Abun sukari a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 yana da matukar mahimmanci, tunda haɓaka yana haifar da ci gaba da rikitarwa, kuma ƙwanƙwasa cuta mai haifar da ci gaba da cutar.
Dangane da bayanin likita, sukari na jini ya fara daga raka'a 3.3 zuwa 5.5. Tabbas, mai ciwon sukari da mutum mai lafiya zai sami alamun sukari daban-daban, sabili da haka, tare da ciwon sukari, kula da shi koyaushe wajibi ne.
Bayan cin abinci, adadin glucose a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa, kuma wannan al'ada ce. Sakamakon abin da ya faru na ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ana aiwatar da ƙarin samar da insulin, a sakamakon abin da glycemia ke zama al'ada.
A cikin marasa lafiya, aikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana da illa, saboda sakamakon abin da ba'a isasshen adadin insulin ba (DM 2) ko ba a samar da kwayoyin halitta ba kwata-kwata (yanayin yana nuna kamar DM 1).
Bari mu bincika mene ne matsayin sukari na jini ga masu ciwon sukari na 2? Yaya za a kiyaye shi a matakin da ake buƙata, kuma menene zai taimaka wajen tsayar da shi a cikin iyakance mai karɓa?
Ciwon sukari (Mellitus): Cutar
Kafin gano abin da sukari ya kamata ya kasance a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ciwon sukari na mellitus, ya wajaba a yi la'akari da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan ƙwayar cuta. A nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, alamu marasa kyau suna ci gaba da sauri, alamu suna ƙaruwa a zahiri a cikin 'yan kwanaki, ana nuna su da tsananin wahala.
Sau da yawa yakan faru ne cewa mara lafiya bai fahimci abin da ke faruwa tare da jikinsa ba, sakamakon abin da hoton ya tsananta game da cutar sankarau (asarar hankali), mai haƙuri yana ƙarewa a asibiti, inda suke gano cutar.
Ana gano DM 1 a cikin yara, matasa da matasa, ƙungiyar marasa lafiya sun haura shekara 30. Bayyananun na asibiti:
- M ƙishirwa. Mai haƙuri na iya shan ruwa kusan 5 na ruwa a kowace rana, yayin da jin ƙishirwa har yanzu yana da ƙarfi.
- Wani takamaiman ƙanshin daga warin baki (warin acetone).
- Appara yawan ci a kan asarar nauyi.
- Increasearuwar takamaiman nauyin fitsari a kowace rana yana yawan fitar urination, musamman da dare.
- Raunin raunuka ba sa warkar da dogon lokaci.
- Abubuwan cututtukan fata, abin da ya faru na kumburi.
Cutar ta nau'in farko an gano ta kwanaki 15-30 bayan kamuwa da cuta (rubella, mura, da dai sauransu) ko kuma yanayin damuwa. Don daidaita matakan sukari na jini akan asalin cutar cuta ta endocrine, an bada shawarar mai haƙuri don gudanar da insulin.
Nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari yana haɓaka a hankali sama da shekaru biyu ko fiye. Ana gano shi yawanci a cikin marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 40 da haihuwa. Mutun koyaushe yana jin rauni da rashin tausayi, raunukansa da fasa ba sa warkar da dogon lokaci, tsinkaye na gani yana da rauni, ana gano ɓacin rai.
Bayyanar cututtuka:
- Matsaloli tare da fata - itching, kona, duk raunuka ba su warkar da dogon lokaci.
- M ƙishirwa - har zuwa 5 lita kowace rana.
- Urination akai-akai da cin amana, gami da daddare.
- A cikin mata, akwai murƙushewa, wanda yake da wuya a bi da shi da magunguna.
- Marigayi mataki shine halin nauyi, yayin da abincin yake iri ɗaya ne.
Idan aka lura da hoton asibiti da aka bayyana, yin watsi da lamarin zai haifar da mummunan tasirinsa, sakamakon yawancin rikice-rikice na cututtukan cututtukan fata zai bayyana da wuri.
Ciwon hankali a hankali yana haifar da tsinkayewar hangen nesa da cikakkiyar makanta, bugun jini, bugun zuciya, gazawar koda da sauran sakamako.
