Bayyanar cututtuka da magani na retinopathy na ciwon sukari

Lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki ana ɗauka ɗayan rikice-rikice mafi rikice-rikice a kan asalin dogon tafarkin ciwon sukari da kuma lalata cutar.

Rashin ƙwayoyin cuta na microangiopathic yana ci gaba a cikin jinkirin, saboda haka mutane da yawa marasa lafiya na dogon lokaci ba su lura da alamun bayyanar yanayin wannan yanayin ba.

Rage ƙarancin gani na ma'ana yana nuna alamun farko na cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.

Idan babu mahimman hanyoyin warkewa da nufin rage ci gaban ilimin cuta, mutum na iya zama makaho gaba ɗaya.

Sanadin da Matsalar Hadarin

Retinopathy, a matsayin ɗayan rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, ana saninsa da lalacewar tasoshin retina. Cutar tana da lamba daidai da ICD 10 - H36.0.

Ana bayyana haɗaɗɗun cikin canje-canje masu zuwa ga hanyoyin jini:

• yawansu yana ƙaruwa;
• mulkin kama-karya yana faruwa;
• sabbin tasoshin da aka kafa;
• suturar tabo

Hadarin rikitarwa yana ƙaruwa a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ƙwarewar cutar su ta wuce shekaru 5. Da farko, ba a haɗo da cutar ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka ba, amma yayin da yake ci gaba, yana tasiri hangen nesa na mai haƙuri da ingancin rayuwa.

Ganuwar su tana kunshe da sel guda na sel masu saurin girma da zasu rushe koda lokacin baccin mutum. Damagearancin lalacewar ganuwar jijiyoyin jiki yana haifar da ƙananan basur, saboda haka ana dawo da retina cikin sauri.

Ta hanyar katsewa, hanyoyin da ba a jujjuyawa sun faru, suna haifar da canji na kashin baya, kuma a wasu halaye har ma zuwa ci gaban tsokar fibrous. A sakamakon haka, mutum na iya zama makaho.

Retinopathy abubuwan haddasawa:

• ƙwarewar ciwon sukari;
• dabi'un glycemic;
• rashin cin nasara na koda
• dyspidemia;
• dabi'u masu hauhawar jini;
• kiba
• ciki
• kasancewar cutar sikila;
• magadan gado;
• shan taba

Mutanen da ba su kula da ƙimar glycemic na yau da kullun sun fi haɗari ga rikice-rikice masu yawa ba.

Tsarin aji

Retinopathy yayin ci gabanta ya wuce matakai da yawa:

1. Wadanda ba mai yaduwa ba. A wannan gaba, haɓakar ƙwayar cuta ta fara ne saboda yawan abubuwan glucose a cikin jinin marasa lafiya. Ganuwar tasoshin suna raunana, saboda haka basur na faruwa kuma ana ƙaruwa da jijiyoyin jini. Sakamakon irin waɗannan canje-canjen shine bayyanar kumburin retina. Retinopathy na iya faruwa a wannan matakin na shekaru da yawa ba tare da alamu mai tsanani ba.
2. Kayan aiki. Don wannan matakin ya faru, yanayi kamar tsallakewar ƙwayar carotid, myopia ko atrophy na jijiya na opiciki ya zama dole. Raunin marasa lafiya yana raguwa da yawa saboda rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen a cikin retina.
3. Proliferative. A wannan gaba, wurare na retina tare da yaduwar nakasa yana ƙaruwa. Oxygen yunwa na sel da sakin takamaiman abubuwa suna haifar da ci gaban sabbin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini. Sakamakon irin waɗannan canje-canje sune basur da yawa da kumburi.

Cutar Ciwon Cutar Cutar Ciwon Mara

An bayyana ingancin cutar a cikin gaskiyar cewa ci gabanta da ci gaba yana faruwa ba tare da alamun bayyanar cututtuka da jin zafi ba. A farkon bayyanar bayyanar cututtukan kwayoyin cuta, an lura da 'karamin lalacewa a cikin hangen nesa, kuma maki ya bayyana a gaban idanun wadanda sakamakon sakamakon shigar jini cikin jikin jiki yake.

Harshen macma yana tsokani wasu lokuta wani yanayi na jin abubuwanda ke bayyane ga mutum, wahalar karatu ko aikata kowane irin aiki a kusancinsa.

A matakin karshe na ci gaba, rikice-rikice na iya faruwa kuma suka wuce kansu - duhu aibobi ko labule a gaban idanun, waɗanda sune sakamakon cututtukan jini guda ɗaya. Tare da babban rauni na jijiyoyin jiki, hangen nesa yana raguwa sosai ko kuma asarar gaba ɗaya ta faru.

Bayyanar cutar

Bayyanar cututtuka na farko game da retinopathy yana ƙara haɓaka damar haƙuri na riƙe hangen nesa da hana cikakken ɓarna na baya.

