Ciwon sukari mellitus a cikin yaro: yadda za a bi?

Ciwon sukari mellitus a cikin yara yana kunshe cikin rukuni na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata. Wata cuta tana da alamomin alamomi da alamomin, wanda akan tantance cutarwar. Cutar sankarau yara ita ce cuta ta biyu da akafi kamuwa da ita.

Wannan rashin lafiyar tana haifar da damuwa matuka fiye da yadda aka rataye jini sukari a cikin manya.

Kula da ciwon sukari na yara yana da burin dogon lokaci da kuma gajerun gajeru. Dole ne yaron ya girma gabaɗaya, haɓaka da jama'a. Manufar na dogon lokaci shine don hana rikicewar jijiyoyin jiki.

Bayyanar cututtuka da kuma bayyanar cutar sankarau a cikin yara

Iyaye suna buƙatar kula da halayyar da wasu fasali na yaran don maye gurbin farkon ciwon sukari a cikin lokaci.

Wannan cuta tana haɓaka cikin hanzari idan ba a yin amfani da abubuwan da suka dace na lokaci. Idan ba a kula da shi ba, yaron yana fuskantar ƙarancin kamuwa da cutar siga.

Idan ɗaya ko fiye da alamun suka bayyana, ya kamata ka tuntuɓi likita nan da nan. Wajibi ne a sanya jerin karatuttukan da za su bayyana alamun cutar.

Yara na iya samun waɗannan alamun:

• amai da tashin zuciya
• kullum ƙishirwa da bushe bakin
• karancin gani sosai,
• urination akai-akai da kuma yawan fitsari,
• gajiya, rauni, rashin ƙarfi,
• yawan wuce gona da iri don asarar nauyi.

Kwayar cutar cututtukan siga na yara na iya zama na hali da na zazzabi. Karshen lokaci iyayen suna lura dashi. Wannan ya hada da kukan yarinyar na rashin karfi, ciwon kai, da rashin aiki mai kyau.

Misalin alamun cutar sankarau a cikin yara:

1. urinary incontinence (polyuria). Iyaye suna kuskuren ɗaukar wannan sabon abu don noctis enuresis, gama gari ne ga yara ƙanana,
2. zafin jin ƙishirwa. Kuna iya sha har zuwa lita 10 na ruwa a kowace rana, kodayake, wannan bazai rage matakin bushewa a bakin yaron ba,
3. polyphagy ko asarar nauyi asara saboda tsananin ci,
4. fata, ƙaiƙayi, da samuwar ulcers,
5. bushe fata
6. bayan aikin urination, ana jin itching a cikin kaciyar,
7. yawan fitsari yana ƙaruwa (sama da lita biyu a kowace rana). Fitsari shine mafi yawancin haske a launi. Binciken ya nuna acetone a fitsari da kuma takamaiman nauyi. Sugar na iya fitowa, wanda bai kamata ya zama al'ada ba,
8. wani gwajin jini don komai a ciki ya gano matakan glucose na jini sama da 120 mg.

Idan akwai tuhuma game da ciwon sukari na yara, yana da mahimmanci don gudanar da bincike a kan lokaci da kuma ingantaccen magani. Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke haifar da wannan cutar. manyan wadanda su ne:

