Cutar sankarar mahaifa - menene? Wannan wani yanayi ne wanda yawan tara kuzarin jini na dogon lokaci ya wuce mafi girman abin da aka yarda da shi, sakamakon abin da ke fama da cutar siga.
Cutar sankarar mellitus ana ɗauke da shi ta hanyar lalata metabolism metabolism saboda dalilai:
- karancin insulin da aka samar ta hanji.
- kwayoyin kariya daga kwayoyin halittar jiki.
Dangane da waɗannan alamun a cikin magani, ana bambanta ciwon sukari da nau'in. A kowane yanayi, ana wajabta magani na musamman:
- ko gabatarwar insulin a cikin jiki dangane da abincin;
- ko abinci da magunguna wadanda ke rage sukarin jini.
Ana amfani da tasiri na jiyya (ko rashinsa) ta hanyar ma'aunin sassaucin alamun cuta na rushewar endocrine kuma ana bambanta nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan jini: rama, ƙaddamarwa da kuma rarraba.
Bashin sakamako matakin tabbatarwa
Lokaci na diyya ya dogara da sigogi na asibiti da kuma yanayin lafiyar masu cutar siga. Matakan da aka biya yana nufin cewa duk gwaje-gwaje da kuma kyautatawa suna kusa da al'ada. Cututtukan da suka kamu da ciwon suga sunadarin glucose ne a cikin jini, a kowane lokaci wanda ke haifar da yanayin lalataccen ciwon sukari. Sharuɗɗan biyan kuɗi suna wanzu suna tantance ko an rama masu ciwon sukari. Wadannan sun hada da:
- glycated haemoglobin;
- wani canji a cikin taro na glucose yayin cin abinci;
- fitsari sugar fitsari;
- mai nuna cholesterol;
- matakin lipid;
- taro.
Mafi nuna alama don ƙudurin cutar glycemia shine haemoglobin, wanda ke nuna menene matakin sukari ya kasance watanni 3 da suka gabata. Idan adadinsa ya wuce 7.5, to wannan yana nuna ciwon sukari a cikin matakan lalata.
Gwajin jini don sukari da safe kuma bayan abincin ya bayyana digocin glucose ta jiki, zai baka damar daidaita matakinsa kai tsaye tare da taimakon kwayoyi da abinci. Iyakar da ke sama wanda matakin sukari a cikin mai haƙuri ya kamata ya tashi kafin cin abinci: 7 mmol / l; bayan awa biyu bayan: 10 mmol / l.
Sauran alamomin masu taimako ne, tare da taimakonsu an kayyade yadda maganin yake gudana, kuma an sanya karshe game da rashin biyan diyya.
Sanadin kamuwa da cutar sankarar bargo
Babban abubuwanda ke haifar da abin da ya faru na rashin daidaituwa na ciwon sukari mellitus sune
- abincin da ba daidai ba;
- ingantaccen magani;
- danniya
- asarar ruwa a babban zazzabi.
Abinci yana da alaƙa da jiyya. Idan babu ingantaccen magani, magani na kansa ko kurakurai a cikin rubutattun magunguna, a saboda haka, daidaitaccen gyaran abinci ya faru.
Rstarfafa tunanin mutum-yana da damuwa a kan tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, saboda haka, suna iya haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a cikin haɗuwar glucose.
Wannan kuma yana haifar da cire danshi daga jiki tare da gumi saboda yawan zafin jiki.
A cikin lura da ciwon sukari na nau'in na biyu, abinci mai mahimmanci shine ainihin ɓangaren, saboda haka, kiyayewarsa yanayi ne na asali don hana canjin yanayi na ladabtarwa a cikin ɗayan. Nau'in cututtukan ƙwayar cuta 2 na mellitus shine yanayin da ba a taɓa yin kwanciyar hankali ba idan ba'a bi abinci ba, wanda a kowane lokaci yakan juye da yanayin lalacewa.
Glycemia na dogon lokaci yana haifar da rikice-rikice waɗanda ke haifar da nakasa ko mutuwa.
Rashin daidaituwa na ciwon sukari
Don ciwon sukari na mellitus, wanda ke cikin matakin lalata, da yawa rikice-rikice masu rikice-rikice da ƙananan ciwo suna bayyana. Rashin metabolism da farko yana rinjayar gabobin hangen nesa:
- toshewa baya;
- kamawa
- glaucoma
Wadannan cututtukan suna haifar da makanta marasa lafiya.
Makasudin gaba shine fata: dermatitis yana cikin fushi kuma rikicewar jijiyoyin jini a cikin kafafu sun bayyana, yana haifar da necrosis da yanki.
Kodan, zuciya, jijiyoyin jijiya suna fama da ƙoshin nama tare da glucose.
Mataki na ƙarshe na lalatawa shine cututtukan cututtukan da ke fama da cutar sankara saboda ƙwanƙwasawa, hauhawar jini.
Hypoglycemia shine saurin raguwa a cikin taro na glucose. Yana tasowa daga babban adadin insulin ko daga wani ɗan tazara tsakanin lokacin cin abinci. Yana da hankula ga irin masu ciwon sukari na 1. Kyakkyawan ji na yunwar, ƙishirwa, jin sanyi - waɗannan sune alamun farko na rashin lafiyar rashin ƙarfi. Ya isa a ci shayi mai daɗi, ku ci kowane samfurin da ke ɗauke da adadin sukari don guje wa wannan yanayin.
Hyperglycemia shine sananne ne mai yawa a cikin taro na jini yayin jini saboda ƙarancin abinci a cikin abincin. Mafi yawan al'ada a cikin nau'in masu ciwon sukari na 2. Abubuwan da suka fara bayyana sune ƙishirwa mai tsanani, ciwon kai, ƙoshin fata, yawan motsa jiki da profarfin ci. Don dakatar da tsarin, ana amfani da tsaftataccen tsarin abinci wanda ya haramta amfani da carbohydrates.
Abun harma na daga ciki yanayi ne mai sanyin hali wanda yawan sukari ya sauka zuwa 2.2 mmol / L ko ya haura sama da 16 mmol / L. Haka kuma, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, tashin zuciya, amai yana bayyana, aikin zuciya yana raunana, matsin lamba yana faduwa.
Wannan yanayin yana haɓaka daga sa'o'i da yawa zuwa kwanaki 3-4. Idan ba a dauki matakan da suka dace ba a wannan lokacin:
- gabatar da ƙarin allurai na insulin (don nau'in 1);
- iyakance yawan abincin da ake amfani da shi (na nau'in 2);
- intara yawan shan ruwa mai narkewa.
sannan yanayin mara lafiya zai kara tsananta. Alamomin da aka lissafa a sama zasu karu. Toari a garesu, polyurea (ƙarar fitar fitsari) da ƙanshin acetone daga bakin mahaifa zai fito. Shanyewar rashin ruwa a jiki zai haifar da yawan maye ga dukkan jikin kwayoyin halitta. An lalata kwakwalwa: mutum na iya kewaya cikin sarari. Janar rauni yana haifar da asarar hankali. Sakamakon zai iya zama m.
Game da coma, ana buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa na likita. Musamman mummunan sakamako na lalatawa a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, saboda yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don rage taro glucose. Dangane da wannan, ya zama dole a bi matakan rigakafin don guje wa halin zubar da cutar siga.
Rashin biyan kuɗi
Kulawa da glucose na jini da abinci yau da kullun sune matakan farko don hana sukari mai lalata.
Glucometer shine kayan aiki don auna glucose. Amfani da shi ya ba mai haƙuri damar aiwatar da irin wannan kulawa kuma daidaita yanayin abincin.
Kulawa da likitancin endocrinologist shima ya zama tilas, saboda likita kawai ne zai iya tantance matakin da ake bukata na insulin kuma ya wajabta abincin da ake bukata.
Sharuɗɗan na uku shine wajibcin yarda da maganin da aka wajabta, tare da rikodin bayanan sarrafawa a cikin bayanan.
Cikar waɗannan buƙatun wajibi ne don kula da lafiyar mara lafiya a wani matakin.
Kiwon lafiya hade ne da lafiyar mutum, da tunaninsa da kyautata rayuwarsa (kamar yadda WHO ta bayyana). Dangane da wannan kalma, zamu iya samun tushen matakan lafiyar mutum. Akwai matakai uku na yanayin jiki:
- ba tare da hane-hane ba;
- tare da ƙananan ƙuntatawa;
- tare da manyan iyakoki.
Dangane da kiwon lafiya, marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari na iya kasancewa a cikin rukuni na biyu, muddin ana aiwatar da rigakafin decompensation, kuma zuwa na uku - tare da matakan ci gaba na cutar.