Mecece diyya?
Don ware cin gaban m da kuma rikitarwa rikice-rikice, masu ciwon sukari suna buƙatar daidaita sukarin jininsu. Menene daidaitaccen sukari na jini ga masu ciwon sukari na 2, shin masu haƙuri suna da sha'awar su?
Majiyoyin ƙungiyar masu ciwon sukari suna nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a rage haɗarin cutar hoto idan glucose a cikin jiki bayan cin abinci tsakanin raka'a 5.0 zuwa 7,2, sa'o'i biyu bayan abinci a cikin 10 mmol / l, kuma gemocated hemoglobin shine 7% m da ƙananan.
Ka'idojin da aka bayyana a sama suna ba da shawarar cewa menu na haƙuri zai ƙunshi abinci mai-carbohydrate. Dangane da haka, irin wannan abinci mai gina jiki yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa ana buƙatar karuwa a cikin adadin insulin don daidaita yanayin glycemia.
A zahiri, babban allurai na kara yawan tashin hankali wanda ba shi da hatsari fiye da yawaitar glucose. Dangane da wannan, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa a cikin cibiyoyin likitocin kiwon lafiya na rage yawan sukarin jini na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 don rage hadarin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, wanda ke tattare da mummunan sakamako da mutuwa.
Idan ana gudanar da aikin gano cutar ta hanyar inganta abinci ta hanyar inganta lafiya, idan aka hada abincin da ke da karancin carbohydrates a cikin menu, za a rage yawan sashin insulin.
Hakanan rage yiwuwar haɓakar ƙwararrakin ƙwayar cuta ba tare da buƙatar kula da yawan glucose ba. Jikin ɗan adam, wanda aka sanya shi a cikin irin wannan yanayi, yana fara aiki da tabbas.
Amincewa da karancin abincin carb, mara lafiya zai san tabbas abinda karatuttukan karatunsa na jini ya dogara da abinci da ake amfani dashi da kuma alluran hodar.
Don haka, yana yiwuwa a tsara menu, aikin jiki da allurar hormone, wanda tare zai ba ku damar kula da glucose a matakin da aka yi niyya.
Type 2 ciwon sukari: al'ada sukari jini
A cikin mata da maza waɗanda ba su da matsalar kiwon lafiya, ana lura da sauyawar sukari a cikin kewayon 3.3-5.5. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a cikin mafi yawan lokuta, glucose ya tsaya a kusa da 4.6 mmol / L.
Bayan cin abinci, ko da a cikin mutum lafiya, maida hankali yana ƙaruwa, zai iya kaiwa zuwa raka'a 8.0. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan, yana raguwa, tsayawa a ƙimar al'ada.
Yawan sukarin jini a jikin wata cuta mai 'daɗi' suna cikin kewayon raka'a 4.5-6.5. bayan cin abinci. Sakamakon ƙasa ba tabbatacce shine yawanci nuna ƙimar daga raka'a 6.5 zuwa 7.5. 2 sa'o'i bayan cin abincin, matakin ya zama ƙasa da raka'a 8.0 - wannan kyakkyawan ne, amma karɓuwa zuwa 10 mmol / l ya yarda.
An lura cewa irin wannan adadi na iya rage yiwuwar haɓakar rikitarwa mara kyau kamar canje-canje na atherosclerotic a cikin tasoshin jini, ƙafafun sukari, neuropathy, nephropathy da sauransu.
Matsayin maƙasudin koyaushe ana ƙaddara shi daban-daban, gwargwadon ƙungiyar haƙuri, ba ya bambanta tsakanin mata da maza.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa jinin sukari na jini ga nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana ɗan cika damuwa idan aka kwatanta da adadi na lafiyayyen mutum. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, likitoci suna jin tsoron mummunan jini, sabili da haka wuce shi.
Amma mafi yawan likitocin Amurka da na Isra’ila suna ba da shawarar cewa duk mara lafiya ya tsayar da halayen da ake lura da su cikin mutum mai lafiya. A wannan yanayin ne kawai zai yuwu a guji mummunan sakamako a nan gaba.