• Tsarin kwayoyin halitta. 'Yan uwan ​​yaran sun sha wahala daga ciwon sukari. Tare da yiwuwar ciwon sukari 100% zai kasance a cikin yaro wanda iyayensu ke fama da wannan cutar. Ciwon sukari na iya faruwa a cikin jarirai. Wajibi ne a kula da matakin glucose a cikin jinin mata masu juna biyu, tunda mahaifa ya dauko glucose da kyau, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga tarawar sa a cikin kasusuwa da gabobin tayi.
• Useswayoyin cuta. Chicken pox, rubella, cutar hepatitis da kumburi da kumburin ciki suna cutar da cutar koda. A wannan yanayin, sel na rigakafi suna fara lalata sel insulin. Cutar da ta gabata ta haifar da haifar da ciwon sukari tare da tsinkayar gado.
• Yawan cin abinci. Yawancin abinci mai saurin ci yana haifar da hauhawar nauyi. Da farko dai, kiba tana faruwa ne sakamakon yawan samfuran da ke tattare da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta mai narkewa, irin su sukari, cakulan, kayan kwalliyar gari. Sakamakon irin wannan abincin, matsin lamba a kan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana ƙaruwa. Kwayoyin insulin a hankali suna yankewa, tare da lokaci lokaci yana daina aiki.
• Rashin aikin motsa jiki. M rayuwa yana haifar da wuce haddi mai nauyi. Tsarin aiki na zahiri yana kunna ƙwayoyin alhakin alhakin samar da insulin. Don haka, tattara sukari abu ne na al'ada.
• Akai-akai na sanyi. Tsarin rigakafi wanda ya ci karo da kamuwa da cuta ya fara samar da rigakafi ta hanzari don yaƙar cutar. Idan irin waɗannan lokuta sukan maimaita, to tsarin zai fara lalacewa, yayin da tsarin rigakafi ya baci. Sakamakon haka, ana samar da kwayoyin, har ma a cikin rashin ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke kawar da ƙwayoyin kansu. Akwai rashin aiki a cikin aiki na farji, saboda haka, samar da insulin ya ragu.

Cutar ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Rikicin ciwon sukari na iya haɓaka tare da kowace irin cuta. Don haka, ingancin rayuwa yana raguwa sosai kuma yaron ya zama nakasassu.

Sakamakon magani mara kyau, yaro zai iya fuskantar ƙoshin hanta. Wannan ilimin ilimin cutar sankara (cuta) shi ne sanadin kamuwa da hanta da kuma keta haddin bile. Biliary dyskinesia na iya kasancewa.

Ana kiranta cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na jijiyoyin jini. A matakin farko, ana sake juyar da wannan tsari tare da kyakkyawan magani. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, alamomi na farko na bayyanar cututtukan cuta sun faru shekaru 15 bayan fara ciwon sukari. Tare da rashin isasshen diyya da saka idanu mara kyau na yanayin yaro, angiopathy yana faruwa shekaru 3-5 bayan farkon ciwon sukari.

Bayyanar cututtuka na angiopathy:

1. canje-canje a cikin jiragen ruwa na retina - cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata. A cikin mutane, ƙarancin gani na gani yana raguwa, wanda ke haifar da fitowar fata da makanta.
2. canje-canje a cikin tasoshin da kodan - mai ciwon sukari nephropathy. Yana kaiwa zuwa ga haifar da rashin nasara na koda.
3. ilmin dabbobi daga cikin kananan tasoshin kafafu. Gudun jini a cikin kafafu yana da damuwa, musamman ma a ƙafafu. Ciwon huji ya fara tasowa, na iya yin sanyi kafafu da jin zafi yayin motsa jiki. A cikin manyan lokuta, gangrene ya bayyana.
4. canje-canje a cikin tasoshin jini na kwakwalwa da haɓakar encephalopathy na ciwon sukari: halayyar hankali, hankali da tausayawa.
5. lalatawa da ƙananan tasoshin sauran gabobin da kyallen takarda tare da alamu na yau da kullun.

Wani rikicewar cutar sukari a cikin yara shine polyneuropathy, wato, lalacewar jijiyoyin gefe.

An kwatanta ilimin ilimin halittar jini ta hanyar raguwa cikin jijiyoyin hannu, rauni a kafafu yana ƙaruwa, kuma gajiyar ta rikice.

Tsarin bincike

Idan yaro yana da alamun cututtukan sukari, ya kamata a auna sukari tare da glucometer. Idan babu mitirin glucose na jini a cikin gida, yakamata a yi gwajin jini a wurin likitanci na sukari, bayan cin abinci ko kuma a cikin komai a ciki.

A mafi yawan lokuta, iyaye sun yi watsi da alamun yaran, ba su yi zargin cewa cutar sankarau na iya shafar yara ba. Sau da yawa fiye da ba, mutane suna zuwa likita kawai lokacin da yaron ya fara gajiya.

Idan kuna zargin wata cuta, to yakamata a yi gwajin sukari ko gwajin haƙuri a cikin gwajin.

