Kasancewar Captopril a cikin majallar maganin gida na gida na iya taimakawa ba kawai tare da cutar hawan jini ba, har ma da alamun bayyanar nephropathy da ke tashi daga cutar sankara. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da maganin kawai ta takardar likita, kamar yadda Dos ba daidai ba na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.
ATX
C09AA01 (Captopril)
Kasancewar Captopril a cikin majallar maganin gida na gida na iya taimakawa ba kawai tare da cutar hawan jini ba, har ma da alamun bayyanar nephropathy da ke tashi daga cutar sankara.
Saki siffofin da abun da ke ciki
Shiri wani farin abu ne, mai narkewa ne a cikin methyl, ethyl giya da ruwa, tare da warin sulfur mai rauni. Rashin ƙwayar maganin a cikin ethyl acetate da chloroform tsari ne mai girma yayi muni. Maganin ba ya narke a cikin ether.
Kwayoyi
Ana samfur ɗin a cikin allunan da aka lalata don gudanarwa na cikin gida ko na biyu. Baya ga babban sashi mai aiki a cikin adadin 12.5-100 MG, kwamfutar hannu ta ƙunshi wasu abubuwa masu taimako: silicon dioxide, stearic acid, MCC, sitaci, da sauransu.
Yaya aiki?
Har yanzu ana ci gaba da nazarin aikin magungunan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.
Ressionarfafa tsarin renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana haifar da ingantaccen tasirinsa a cikin magance lalacewar zuciya da hawan jini.
Raunin da kodan ke aiki a cikin jini na jini akan plabulma globulin, wanda ke haifar da samuwar lalatawar iska da angiotensin. Sannan, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ACE (angiotensin-mai canza enzyme), wani abu mai vasoconstrictor na endogenous, angiotensin l an canza shi zuwa angiotensin ll, wanda ke ƙarfafa haɗin aldosterone ta cortex adrenal. A sakamakon haka, ana riƙe da ruwa da kuma sodium a cikin kyallen takarda.
Ayyukan Captopril shine ya raunana jimlar karfin jijiyoyin bugun jini (OPSS). A wannan yanayin, fitowar zuciya ko yana ƙaruwa ko ba ya canzawa. Yawan tacewa a cikin duniyan koda shima baya canzawa.
Farkon tasirin sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana faruwa a cikin minti 60-90 bayan ɗaukar kashi ɗaya.
An wajabta magungunan na dogon lokaci, saboda hawan jini a cikin jiragen ruwa yana raguwa a hankali a ƙarƙashin rinjayar miyagun ƙwayoyi. Tare da yin amfani da haɗin gwiwar Captopril tare da thiazide diuretics, ana lura da ƙari. Yanayin aiki a hade tare da beta-blockers ba ya haifar da fadada sakamakon.
Matsin lamba na jini ya isa lambobi na al'ada a hankali, ba tare da haifar da ci gaban tachycardia da orthostatic hypotension. Babu saurin hauhawa a cikin karfin jini kuma tare da janyewar magunguna.
Ragewar bugun zuciya, raguwa a cikin karfin jini, bugun zuciya, juriya bugun jini, haɓaka fitowar zuciya, da alamomi na gwajin haƙuri na motsa jiki duk ana lura da su a cikin masu haƙuri da tsarin cututtukan zuciya yayin aikin jiyya. Haka kuma, ana gano waɗannan tasirin a cikin marasa lafiya bayan sun ɗauki kashi na farko, suna ɗorewa a duk jiyya.
An lura da raguwa a cikin nauyin zuciya a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ilimin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya yayin jiyya tare da Captopril.
Pharmacokinetics
Abubuwan da ke aiki suna narkewa a cikin ruwan 'ya'yan ciki kuma suna shiga cikin jini ta cikin hanjin. Matsakaicin maida hankali a cikin jini ya kai a cikin awa daya.
Ta hanyar jini, sinadarin yana aiki akan enzyme na ACE a cikin huhu da ƙodan kuma yana lalata shi. An cire magungunan fiye da rabi a cikin yanayin da ba a canzawa ba. A cikin hanyar metabolite mara aiki, an keɓance ta ta hanyar kodan tare da fitsari. 25-30% na miyagun ƙwayoyi suna shiga cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da kariyar jini. Kashi 95% na kayan suna cirewa daga kodan bayan sa'o'i 24. Sa'o'i biyu bayan gudanarwa, maida hankali cikin jini ya ragu da kimanin rabi.