Matsayi na mata da maza dangane da shekaru:
- A cikin matasa masu ciwon sukari, matakin da ake so shine 6.5 akan komai a ciki kuma har zuwa raka'a 8.0. bayan cin abinci.
- Matsakaicin shekarun ƙungiyar marasa lafiya ya kamata yayi 7.0-7.5 akan komai a ciki kuma har zuwa 10 mmol / l bayan cin abinci.
- A cikin mata da mazan ma, an yarda da manyan dabi'u. Sugar 7.5-8.0 mmol / L kafin abinci - mai gamsarwa, kuma har zuwa raka'a 11 bayan cin abinci.
Matan da ke da juna biyu suna buƙatar yin jagora ta ƙimar 5.1 mmol / L da safe, a cikin kullun lambobin kada su wuce raka'a 7.0. Idan sun yi nitsuwa cikin waɗannan iyakokin, to, ba za a cire haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari ba.
A kan aiwatar da sarrafa cuta, bambanci tsakanin glucose kafin da kuma bayan abinci ma daidai yake da mahimmanci. Daidai ne, amplitude na oscillations bai wuce raka'a 3 ba.
Yaya ake cimma burin?
Don haka, bayan gano yadda sukari yakamata ya kasance ga masu ciwon sukari na 2, za muyi la’akari da waɗanne hanyoyi zasu taimaka don cimma wannan burin. Kamar yadda kuka sani, glucose ya zama alama mai canzawa, yana iya canzawa dangane da abinci da aka ci, aikin jiki, yanayin tunanin mai haƙuri da sauran abubuwan.
Domin ramawa game da ilimin, a wasu kalmomin, don daidaita abubuwan glucose a matakin da ake buƙata, kuna buƙatar bin duk shawarwarin likita.
Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar bin wani abinci. Ba tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙuntatawa a cikin menu ba, cimma maƙasudin ba ainihin bane.
A cikin cututtukan sukari na nau'in farko, an wajabta mai haƙuri gabatarwar insulin a cikin wani sashi, shawarar da akayi daban-daban. Abin takaici, wannan ita ce hanya daya tilo da za a kula da glucose na yau da kullun, tare da hana ruwa gudu.
A cikin DM 2, manyan abubuwan maganin sune kamar haka:
- Cararancin abincin carb. Tare da wuce haddi mai nauyi, ana bada shawara don iyakance adadin adadin kuzari da aka cinye.
- Aiki na Jiki. Rashin motsa jiki yana inganta wurare dabam dabam na jini a cikin jiki, yana ƙara ƙarfin jiɓin kyallen takarda zuwa insulin.
- Yanayin daidai na yau. Dole ne mu ci abinci a lokuta na yau da kullun, a wani lokaci mu tafi gado kuma mu tashi da safe, da dai sauransu.
Yana da matukar mahimmanci don sarrafa dabi'un sukari a cikin jiki, kuma kada ku dogara da yadda kuke ji, amma akan sakamakon gwajin jini ta amfani da glucometer. Kamar yadda al'adar ke nunawa, da yawa daga cikin marasa lafiya sukan sami ƙishirwa da bushe bakin tare da ciwon sukari, a sakamakon wanda bazai taɓa jin yanayin rashin lafiya ba.
Gudanar da ciwon sukari na buƙatar kulawa da likita. Mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ziyarci endocrinologist sau ɗaya a wata, ya ɗauki fitsari gaba ɗaya da gwajin jini. Gwajin gwajin jini na glycated kowane watanni shida.
Alamar Glycemic Product
Lokacin zabar samfuran abinci a kan asalin cutar "mai daɗi", mutum yana buƙatar kulawa da ƙididdigar su na glycemic - wannan ƙimar ce da ke nuna yadda samfurin musamman yake canza ƙwayar glucose.
Carbohydrates da ke cikin abinci sun kasu kashi biyu cikin sauri da jinkiri. Monosaccharides yana tunawa da sauri isa, tsokani tsalle a cikin glycemia. Abubuwan da suke motsa jiki a hankali suna daukar jiki na dogon lokaci, sannu a hankali suna samar da jiki da makamashi.