Bambancin ganewar asali shine ma'anar nau'in ciwon sukari. Don haka, zaku iya gano nau'in 1 ko 2 na ciwon sukari a cikin yaro. Ba a daɗuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin yara. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana gano shi a cikin samari tare da kiba ko kiba.

Nau'in na biyu na masu ciwon suga sau da yawa yana bayyana tsakanin shekaru 12 da haihuwa. Bayyanannun alamun wannan cuta suna bayyana a hankali. Ciwon sukari na 1 a cikin yara ya bayyana sau da yawa kuma nan da nan yana nuna alamun halayen.

Tare da rashin lafiya ta nau'in 1, ƙwayoyin rigakafi zuwa:

• sel tsibirin na Langerhans,
• Glassamil decarboxylase,
• kansar,
• insulin.

Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa tsarin na rigakafi yana yakar cututtukan beta na pancreatic. A cikin ciwon sukari na nau'in na biyu, babu irin wannan rigakafin a cikin jini, amma a yawancin lokuta ana yin rikodin babban insulin bayan cin abinci da kuma a kan komai a ciki.

Hakanan, idan akwai nau'in cuta ta 2, gwaje-gwaje a cikin yaro suna nuna juriya na insulin, wato, ƙwayar kyallen takarda zuwa aikin insulin ya ragu.

A cikin yawancin yara da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2, ana gano cutar ta hanyar wucewar fitsari da gwajin jini yayin jarrabawa don kasancewar wasu cututtukan.

Kimanin 20% na yara masu balaguro masu ciwon sukari na nau'in 2 suna ba da rahoton ƙishirwa, yawan urin ,aukar ciki, da rashin nauyi.

Kwayar cutar ta dace da bayyananniyar bayyananniyar bayyanar cutar cuta ta 1.

Kula da ciwon sukari na yara

Akwai nau'ikan ciwon sukari da yawa a cikin yara kuma magani ya haɗa da tsarin haɗin kai; a matakin farko, ana buƙatar yanayi mai tsada. A nan gaba, bin tsari ya zama dole.

Ya kamata a kula da ciwon sukari, a sami iyakar biyan diyya ga tsarin cututtukan. Hakanan wajibi ne don aiwatar da rigakafin rikice-rikice.

Babban kayan aikin magani:

• lafiyar abinci
• maganin insulin
• motsa jiki na musamman
• yarda da tsarin mulkin yau.

Abincin abinci mai gina jiki yana tabbatar da ci gaban yaro na al'ada, sabili da haka, ƙimar kuzarin abinci da abubuwan da ke cikin manyan abubuwan da suke da shi (carbohydrates, fats, sunadarai) suna canzawa daidai da shekarun yarinyar.

Kula da ciwon sukari a cikin yara ya ƙunshi warkewa daga tsarin abinci tare da carbohydrates da sugars. Wajibi ne a tsaurara gwargwadon yawan gari, hatsi da samfuran zaki a cikin abincin yau da kullun. Yawan kitse a cikin maganin cututtukan sukari yakamata a iyakataccen iyaka, musamman idan asalinsu daga dabbobi ne.

An wajabta furotin gwargwadon buƙatun shekaru. Wajibi ne a ci abinci sau 5-6 a rana kuma a tabbata a rarraba adadin carbohydrates a kowane abinci.

Dole ne a kiyaye wannan tanadin, tunda akwai buƙatar rubanya shirye-shiryen insulin a cikin mafi yawan yara masu ciwon sukari. Za'a iya amfani da abincin a matsayin hanyar zaman kanta na magani a cikin yara masu nau'in cutar mai laushi ko latent.

Harkokin insulin shine babban magani ga yawancin nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan yara. Magani na iya faruwa sakamakon ɗaukar shirye-shiryen insulin tare da tsawan matakan aiki daban-daban, da kuma inganci mafi girma a lokuta daban-daban na rana. Kwayoyi masu gajeren lokaci sune insulins takwas masu sauƙi, kazalika da suinsulin.

