bayanin martabar miyagun ƙwayoyi an ƙaddara shi da halayen shashi.
Tsarin sha yana dogara da abubuwa daban-daban. Don haka, ya shafi nau'in cuta, sashi, yanki da hanyar gudanarwa, har ma da kauri daga ƙwayar subcutaneous.
Tunda magungunan biphasic ne, shansa duka yana tsawaita kuma yana sauri. Mafi girman hankali a cikin jini ana samun shi ne bayan awanni 1.5-2 bayan sc sc.
Rarraba insulin yana faruwa lokacin da ya haɗu da ƙwayoyin plasma. Banda shi sunadaran sunadarai ne wadanda suke yawo a gabansa wadanda ba'a tantance su ba
An cire insulin na mutum ta hanyar enzymes-insili-insulin na insulin na insulin na insulin, da kuma, tabbas, ta hanyar isomerase protein. Bugu da kari, an gano yankuna kan menene hydrolysis na kwayoyin insulin ke faruwa. Koyaya, metabolites da aka kafa bayan hydrolysis ba su da ilimin halitta.
Rabin rayuwar abu mai aiki ya dogara ne da sha daga ƙwayoyin subcutaneous. Matsakaicin lokacin shine 5-10 hours. A lokaci guda, magunguna ba su haifar da abubuwan da suka danganci shekaru.
Alamu don amfani da insulin Mikstard sune nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, lokacin da mai haƙuri ya haɓaka juriya ga allunan rage sukari.
Contraindications hypoglycemia da hypersensitivity.
Umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi
Abu na farko da ya kamata a lura dashi shine cewa allurar yakamata a rubuta ta ta likita daban daban. Matsakaicin yawan insulin ga majinyacin tsufa shine 0.5-1 IU / kg na nauyi ga yaro - 0.7-1 IU / kg.
Amma a cikin rama cutar, maganin ya zama dole don rage sashi, kuma idan akwai kiba da balaga, karuwa zai iya zama dole. Haka kuma, bukatar horarwar ta ragu da cututtukan hepatic da na koda.
Ya kamata a gudanar da allurar ta rabin awa kafin a cinye abincin da ke dauke da carbohydrate. Koyaya, yana da daraja a tuna cewa idan akwai tsallake abinci, damuwa da ƙara yawan motsa jiki, sashi dole ne a daidaita shi.
Kafin yin ilimin insulin, ya kamata a koya wasu ka'idoji da yawa:
- Ba a yarda da dakatarwar ba cikin kulawa ba tare da izini ba.
- Ana yin allurar cikin kashi a cikin bangon ciki na ciki, cinya, da kuma wani lokacin a cikin murfin ƙyallen kafada ko gindi.
- Kafin gabatarwar, yana da kyau a jinkirta fatar fatar, wanda zai rage yiwuwar cakuda shiga cikin tsokoki.
- Ya kamata ku san cewa tare da s / c allurar insulin a cikin bango na ciki, shan shi yana faruwa sosai da sauri tare da gabatarwar miyagun ƙwayoyi zuwa wasu yankuna na jiki.
- Don hana haɓakar lipodystrophy, dole ne a canza wurin allurar a kai a kai.
Ana amfani da insulin Mikstard a cikin kwalabe tare da hanyoyi na musamman da samun digiri na musamman. Koyaya, kafin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, marmarin murfin roba dole ne a lalata. Sannan sai a shafa kwalbar a tsakanin dabino har sai ruwan da yake ciki ya zama kamar na farin da fari.
Bayan haka, adadin iska zazzagewa cikin sirinji, mai kama da sashi na insulin da aka gudanar. An shigar da iska a cikin murfin, bayan haka an cire allurar daga gare ta, kuma ana fitar da iska daga sirinji. Na gaba, ya kamata ka bincika ko an shigar da maganin daidai.
Ana yin allurar insulin kamar haka: riƙe fata da yatsunsu biyu, kuna buƙatar dame shi kuma a hankali gabatar da mafita. Bayan wannan, ya kamata a riƙe allura a ƙarƙashin fata na kimanin aƙiƙa 6 kuma a cire shi. Game da jini, dole ne a matattar da wurin allurar da yatsa.
Ya kamata a sani cewa kwalabe suna da filayen kariya na filastik, waɗanda aka cire kafin tattara insulin.