Rashin sakamako a cikin marasa lafiya da shan maganin yana haifar da jinkiri a cikin jiki.
Abinda ya taimaka
An yi nufin maganin ne don maganin:
- Hauhawar jini na jijiya: ana amfani da sifar kwamfutar kamar maganin farko a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke adana aikin na koda Marasa lafiya da ke fama da rauni na aikin ƙirar, musamman waɗanda ke da tsarin sihiri, bai kamata su yi amfani da shi ba idan an gano tasirin sakamako akan wasu kwayoyi. Za'a iya amfani da kayan aiki azaman maganin monotherapy ko a hade tare da sauran abubuwan magunguna.
- Sakamakon bugun zuciya: Ana amfani da maganin kwantar da hankalin mutum a hade tare da digitalis da diuretics.
- Violationeta bayan aikin infarction na aikin ventricular aikin haɓaka: ƙimar rayuwar irin waɗannan marasa lafiya yana ƙaruwa saboda raguwa a cikin kayan fitarwa na zuciya zuwa kashi 40%.
- Cutar cutar sankara ta rashin lafiya: ana bukatar rage yawan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar rage ci gaban cututtukan nephrotic. Ana amfani dashi don insulin-dogara da ciwon sukari mellitus da nephropathy tare da proteinuria fiye da 500 mg / rana.
- Rashin hauhawar jini.
Captopril an yi niyya don maganin hauhawar jini na koda.
Contraindications
Dangane da umarnin yin amfani da shi, an hana maganin a cikin:
- Rashin hankali ga masu hana ACE.
- Primary hyperaldosteronism.
- Akwai shaidun tarihi na lokuta na edema Quincke da duk wasu halayen rashin lafiyan ƙwayoyi a cikin wannan rukunin.
- Ciki
- Lactation
Hakanan ba a hana shi shan shi ba a cikin sa'o'i 36 bayan shan Valsartan kuma a hade tare da Aliskiren (wani magani da aka yi amfani da shi don ciwon sukari).
Yi la'akari da kyau, bayan tantance fa'idodi da haɗarin amfani da maganin:
- A cikin yara.
- Tare da sake haɓakar koda a cikin haƙuri.
- Game da illa mai aiki na renal.
- Tare da kumburi kafafu.
- Tare da hadin kai (idan kodan na musamman ne) ko kuma na kashin kai na asalin jijiya.
- Tare da raguwar adadin platelet da leukocytes a cikin jini.
- Tare da rage bugun jini saboda cututtukan cututtukan da ke hana ruwa gudu daga zuciya zuwa tasoshin.
- Tare da karuwa a cikin potassium a cikin jini.
Yadda ake ɗaukar captopril
A karkashin harshe ko sha
A hawan jini, dauki wasu biyu ko a baka bayan cin abinci.
Wajibi ne a sha maganin a awa daya kafin abinci, a matsayin abubuwan da ke cikin ciki na iya rage yawan abin da kashi 30-40%.
Dogon magani yana haɗuwa tare da shan maganin a ciki. Idan ana amfani da abu don kulawa ta gaggawa tare da haɓakar hawan jini da aka motsa ta hanyar motsa rai ko motsa jiki, ana ba da shi a ƙarƙashin harshe.
Har yaushe ze dauka?
Tun tuni mintina 15 bayan gudanar da maganin baka, sinadarin ya shiga cikin jini.
Tare da gudanar da sublingual, da bioavailability da kuma adadin abin da ya faru na sakamako karuwa.
Sau nawa zan iya sha
Farkon maganin yana haɗuwa tare da gudanar da aikin magani wanda aka rarraba zuwa maraice da maraice na safiya.
Maganin rashin lafiyar zuciya ya ƙunshi amfani da magani sau uku a rana. Idan manufar Captopril kadai ba zai iya rage karfin tazara ba, ana wajabta hydrochlorothiazide azaman antihypertensive na biyu. Akwai ma wani tsari na musamman wanda ya qunshi duka wadannan abubuwan guda biyu (Caposide).
Sashi
A karkashin matsin lamba
Jiyya tare da matsanancin matsin lamba an fara shi da maganin yau da kullun na 25-50 mg. Sannan ana kara yawan kashi, kamar yadda likita ya umarta, a hankali har sai karfin jini ya zama al'ada. Koyaya, yakamata ya wuce matsakaicin darajar 150 MG.