Matsakaicin lokacin aiwatarwa, wato awowi 10-14, ga irin waɗannan kwayoyi:

1. insulin B
2. amorphous zinc dakatarwar,
3. insulin rapitard.

Dogayen aiki tare da tsawan sa'o'i 20-36 sun hada da:

• dakatar da insulin-protamine (matsakaicin aiki da safe),
• dakatarwar sinadarin zinc
• dakatarwar sinadarin zinc-insulin.

Kuna iya warkar da ciwon sukari tare da kwayoyi masu gajeriyar magana da canzawa zuwa insulins da ke aiki na lokaci-lokaci cikin abubuwan da aka zaɓa daban-daban. Ana lissafta allurai da ake buƙata gwargwadon urinary sukari daidai. Don waɗannan dalilai, yana ƙayyade asarar sukari a cikin fitsari yayin rana bisa ga bayanin yau da kullun na glucosuric. An nuna gabatarwar 1 na insulin ga kowane 5 g na sukari da aka keɓe cikin fitsari.

Ana raba jimlar insulin zuwa allura uku, waɗanda dole ne a yi rabin sa'a kafin cin abinci, daidai da yawan sukari a cikin kowane abinci da kuma yawan sukari da ba a cika gani a wannan lokacin.

Ana kuma amfani da wata hanyar yin lissafi wajen maganin alamun cututtukan cututtukan yara. Yaron ana ba da 0.25-0.5 IU na insulin a kowace kilo kilogram na nauyin jikin mai haƙuri a rana gwargwadon tsananin tsananin rashin lafiyar. Za'a zaɓi wakili na tsawaita aiki gwargwadon alamun alamun glucosuric da bayanin glycemic.

Shirye-shiryen insulin don magance cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ana gudanar da su a ƙarƙashin karkashin wasu yanayi waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga rigakafin lipodystrophy na bayan-insulin. Muna magana ne game da ɓacewa ko haɓakar mai mai subcutaneous a cikin wuraren injections - lipomas, lipoatrophy.

Waɗannan sharuɗɗan sun haɗa da:

1. Ya kamata a gudanar da insulin a cikin bangarori daban-daban na jiki: kwatangwalo, kafadu, gindi, ciki, ƙananan ɓangare na ƙashin gwiwa.
2. Ya kamata a sha magani a zafin jiki.
3. Bayan sarrafa fata, barasa ya kamata ya narke,
4. Buƙatar yin amfani da allura mai kaifi,
5. Ana gudanar da maganin a hankali yayin kulawa da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na yara a cikin yara.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da rashin lafiyan gida don insulin na iya faruwa a cikin nau'i na jan fata da ƙonewa a wurin allurar. Hakanan a wasu halaye, kurji da kumburi suna bayyana.

Irin waɗannan bayyanar ba a cika gani ba, a wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar canza miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma zaɓi sabon.

Yin rigakafin

Kowane ɗayan hanyoyin rigakafin da ake da su baya da ingancin inganci. A halin yanzu ba zai yiwu a hana wannan mummunan cutar ba. Lokacin da ake shirin yin juna biyu, iyaye masu zuwa suyi gwajin kwayoyin halitta don sanin yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin ɗansu da ba a haifa ba.

Hakanan ana bada shawara don yin gwajin jini ga ƙwayoyin rigakafi. Wannan binciken na dalilai ne na bayanai kawai kuma baya tasiri a kan cutar. Idan dangin sun sha wahala daga ciwon sukari na 1, ya kamata a sauya dangi zuwa ga abincin da ke da ƙwayar carbohydrate na dindindin kafin bayyanuwar cutar ta farko.

Irin wannan abincin zai kare sel beta daga kawar da tsarin rigakafi. Yawancin marasa lafiya suna tabbatar da sakamakon abincin. Masana kimiyya suna aiki tuƙuru don ƙirƙirar ingantattun hanyoyin kariya.

Cutar sankaran za a iya warke ta kawai; yana da mahimmanci a bar sel a raye cikin sabbin yara da aka gano. Wajibi ne a dauki matakan kare sel beta daga tsarin garkuwar jikin dan adam.