Koyaya, da farko ya cancanci bincika yadda murfin ya dace da gilashi, kuma idan ya ɓace, to dole ne a mayar da maganin a cikin kantin magani.
Mikstard 30 Flexpen: umarnin don amfani
Nazarin likitoci da yawancin masu ciwon sukari sun gangaro cewa ya fi dacewa don amfani da Mixtard 30 FlexPen.
Wannan alkalami ne na insulin tare da mai zaɓin kashi, wanda zaku iya saita sashi daga raka'a 1 zuwa 60 a cikin ƙaruwa ɗaya.
Ana amfani da Flexpen tare da allura ta NovoFayn S, tsawon abin da ya kamata ya zama har mm 8 mm. Kafin amfani, cire hula daga sirinji sannan ka tabbata cewa katangar yana da akalla PIECES 12 na kwayoyin. Abu na gaba, dole ne a juya abin da ya sashi na siririn a hankali har sau 20 har sai dakatarwar ta zama girgije da fari.
Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da waɗannan matakai:
- Ana kula da membrane na roba tare da barasa.
- An cire alamar aminci daga allura.
- Allurar ta kasance rauni a kan Flexpen.
- An cire iska daga matattarar.
Don tabbatar da gabatarwar takamaiman kashi kuma don hana iska shiga, da yawa ayyuka dole. Dole ne a saita raka'a biyu akan alkalami na syringe. Bayan haka, riƙe Mikstard 30 FlexPen tare da allura sama, kuna buƙatar ku matsa a hankali a hankali tare da yatsanka sau biyu, don iska ta tara a cikin sashinta na sama.
Bayan haka, riƙe alƙalin sirinji a madaidaiciyar matsayi, danna maɓallin farawa. A wannan lokacin, mai zaɓin kashi ya kamata ya juya zuwa sifili, kuma digo na bayani zai bayyana a ƙarshen allura. Idan wannan bai faru ba, to, kuna buƙatar canza allura ko na'urar da kanta.
Na farko, an saita mai zaɓin kashi zuwa sifili, sannan an saita sashin da ake so. Idan mai zaɓin ya juya don rage kashi, ya zama dole a sanya maɓallin farawa, saboda idan an taɓa shi, to wannan na iya haifar da zubar da insulin.
Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa don kafa kashi, ba za ku iya amfani da sikelin adadin dakatarwar da ya ragu ba. Haka kuma, adadin da ya wuce adadin raka'o'in da ke cikin kicin ɗin ba za a iya saita su ba.
Mikstard 30 Flexpen allura a karkashin fata daidai kamar yadda Mikstard a cikin kwalabe. Koyaya, bayan wannan, ba a zubar da alkairin sirinji ba, amma an cire allura. Don yin wannan, an rufe shi da babban filayen waje da ba'a kwance ba, sannan a hankali an watsar da shi.
Don haka, don kowane allura, kuna buƙatar amfani da sabon allura. Haƙiƙa, lokacin da zafin jiki ya canza, insulin ba zai iya yaduwa ba.
Lokacin cirewa da zubar da allura, yana da matuƙar mahimmanci ka bi matakan kiyaye lafiya don masu kiwon lafiya ko mutanen da ke bayar da kulawa ga masu ciwon sukari bazai iya jifar su da haɗari ba. Kuma an riga an yi amfani da Spitz-rike ya kamata a jefa ba tare da allura ba.
Don dogon lokaci mai lafiya da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Mikstard 30 FlexPen, kuna buƙatar kulawa da kyau, lura da ka'idodin adanawa. Bayan wannan, idan na'urar ta lalace ko ta lalace, to insulin na iya fita daga ciki.
Abin lura ne cewa FdeksPen ba za a iya sake cika shi ba. Lokaci-lokaci, dole ne a tsabtace saman allurar sirinji. A saboda wannan dalili, an goge shi da ulu ulu da ke cikin barasa.
Koyaya, kada a sanya mai, wanke, ko kuma nutsar da na'urar a cikin ethanol. Bayan duk wannan, wannan na iya haifar da lalacewar sirinji.