A Intanit zaka iya samun tebur na samfurori inda aka ƙaddara ƙididdigar ƙwayar su. Abubuwan da ke cikin babban abinci suna da fa'idarsu. Koyaya, duk da wannan yanayin, ba'a bada shawara don haɗawa cikin menu ba, kamar haka:
- An ba da jikin tare da carbohydrates na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
- Akwai babban yiwuwar tsalle a cikin glycemia.
- An gano hauhawar nauyin jiki saboda samuwar adon mai.
Marasa lafiya suna buƙatar haɗawa a cikin abincin abinci wanda ke da matsakaici da ƙarancin adadi don ware haɗarin cutar rashin lafiyar hyperglycemic bayan cin abinci. Wane ƙididdigar glycemic index ana ganin low?
Mafi ƙarancin alamar yana zuwa raka'a 55, matsakaici ya bambanta daga raka'a 56 zuwa 69, kuma mafi girma yana farawa daga 70 ko fiye. Don ƙirƙirar menu na mutum, zaka iya amfani da tebur na musamman waɗanda ke nuna ba GI kawai ba, har ma da adadin kuzari.
Ciwon sukari cuta ce mai girman gaske ta tsarin endocrine wacce ke da wahalar magani kuma tana kaiwa ga canje-canje da ba a jujjuya ba.
Don kare kanka daga sakamakon, kuna buƙatar yin la'akari da samfuran GI da abubuwan da ke cikin kalori.
Cararancin abincin carb
Don ingantaccen magani, yawancin marasa lafiya suna buƙatar canza abincinsu kawai. Wannan bayanin ya shafi mutanen da ke da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Yana faruwa sau da yawa cewa mutanen da suka yiwa insulin, ko kuma suka ɗauki magunguna don daidaita hanyoyin haɓakawa a cikin jiki, sun gano cewa gyaran abinci mai gina jiki yana rage ƙimar hormone da kwayoyi.
Akwai wasu ƙa'idodi waɗanda aka ba da shawarar ga duk marasa lafiya. Wajibi ne don cire carbohydrates mai saurin aiki daga menu. Waɗannan sun haɗa da sukari mai girma ba kawai, har ma da dankali, taliya, wanda ke dauke da sitaci, wanda yake juyawa cikin sukari nan da nan ya haifar da hauhawar jini.
Yana da mahimmanci ku ci ƙananan abinci har sau 5-6 a rana - cikakken abinci uku, 'yan abun ciye-ciye yayin rana. An hana shi sosai don matsananciyar yunwa tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 da ciwon sukari na 1, saboda wannan yana haifar da ɗaukar hoto na asibiti.
Shawarwari don masu ciwon sukari:
- Iyakance cin abinci na carbohydrate zuwa gram 20-30 a rana. Wannan zai kawar da tsalle-tsalle a cikin glucose kuma ya kula da ayyukan sel na sel.
- Barin tebur ya zama dole tare da jin ƙaramar yunwar. An hana shi wuce gona da iri, saboda wannan zai haifar da yanayin rashin lafiya, koda mai haƙuri ya cinye abincin da aka halatta.
- Mafi kyawun sakamakon cutar cuta ta hanyar abinci mai ƙarancin carb ana samun shi lokacin da mai haƙuri ya tsara jadawalin abinci na mako guda, yana manne da shi akai-akai.
An haramta shi sosai don cin 'ya'yan itatuwa da zuma, saboda suna ƙunshe da carbohydrates da yawa na aiki da sauri. Karyata waɗannan samfuri yana da wuya isa, amma zai yiwu. Yin amfani da glucometer, zaku iya tabbatar da cewa suna haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a cikin glucose.
Neman madaidaicin abincin, mutum bai manta da wasa da wasanni ba. Aiki na jiki yana ba da ƙarfi da ƙarfi, yana haɓaka saurin kamuwa da glucose, yana inganta matakai na rayuwa a jiki.
Gudanar da ciwon sukari ba ma'aunin ɗan lokaci bane, amma rayuwar da koyaushe zai kasance koyaushe. Glucose a cikin iyakance mai karɓa shine tabbacin tsawon rai ba tare da rikitarwa ba.
Abin da alamun alamun sukari na jini a cikin ciwon sukari sune al'ada zasu gaya wa gwani a cikin bidiyon a wannan labarin.