Rashin lafiyar zuciya
Kulawa da lalacewar zuciya ya ƙunshi farawa ta yin amfani da magunguna guda na 6.5-12.5 MG tare da ƙarin haɓaka idan ya cancanta.
Tare da infarction myocardial
Farkon gudanarwa yana faruwa ne a rana ta uku bayan lalacewar ƙwayar zuciya. Magungunan sun bugu bisa ga tsarin:
- 6.25 mg sau biyu kullun don kwanakin 3-4 na farko.
- A cikin mako, 12.5 mg sau 2 a rana.
- Makonni 2-3 - MG 37.5, an kasu kashi uku.
- Idan an yarda da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba tare da mummunan sakamako ba, ana daidaita adadin yau da kullun zuwa 75 MG, yana ƙaruwa kamar yadda ya wajaba ga 150 MG.
Shan maganin don ciwon sukari
Ciwon sukari mai narkewa tare da babban abun ciki na albumin a cikin fitsari yana buƙatar yin amfani da kashi biyu na kayan magani a kowace rana, daidai yake da 50 MG. Idan adadin furotin ya wuce 500 MG cikin fitsari yau da kullun - 25 MG sau uku.
Tare da ciwon sukari nephropathy
Tare da raunin masu ciwon sukari mellitus l nephropathy, kashi 75-100 mg / rana ya kasu kashi biyu.
Umarni na musamman
Amfani da barasa
Haɗewar amfani da ethanol da captopril yana haifar da karuwa a sakamakon ƙarshen saboda sakamakon vasodilating na barasa. Bayyanar cututtukan maye: syncope, rawar jiki da ba'a sarrafa ba, jin sanyi, rauni.
Bugu da kari, hadewar su ya rage matakin potassium a cikin jini saboda take hakkin shanshi. Hypokalemia na iya, akasin haka, haɓaka haɓakar jini.
Yanayin yanayin jikin mutum da adadin shan giya da aka sha yana haifar da sakamakon ƙarfin waɗannan abubuwan abubuwa guda biyu.
Tasiri kan iya tuki motocin
Tuki motoci da aiki tare da kayan aiki yana buƙatar mai da hankali sosai. miyagun ƙwayoyi suna haifar da sakamako masu illa, yawancin amfani da shi na iya haifar da hatsarori. An ba da shawarar dakatar da tuki na ɗan lokaci.
Yi amfani da lokacin daukar ciki da lactation
Magana ga mata masu juna biyu na bukatar kulawa ta musamman daga likitocin zuciya. Rashin bayanai game da yadda abu ke shafar tayin, a gaban halayen da ba su dace ba yana haifar da watsi da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba tare da wata muhimmiyar bukata ba.
Idan har yanzu an tsara maganin, za a gudanar da aikin duban dan tayi akai-akai game da tayin.
Bukatar magani don hauhawar jijiya a yayin shayarwa yana haifar da canji zuwa ciyarwar mutum. Idan, saboda wasu dalilai, dakatar da lactation ba zai yiwu ba, ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a ƙarƙashin tsananin kula da yanayin yarinyar: matakan potassium, aikin na ƙonewa, hawan jini.
Side effects
Gastrointestinal fili
- Rashin nauyi kwatsam.
- Ulcers da bushe baki, stomatitis.
- Dysphagia
- Dysgeusia.
- Bayyanar dyspeptic.
- Angioedema na hanji.
- Rashin tsarin hepatobiliary: hepatitis, cholestasis, necrosis na sel hanta.
Hematopoietic gabobin
- Agranulocytosis.
- Rage platelet da neutrophils a cikin jini.
- Eosinophils mai tsafta.
Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya
- Bacin rai, bacin rai da juyayi.
- Cramps, gait tashin hankali.
- Canje-canje a cikin yankin mai hankali: keta ƙanshi, hangen nesa, tingling a cikin gabar jiki.
- Bayyanannun apathy: rashin nutsuwa, farin ciki.
Daga tsarin numfashi
- Spasm, kumburi da na hanji.
- Konewar bango na tasoshin alveolar - ciwon huhu.
- Dry tari, shortness na numfashi.
Daga tsarin kare jini
- Proteinara furotin a cikin fitsari, oliguria, aiki mara kyau na aiki.
- Take hakkin iko.
Fata da taushi nama
- Rashin gashi.
- Exfoliative da photodermatitis.
- Necrolysis da ke haifar da cututtukan gubobi.