Yawan overdose, hulɗa da miyagun ƙwayoyi, halayen m
Duk da gaskiyar cewa ba a tsara asalin abin sama da ya kamata ba don insulin, a wasu lokuta bayan allurar cutar hanta na iya haɓaka a cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, to tare da raguwa kaɗan a cikin sukari ya kamata ku sha shayi mai dadi ko ku ci samfurin da ke dauke da carbohydrate. Saboda haka, an ba da shawarar cewa masu ciwon sukari koyaushe su ɗauki ɗan alewa ko ɗan sukari tare da su.
A cikin hypoglycemia mai tsanani, idan mai ciwon sukari bai san komai ba, an shigar da mai haƙuri tare da glucagon a cikin adadin 0.5-1 mg. A cikin cibiyoyin likita, ana gudanar da maganin glucose a cikin mai haƙuri na ciki, musamman idan mutum ba shi da amsa ga glucagon a cikin minti 10-15. Don hana sake dawowa, mai haƙuri wanda ya sake dawowa yana buƙatar ɗaukar carbohydrates a ciki.
Wasu kwayoyi suna shafar metabolism metabolism. Sabili da haka, lokacin ƙaddara ƙwayar insulin, dole ne a la'akari da wannan.
Don haka, sakamakon insulin yana shafar:
- Barasa, magungunan shaye-shaye, magungunan salicylates, ACE inhibitors, MAO waɗanda ba su zaɓi B-blockers - suna buƙatar buƙatar horarwa.
- B-blockers - alamun rufe fuska.
- Danazole, thiazides, hormone girma, glucocorticoids, b-sympathomimetics da hormones thyroid - suna kara bukatar hormone.
- Alkahol - yana tsawaitawa ko haɓaka aikin aikin insulin.
- Lancreotide ko Octreotide - na iya haɓaka da rage tasirin insulin.
Sau da yawa, sakamako masu illa bayan amfani da Mikstard yana faruwa idan akwai ƙarancin magunguna, wanda ke haifar da hypoglycemia da rigakafin rashin ƙarfi. Sharparancin raguwa a cikin sukari yana faruwa tare da yawan wucewa, wanda ke tare da raɗaɗi, asarar hankali da aikin kwakwalwa mai rauni.
Effectsarin abubuwan da ba a sani ba sun haɗa da kumburi, retinopathy, neuropathy na gefe, lipodystrophy da rashes na fata (urticaria, fyaɗe).
Har ila yau, cuta daga fata da ƙananan ƙwayar katako za su iya faruwa, kuma halayen gida na haɓaka a wuraren allurar.
Don haka lipodystrophy a cikin ciwon sukari yana bayyana ne kawai idan mai haƙuri bai canza wurin allurar ba. Abubuwan da suka shafi gida sun hada da hematomas, redness, busa, kumburi da itching wanda ke faruwa a cikin allurar. Koyaya, nazarin masu ciwon sukari sun ce waɗannan abubuwan mamaki suna ba da kansu ta hanyar ci gaba da warkarwa.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa tare da saurin haɓakawa a cikin sarrafawa na glycemic, mai haƙuri na iya haɓaka mummunar farfadowar neuropathy. Yawancin halayen da ba kasafai ake amfani da su sun hada da girgizawar anaphylactic da kuma gurguntawar nakasa wanda ke faruwa a farkon jiyya. Koyaya, sake dubawar marasa lafiya da likitoci suna da'awar cewa waɗannan yanayi na lokaci ne da na ɗan lokaci.
Alamomin tashin hankali na gaba yana iya kasancewa tare da rashin aiki a cikin tsarin narkewa, fatar jiki, gazawar numfashi, ƙoshin lafiya, ƙwanƙwasawa, jijiyoyin jiki, hauhawar jini da suma. Idan irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suka bayyana, yakamata ku nemi likita nan da nan, saboda magani na rashin tabbas zai iya haifar da mutuwa.
Kudin miyagun ƙwayoyi Mikstard 30 NM kusan 660 rubles. Farashin Mikstard Flexpen ya bambanta. Don haka, almarar sirinji ya biya daga 351 rubles, kuma katako daga 1735 rubles.
Shahararrun analogues na biphasic insulin sune: Bioinsulin, Humodar, Gansulin da Insuman. Ya kamata a adana Mikstard a cikin wuri mai duhu ba fiye da shekaru 2.5 ba.
Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin yana nuna fasaha don gudanar da insulin.