Hanyar Bincike:

1. Visiometry An bincika inganci da jijiyoyin gani ta amfani da tebur na musamman.
2. Mai Lantarki. Wannan hanyar tana baka damar sanin yanayin kallon idanun. Kasancewar tabbatacciyar lalacewar cornea a mafi yawan lokuta ana nuna shi ta hanyar raguwa a fagen kallon mai haƙuri da keɓaɓɓu idan aka kwatanta da lafiyayyen mutum.
3. Halittun kwayoyin An gudanar da binciken ne ta hanyar amfani da fitila ta musamman a lokacin bincike na kashin baya na idanu kuma zai ba da damar gano cin zarafi a cikin cornea ko retina.
4. Diaphanoscopy. Hanyar tana sa ya yiwu a gano kasancewar ƙwayar tarin kuɗin kumbura. Ya dogara ne akan jarrabar kuɗin ta hanyar madubi na musamman.
5. Kwakwalwarcin
6. Nazarin duban dan tayi Ana amfani dashi a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda aka riga aka gano opacities na jikin vitreous, cornea ko ruwan tabarau.
7. Labarun Binciken ya wajaba don tantance ayyukan retina, kazalika da jijiyoyi masu ƙoshin jijiyoyi.
8. Gonioscopy Wannan hanyar ganowa tana sa ya yiwu a yi rijistar kwararar jini a cikin tasoshin kuma gano cin zarafi a cikin sashe na asusun.

Mitar binciken da kwararrun likitan likitan dabbobi suka dogara da shi na tsawon lokacin da yake dauke da cutar, an bayyanar da abubuwan da suka faru akan asalin cutar da shekarun sa.

Kwanakin bincike (na farko):

• Shekaru 5 bayan da aka gano ciwon sukari a cikin marasa lafiya da ke ƙasa da shekara 30;
• idan an gano cutar sankarau a cikin mutane sama da 30;
• a cikin farkon sati na 1 na ciki.

Ya kamata a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun a kowane watanni shida. Idan marasa lafiya suna da raunin gani ko hanyoyin bincike a cikin retina, likita zai ƙaddara lokacin jarrabawar. Rushewar yanayi a hangen nesa yakamata ya zama wani biki na musamman ga likitan likitan ido.

Abubuwan bidiyo akan abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanar cututtukan fata:

Jiyya na Pathology

Ka'idojin matakan warkewa sun danganta ne da kawar da rikice-rikice na rayuwa da saka idanu kan matakin glucose a cikin jini, hawan jini da sanya idanu kan lafiyar jiki. An tsara ta hanyar magani ba kawai daga likitan likitan ido ba, har ma da likitancin endocrinologist.

Kulawar Retinopathy ya haɗa da waɗannan ayyukan:

• sarrafa glycemia, kazalika da glucosuria;
• m manne wa abinci na musamman;
• zaɓin tsarin insulin na likita;
• shan angioprotector, magungunan antihypertensive;
• yin allura na steroid intravitreal;
• laser coagulation na wuraren da abin ya shafa na retina.

Fa'idodin maganin Laser:

• hanawa tsarin neovascularization kuma yana hana kamewar baya;
• yayin wannan aikin, ana yin ƙone ƙone da girma dabam-dabam akan farjin, wanda ke rage sashin aikinta kuma yana haifar da haɓakar jini a cikin ɓangaren tsakiya;
• yana cire tasoshin tare da cikakkiyar cuta;
• yana ƙarfafa ci gaban sabbin hanyoyin jini.

Iri coagulation na laser:

1. Shamaki. Hanyar ta ƙunshi amfani da coagulates na paramacular a cikin layuka, ana amfani dashi don haɓaka kumburi tare da edema macular.
2. Mai da hankali. Wannan nau'in coagulation ana yin shi ne don sanya ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da aka gano yayin angiography.
3. Jin zafi. A kan aiwatar da wannan nau'in laser coagulation na laser, ana amfani da coagulates zuwa duk yankin na retina, ban da yankin macular. Wannan ya zama dole don hana ci gaba na retinopathy.

Additionalarin hanyoyin magani:

1. Mai Taimakawa Mai Tsarin Kaiwa - yana shafan wuraren da lalacewar cikin ɗakin ido, yana haifar da girgijewar tsarin idanu.
2. Kwakwalwa. Ana amfani da hanyar don cire vitreous, yi dissection na igiyar ruwan haɗin haɗin gwiwa, da kuma haɗawa da tasoshin zub da jini. Mafi yawan lokuta ana amfani da mannewa don shawo kan fata, wanda ya haɓaka a matakin ƙarshe na maganin retinopathy.

Magunguna da ake yawan amfani da su ga retinopathy sune:

• Decinon
• Trental;
• Divaxan
• "Ciwon ciki."

Hasashen da Rigakafin

Retinopathy a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus ne kawai za'a iya cin nasara cikin farkon matakan da aka bunkasa.

A cikin matakan karshe na ci gaban cutar, da yawa hanyoyin warkewa marasa inganci.

Abin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari su aiwatar da hanyoyin kariya daga likitoci, waɗanda suka haɗa da maki 3:

1. Kulawa da matakan sukari na jini.
2. Kula da ƙimar jini a tsakanin iyakoki na al'ada.
3. Yarda da tsarin kula da allurar da aka tsara dangane da yin amfani da magunguna masu rage sukari ko yin allurar insulin karkashin kasa.

Ziyara ta lokaci zuwa likitan likitan ido na baiwa marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari damar kiyaye hangen nesa na tsawon lokaci kuma zai iya hana sakamakon da ba za a iya sakewa daga cutar da ke lalata da kuma lalata retina ba.