Siffar babban nau'in insulin da rarrabuwarsu

Insulin shine mafi mahimmancin kwayoyin halittar jikin mutum, kamar yadda yake shiga cikin matakan metabolism, yana daidaita abubuwan da ke cikin jini, shine matakin yawan zafin jiki (glucose).

Kwayoyin suna samar da kwayar halittar ciki. Game da rushewar wannan sashin jiki a cikin jini, matakin sugars yakan tashi sosai kuma cuta ce mai haɗari kamar su mellitus diabetes.

Wannan cuta tana tilasta wa mutum ya daidaita abincinsa kuma ya yi amfani da maganin kulawa.

Rashin kwayar halittar da aka samar, wanda ke karya sikari da sauri a cikin matsakaici na jini, ya kasance tare da taimakon magungunan maye gurbin, yana haifar da nau'ikan insulin da suka wajaba a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Iri nau'ikan homon da bambancinsu

Ciwon sukari (mellitus) yana tilasta yin amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan insulin. Kowane hormone haifuwa yana da halaye na mutum. Godiya ga waɗannan fasalulluka, yana yiwuwa a zaɓi magani don halayen mutum na jikin mutum, amma irin waɗannan abubuwan ba yawanci ba ne.

Kowane magani ya bambanta da analogues a lokacin tasirinsa akan jiki da kuma kololuwar aiki. Specialistwararren ƙwararren masani ne kawai (likita) zai iya zaɓar mafi kyawun zaɓi don maganin kulawa don haƙuri, dangane da tsananin cutar.

Babban nau'in hormone:

1. Insulin, wanda aka samo shi daga cututtukan dabbobi na kiwo (shanu, bijimai). Ya ƙunshi ƙarin amino acid 3 waɗanda ba su cikin ƙwayoyin mutum, don haka wannan ƙwayar za ta iya haifar da wasu halayen rashin lafiyan.
2. Magunguna sun dogara da yanayin aladu. Abubuwan da suke tattare da sunadarai sunada kusa da kwayoyin halittar mutum, banda banbancin bambance bambancen amino acid daya daga sarkar sunadaran.
3. Nau'in hormone mai rarest shine whale, yana da matsakaicin bambance-bambance a cikin kayan kwatancen idan aka kwatanta da insulin na mutum, saboda haka ana amfani dashi a cikin lokuta na rarest.
4. Mafi kyawun nau'in hormone shine tushen mutum. Ana yin wannan analog ɗin ne daga ainihin ƙwaƙwalwar 'Escherichia coli' (ƙwayoyin insulin na ainihi na mutum) ko kuma ta hanyar injiniyan gyare-gyare na kwayoyin halittar ƙwayar porcine (maye gurbin “amino acid ɗin da bai dace ba”).

Lokacin fallasa kowane nau'in magani shine mutum, don haka zaɓin da ya dace na haɓakar hormone yana da mahimmanci musamman ga kowane haƙuri.

Dangane da tsawon lokacin maganin, sun kasu kashi biyu:

1. Mafi sauri aiki (matsanancin ƙarancin). Magungunan yana fara aiki bayan mintuna 15-30 kuma ya isa matsakaicin sakamako a cikin sa'o'i 2-3, ya kasance har zuwa 6 hours. Aiwatar da insulin kafin abinci, wani wuri a cikin minti 30, ɗaukar shi da ɗan adadin abincin wuta mai sauƙi.
2. Saurin aiki (mai sauki). Yana da tasiri mai sauri, yana faruwa bayan awa daya. Lokacin bayyanarsa yana da iyaka zuwa awanni 4, kuma ana amfani dashi kai tsaye kafin ko bayan abinci.
3. Tsawon lokaci. Ayyukan miyagun ƙwayoyi yana farawa sa'a daya bayan gudanarwa, kuma mafi girman tasirin yana faruwa a tsakanin 5-9 hours kuma yana ɗaukar tsawon awanni 19 a jere. Sau da yawa, mara lafiya yana ɗaukar allura sau daya a lokaci guda saboda jinkirin da aka samu wajen ɗaukar wannan magani.
4. Dogon aiki. Yana da tsawon lokacin bayyanuwa har zuwa awanni 27. Yana fara aikinsa bayan sa'o'i 4, mafi girman sa yana faruwa bayan awanni 7 zuwa 17.

Short takaice kwayoyi

Wannan rukunin na kwayoyin sun hada da magungunan ultrashort da insulins na gajere.

Hotunan Ultrashort suna da sakamako mafi sauri kuma nan da nan rage sukari. Ana ɗaukar su jim kaɗan kafin abinci.

Babban nau'ikan wannan nau'in magungunan sun hada da:

1. Humalogue. Ana amfani dashi don: nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 na 1, rashin haƙuri ga magunguna masu kama, juriya na insulin da cuta ta 2 (a cikin yanayin inda wasu kwayoyi ba su da tasiri da ake so).
2. NovoRapid. Akwai shi a cikin akwati tare da ƙaramin 3 ml, wanda ya dace da abubuwan da ke cikin raka'a 300 na hormone. Wataƙila mata masu juna biyu zasu iya amfani da ita.
3. Apidra. Ana amfani dashi don dalilai na magani, duka manya da yara sama da shekaru 6, ta amfani da tsarin tushen famfo ko hanyar gudanar da mulki.