Idan gwajin kwayoyin halittar yaro ya nuna haɗarin cutar ko kwayoyin cuta a cikin jini, likitan halartar na iya bayar da damar shiga cikin gwajin asibiti. Dole ne a kula da hankali a cikin binciken gwaji da magani.

Abubuwan haɗari na iya haɗawa:

• Kwayoyin cuta na kwayar cuta, misali, Coxsackie, ƙwayar Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, ƙwayar rubella.
• Rage yawan bitamin D a cikin jini. Vitamin sananne ne don kwantar da tsarin rigakafi, yana rage hadarin bunkasa ciwon sukari da ke dogaro da insulin.
• A farkon amfani da madara saniya ta yaro. Irin wannan madara yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 1.
• Ruwan sha mai gurbata da nitrates.
• Ciyar da jariri da wuri tare da kayan hatsi.

Yawancin abubuwan da ke haifar da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 na sukari ba za a iya kawar da su ba, kodayake, wasu daga cikinsu na iya sarrafa su. Dole ne a fara haihuwar jariri bayan amincewar likita.

Zai fi kyau jaririn ya sha nono kawai har zuwa watanni 6. Likitoci sun yi imanin cewa ciyar da mutum ta hanyar haɓakar haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan da suka dogara da insulin, amma, har yanzu ba a tabbatar da wannan a hukumance ba.

Yana da mahimmanci a kula da tsabtace ruwan sha. Ba shi yiwuwa a ƙirƙirar yanayin bakararre, kodayake, ya kamata a kula don kare yaran daga ƙwayoyin cuta.

Za'a iya baiwa Vitamin D yaro tare da izinin likita, tunda kayan maye sun zama wanda ba a sonsu.

Magungunan ganye

Amfani da ganye ya cika maganin cutar sankara. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa maganin gargajiya yana da mahimmanci na biyu. Irin wannan maganin baya maye gurbin wakilin maganin cututtukan da insulin.

Yin amfani da ganyaye don ciwon sukari ba ya hana buƙatar bin abinci. Yin amfani da sigogi don manya, zaka iya yin lissafin sashi don jariri.

Ga likita jiko na blueberry ganye, shi wajibi ne don daga babban spoonful busassun blueberries tare da gilashin ruwan zafi.Kayan aiki na kimanin mintuna 45 kuna buƙatar nace a cikin wani wuri mai ɗumi, bayan wannan ana tace shi. Yana da Dole a jira har sai jiko ya sanyaya. Ya bugu sosai a cikin 250 ml sau uku a rana a cikin kananan sips.

Don yin kayan ado mai warkarwa daga tushen burdock, kuna buƙatar zuba karamin cokali biyu na murƙushe kayan albarkatu tare da gilashin ruwan zãfi kuma tafasa na minti 10 a cikin wanka mai ruwa. An sanya kayan aikin don rabin sa'a, sannan a tace. Ana cinye 100 ml sau da yawa a rana.

Don shirya jiko na kwasfa na wake, sai a zuba 15 g na filayen bean tare da lita na ruwa a tafasa na tsawon awanni biyu. Sha 150 ml zuwa sau hudu a rana.

Don shirya phytosorb don ciwon sukari, ya kamata ku ɗauki bangare ɗaya:

• blueberry ganye
• ciyawar ganye
• ganye kwandon wake,
• Mint ganye.

Daga cikin manyan cokali biyu na albarkatun kasa a cikin 550 ml na ruwan zafi, bar don mintina 45, sannan zuriya da sha 250 ml a rana a allurai uku da aka raba.

Wani tarin kayan ganye ya ƙunshi:

1. biyu na horsetail,
2. partaya daga cikin 'ya'yan itacen juniper,
3. wani sashi na ganye,
4. biyar sassa na wake pods,
5. yanki guda na tushen burdock.

Buro babban cokali guda don tattara ruwa 250 na ruwan zãfi. Bayan haka, ana saka samfurin a cikin kusan awa ɗaya, ana shafawa tare da cinye 150 ml sau biyu a rana.

Dokta Komarovsky zai yi magana game da ka'idodin kulawa da cututtukan sukari a cikin yara a cikin bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin.