Menene daidaitaccen matakin sukari na jini a cikin maza?

Matsayin sukari a cikin jikin mutum

Idan ka kwatanta jiki da mai, to sukari man ne.

Muna cin abinci iri-iri na carbohydrates, wanda aka kasu kashi uku:

• monosaccharideswanda glucose nasa ne - babban tushen samar da makamashi don tafiyar matakai cikin ciki;
• disaccharides - farin sukari, wanda yawanci muke kara abinci;
• polysaccharides - hadaddun carbohydrates, wanda aka hada da monosaccharides, amma ba lallai ba ne mai daɗin ɗanɗano (sitaci, gari).

Amma a cikin tsarin narkarda mu, dukkanin carbohydrates suna rushe zuwa cikin sugars mai sauki - “monosaccharides”, ana shakar ta jikin bangon hanji zuwa cikin jini kuma a hanta an canza zuwa glucose, wanda aka rarraba zuwa gawar jini ta kowane sel.

Hanta tana sarrafa glucose mai yawa a cikin glycogen (polysaccharide “dabba”). 2/3 na shagunan glycogen suna cikin kyallen hanta, 1/3 an sanya shi a cikin ƙwayar tsoka. Sannan ana kashe waɗannan ajiyar a cikin hutawa tsakanin abinci lokacin da glucose ya ƙare. Ci gaba da aiki da rushewar glycogen yana kula da daidaituwar glucose a cikin jini.

Insulin, kwayar halittar furotin wanda ita ce ke motsa shi, ta ba da damar glucose ya shiga sel nama. Kwayoyin sunadarai suna aiki akan tsarin jigilar glucose ta hadaddun hadaddun kwayoyin "jigilar", wanda suke a saman membranes na tsoka da mai mai. Starfafa kwararawar glucose a cikin sel yana ba da damar abin da ke cikin jini ya ragu. Hanyar samar da hormone a cikin jikin lafiya ya dogara ne da yawan sukari a cikin jini.

Ka'idodin sukari na jini a cikin maza

Sakamakon abin dogara akan yawan sukari za'a iya samu ta hanyar wucewa da jini daga yatsa ko daga wata jijiya don bincike. Abubuwa iri biyu:

• • kuna buƙatar yin bincike da safe, bayan dogon hutawa;
  • Kada ku ci sa'o'i 8-10 kafin aikin.

Yana cikin wannan halin cewa adadin glucose ya daidaita. A wannan halin, nazarin jini na venous na iya nuna sakamako mafi girma, amma ba zai bambanta da yawa ba kamar yadda aka saba (4.0-6.1 mmol / l). An fassara shi zuwa nauyin takaddara mai narkewa: 1 mmol / l = 0.0555 * mg / 100 ml.

Bayan tsawon aiki na aiki da abinci lokaci-lokaci, matakan glucose suna ƙaruwa sosai. Hankalin yana fara samar da karin insulin, wanda ke haɓaka shigarwar sukari a cikin sel sau 20-50, yana aiki da haɓakar furotin, haɓakar tsoka da aikin gaba ɗaya. Kuma glucose na jini "ya faɗi ƙasa da al'ada", musamman bayan aiki na zahiri. An lura cewa jiki mai gajiya yana da matukar rauni zuwa ɗan lokaci don tasirin cututtukan cuta, cututtuka da maye.

Iri daidaituwa na glucose a cikin jiki

Hypoglycemia	Hyperglycemia
Abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan jini na iya zama cututtukan farji, wanda ya fara samar da insulin da yawa a ciki. Cututtukan hanta, kodan, hypothalamus suma suna shafar rage yawan glucose a cikin jini.	Wannan halin yana faruwa ne ta dalilin karancin insulin, wanda ƙashin kansa ke haifar da shi, ko kuma cikas a cikin hulɗa da jijiyoyin jini da ƙwayoyin da ke cin abinci. Levelsara yawan matakan sukari suna nuna cewa sel a cikin jikin suna farawa saboda matsananciyar yunwa. Bayan aiwatar da ajiyar glycogen, wanda a cikin jiki ya isa sa'o'i 12-18, sel suna rage hanzarin tafiyar matakai na ciki, acidosis da maye suna bayyana.
Glucose a kasa da 3.0 mmol / L	Matsayin glucose ya tashi sama da 7.0 mmol / L.
Bayyanar cututtuka na karancin glucose (hypoglycemia): rauni, gajiya; bugun zuciya; daidaituwa mai daidaitawa, rawar jiki; rikicewar kwakwalwa; asarar sani.	Bayyanar cututtuka na ƙara matakan glucose: m ƙishirwa; urination akai-akai (adadi mai yawa a cikin fitsari); bushe fata da mucous membranes; tashin zuciya da amai ja da baya; hanyoyin kumburi; raunin gani (wanda ya haifar da makanta); raunuka na farji na gefe na jijiya (rawar jiki, numbness, kona); asarar sani.

A cikin mummunan yanayin cututtukan hyperglycemia, ƙwayar cuta na faruwa, haifar da mutuwa. Wadannan alamomin halayen masu cutar siga ce. Ko da wane irin nau'in cutar, yanayin mahaɗin yana nuna halayen guda ɗaya.

Menene ya kamata a yi tare da ƙara yawan glucose?

Don kare kanka daga mahaukacin glucose, kuna buƙatar yin “gwajin sukari” akai-akai, kuma a yanayin saɓanin ƙarfi da jurewa, fara magani. Shawarwarin tabbatar da matakan glucose na al'ada suna fara ne da gaba ɗaya:

• rage cin abinci mai dauke da carbohydrates wuce haddi;
• Kada ku ci "da dare";
• ƙara yawan aiki na jiki (wannan yana ƙarfafa samar da insulin);
• duba matakan haƙuri na glucose;
• gudanar da bincike mai zurfi kuma gano yanayin cutar.