Insan gajeren zango suna fara aiki a cikin rabin sa'a kuma suna aiki har zuwa 6 hours. Ana amfani dasu kafin fara cin abinci a cikin minti 20. Ana iya amfani dasu a cikin tandem tare da kwayoyi masu amfani da dogon lokaci.

Babban wakilan sune:

1. Nakamaka NM An samo insulin ta hanyar masana'antar injiniya. An shigar dashi ta allurar subcutaneous ko ta hanyar jijiya. Ana bayar da shi ne gwargwadon rubutaccen likita.
2. Humodar R. Magungunan yana kan sashi-na roba.
3. Tsarin Humulin. Ana amfani dashi a farkon matakan gano cutar, an ba shi izinin amfani da mata masu juna biyu.
4. Monodar. Amfani da shi don ciwon sukari mellitus 1 da 2.

Ana amfani da dukkan nau'ikan magunguna masu tallafawa masu amfani da kwayoyin cutar kafin abinci, kamar yadda tsarin narkewa yake taimakawa hanzarta aiwatar da shan maganin a cikin hanzari. Hormones na ultrafast da saurin aiki ana yarda a ɗauka ta baki, bayan kawo su zuwa yanayin ruwa.

Game da tsarin kulawa da ƙananan ƙwayoyi na maganin, dole ne a aiwatar da irin wannan hanya ba kafin rabin sa'a kafin cin abinci. Doses na miyagun ƙwayoyi ga kowane mai haƙuri cikakke ne mutum kuma likita ne ke halartar shi. Dosages ga manya na iya zuwa daga raka'a 8 zuwa 23 a kowace rana, kuma ga yara - banda 9 raka'a.

Kwayoyin halittun da aka kera suna riƙe da kaddarorin su a yanayin zafi daga digiri 2 zuwa 8, saboda haka ana adana su a cikin firiji.

Magunguna

Wannan nau'in magungunan yana da sakamako mai tsawo.

Akwai nau'ikan magunguna 2:

• a kan kwayoyin halittar mutum (haduwar su), kamar: Protafan, Homolong, da sauransu .;
• a kan dabbobin dabba, misali: Berlsulin, Iletin 2 da sauransu.

Matsayi na tsaka-tsakin yanayi yana motsa tasirin su a cikin mintina 15 bayan shigowa, amma ana samun sakamako cikakke bayan lokaci mai mahimmanci.

Wannan rukunin magungunan ya ƙunshi abubuwa a kan wani aiki na daban, misali, zinc da makawun.

Dogon aiki

Magunguna na wannan rukuni suna aiki a jikin mai haƙuri har kwana ɗaya ko fiye. Dukkanin nau'ikan magunguna na dogon lokaci ana yin su ne ta tushen abubuwan da ke haifar da sinadarai, waɗanda ke ƙayyade irin waɗannan alamu na tsawon lokaci.

'' Tsawon lokaci '' insulins suna taimakawa jinkiri don karɓar sukari cikin jini kuma suna iya yin tasirin aikinsu har zuwa awanni 30 a jere.

Shahararrun mashahuran sun hada da:

• mafi mashahuri: Determid, Glargin (a ko'ina ƙananan matakan sukari);
• babu ƙananan samfuran gama gari: Ultralente-Iletin-1, Ultralgon, Ultratard.

Don kawar da bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan da ba a buƙata ba, ya kamata ka tuntuɓi ƙwararrun likitanci waɗanda zasu taimaka wajen ƙaddara yawan ƙwayar magunguna gwargwadon sigogi na bincike.

Ana amfani da insulins masu tsayi da yawa ta hanyar allura.

Yanayin ajiya don kowane nau'in kwayoyi a cikin wannan jagora daidai yake. Hakanan za'a iya ajiye ampoules tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin firiji. Sai kawai a yanayin zafi ƙarancin magunguna waɗanda ba sa haɗuwa da samuwar granules ko flakes.

Fitowar digiri na tsarkakewa

Abubuwan da ke aiki da hormonal suna haɗuwa don buƙatu daban-daban. Ana samun samfurin ƙarshe ta amfani da digiri daban-daban na tsarkakewa.

Tebur na digiri na tsarkakewar kwayoyin:

Karatun Bidiyo akan nau'ikan da rarrabuwa na hormone:

Babban bambance-bambance tsakanin insulin gajere da tsayi

Abubuwan da ke banbanta na insulin gajeriyar aiki:

• ana shan magani rabin sa'a kafin cin abinci.
• don ƙarin farawa da sauri, yana allurar cikin yanki ƙarƙashin ƙasa tare da allura;
• dole ne allurar ta zama tilas a hada shi da wani karin abinci don ware yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar kamar su ƙurawar jini.

Abubuwan rarrabe abubuwa na hormone mai aiki da dadewa:

• ana gudanar da wannan nau'in magani a wani lokaci (kullun a cikin sa'o'i iri ɗaya da safe ko da yamma). Yakamata allurar asuba a yi tare da allurar insulin cikin sauri;
• don jinkirta shan maganin a cikin jini, an yi allura a cikin cinyar cinya na kafa;
• wannan nau'in hormone ba ya dogara da tsarin abinci ba.

Daga halaye na sama na kowane nau'in magani, ana iya ƙarasa da cewa zaɓin insulin da ya dace, sashi da yadda yake shiga jikin mutum ya dogara da dalilai da yawa.

Don sanin hanyar da ba za a bi ba, sai a tuntuɓi likitanka.