- Tarar mai amfani
Cutar Al'aura
Steven-Johnson ciwo, halayen anaphylactoid, Quincke edema.
Yawan damuwa
Shan allurai fiye da shawarar da aka bada shawarar na iya haifar da raguwar karfin jini. Bugu da kari, ana iya samun rikitarwa a cikin nau'in thromboembolism na manyan jijiyoyin jini, tasoshin jini na zuciya da kwakwalwa, wanda, bi da bi, na iya haifar da bugun zuciya da bugun jini.
A matsayin dabarar warkewa, ana aiwatar da ayyukan masu zuwa:
- Kurkura ciki bayan an soke ko rage yawan maganin.
- Mayar da hawan jini, ba mai haƙuri shimfiɗa a kwance tare da kafafu da aka ɗaga, sannan kuma aiwatar da haɓakar ƙwayar ƙwayar ciki, Reopoliglyukin ko plasma.
- Ceaddamar da epinephrine cikin ciki ko subcutaneously don haɓaka hawan jini. Kamar yadda wakilai masu dauke rai suke amfani da su, yi amfani da hydrocortisone da antihistamines.
- Yi hemodialysis.
Yin hulɗa tare da wasu kwayoyi
Azathioprine a hade tare da Captopril yana hana ayyukan erythropoietin, anaemia na faruwa.
Yin amfani da haɗin gwiwa tare da cytostatics - raguwa a cikin adadin farin jinin sel.
Hyperkalemia - tare da magani tare da magunguna masu amfani da daskararren potassium.
Zai iya inganta tasirin digoxin, haifar da maye.
Asfirin tare da captopril yana raunana sakamako mai illa.
Analogs
Analogues na maganin sun hada da: Kapoten, Kaptopres, Normopres, Angiopril, Blockordil, Captopril STI, AKOS, SANDOZ, FPO da sauransu.
Sun bambanta da adadin abu mai aiki a cikin kwamfutar hannu guda ɗaya, a cikin jerin ƙarin abubuwan da ba a haɗa ba. A wasu halaye, launi da launi na kwamfutar hannu na iya bambanta. Sakamakon magani na asali, Kapoten, bisa ga likitocin da ke tsara shi, ya fi ƙarfin sauran nau'ikan maganin.
Yanayin hutu don maganin komputa daga kantin magani
Abin sani kawai bisa ga girke-girke da aka rubuta akan wani nau'i na musamman a Latin, misali:
- Rp. Captoprili 0.025.
- D.t.d. N 20 a cikin tabulettis.
- S. 1 kwamfutar hannu rabin sa'a kafin abinci da safe da maraice.
An danganta Kapoten ga Captopril analogues.
An saki Captopril ne kawai a kan takardar sayan magani, wanda aka rubuta akan takamaiman tsari a Latin.
Farashin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bambanta tsakanin 9-159 rubles.
Nawa
Farashin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bambanta tsakanin 9-159 rubles.
Yanayin ajiya
Adana, yana ƙarƙashin zazzabi na + 15 ... + 25 ° C, daga isar da yara.
Rayuwar shiryayye na Captopril
Ya dace da shekaru 4.
Nazarin likitoci da marasa lafiya game da Captopril
Oksana Aleksandrovna, Pskov, likitan ilimin likitan mata: "Ina amfani da Captopril a matsayin motar asibiti don rikice-rikice. Sau da yawa ya gaza, saboda haka ya fi kyau a kula da ko kwayoyin halitta ne ko kuma ainihin magani."
Mariya, 'yar shekara 45, Moscow: "Ina shan magani a kan shawarar likitan zuciyar a yayin matsin lamba. Sakamakon bai yi muni fiye da na Moxonidine na al'ada ba. Yana yin aikin taimakonsa na farko daidai, kuma a wannan farashi mai kyau."
Vitaliy Konstantinovich, Krasnodar, likitan zuciya: “Idan mai haƙuri yana da zabi, ya haɗu da Kapoten ko Captopril, zan ba da shawarar na farko. Ee, abu mai aiki a cikin magungunan guda ɗaya ne, amma ɗaya ne na asali, na biyu kwafin ne. "Kodayake ana amfani dashi a cikin yanayi inda taimako yakamata ya kasance mai sauri da tasiri. Ina ba da shawarar Kapoten ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da matsalar tashin hankali, domin ni ma zan ɗauki wannan maganin. Hakanan, farashin ya bada damar hakan."
