Tsarin aikin saxagliptin akan jiki a cikin ciwon sukari

Yawancin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a duniya yana girma, wannan saboda yanayin rayuwar mutane ne da abinci mai yawa. Koyaya, ilimin kimiyyar halittu bai tsaya cik ba, yana haɓaka sabbin abubuwa don maganin ciwon sukari.

Ofaya daga cikin sababbin azuzuwan irin waɗannan abubuwa shine incimein mimetics, wanda ya haɗa da saxagliptin (saxagliptin).

Hanyar aiwatar da abubuwan incretins

Abubuwan da ke cikin ciki sune hormones na mutum wanda ke haifar da hanji yayin da abinci ya shiga ciki. Sakamakon aikinsu, samar da insulin yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke taimakawa glucose, wanda aka saki yayin narkewar abinci.

Har wa yau, an gano nau'ikan abubuwan maye iri biyu:

• GLP-1 (glucone-like peptide-1);
• ISU (polypeptide insulinotropic).

Masu karɓar farkon suna cikin gabobin daban-daban, wanda ke ba shi damar nuna tasirin sakamako. Na biyu ana sarrafawa ta hanyar masu karɓa na β-cell.

Daga cikin manyan hanyoyin aikinsu sune:

• increasedarin ɓoyewar ƙwayar insulin ta kwayoyin ƙwayar cuta;
• rage gudu narkewar ciki;
• raguwa a cikin aikin glucagon;
• rage cin abinci da jin cikakken ciki;
• haɓaka zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kyakkyawan sakamako akan tsarin mai juyayi.

Tare da haɓaka haɓakar insulin, glucose ya fi dacewa, amma idan ya zama al'ada, tsarin ɓoyewa ya tsaya kuma mutumin ba shi da haɗarin hypoglycemia. Rage yawan glucagon, mai adawa da insulin, yana haifar da rage yawan amfani da hanta glycogen da sakin glucose kyauta, yayin da lokaci guda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka yawan amfani da glycogen a cikin tsokoki. Sakamakon haka, ana amfani da glucose kai tsaye a wurin samarwa, ba tare da shiga cikin jini ba.

Lokacin da aka saki hancin ciki, abinci yakan shiga hanjin cikin karamin rabo, wanda hakan zai rage adadin yawan glucose a cikin jini kuma, saboda haka, haɓaka cikin hankalinsa. Yin aiki a cikin kananan karami, jiki ne ya fi sauƙin samunshi. A wannan yanayin, raguwar ci abinci yana iyakance yawan damuwa.

Sakamakon tsarin jijiyoyin jini ya zuwa yanzu kawai an lura da shi, amma ba a yi nazari ba. An gano cewa abubuwan ciki wadanda suke taimaka wa kwayoyin halittar panc-sel na da sauri.

Ba shi yiwuwa a sami kwayoyin halittar a cikin tsarkakakkiyar sifarsu a cikin wadataccen adadin, sabili da haka, masana kimiyya sun kirkiro alamun analogues waɗanda ke yin irin waɗannan ayyukan:

• farfado da sakamakon glucone-kamar peptide-1;
• rage tasirin enzymes mai lalacewa, don haka tsawanta rayuwar hormones.

Saxagliptin na rukuni na biyu.

Sakin Fom

Saxagliptin wani ɓangare ne na miyagun ƙwayoyi Onglisa, yana aiki azaman mai hanawa na DPP-4. Wannan kayan aikin ba shi cikin jerin zaɓe na tarayya ba, amma ana iya ba wa marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari ta hanyar ba da kasafin kuɗin cikin ƙasa.

Ana samun maganin ta hanyar Allunan tare da harsashi mai launin rawaya, dauke da 2.5 mg na saxagliptin ko 5 MG na hydrochloride. Abun da ya ƙunshi ya haɗa da kayan haɗin da ke inganta tasirin aiki mai aiki. Allunan ana yiwa lakabi da alamar sashi.

Allunan an cika su cikin aljihun kunshin 10 guda da akwatin kwali.

Manuniya da contraindications

Ana ba da shawarar shirye-shiryen Saxagliptin don amfani da:

1. Matakan masu ciwon suga, lokacinda matakan gargajiya suka hada da abinci, motsa jiki da sauran shawarwari basa taimako. Kayan aiki yana ba ku damar dakatar da lalata β-sel kuma hakan yana hana ci gaban cututtukan type 2;
2. Kasancewar cutar sankarau. A wannan yanayin, ana iya amfani da kayan aiki azaman magani mai zaman kanta ko a hade tare da wasu magunguna:
   • Metformin;
   • insulin;
   • Abubuwan da suka samo asali na sulfonylurea;
   • karafarinas

Contraindications zuwa shan miyagun ƙwayoyi sune:

• nau'in ciwon sukari na 1;
• mai saurin kamuwa da cutar daga kowane bangare na maganin;
• babban hankali ga DPP-4 inhibitors;
• kasancewar cutar ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari;
• rashin daidaituwa na lactose da rashi lactase, cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na glucose-galactose malabsorption;
• lokacin gestation da lactation;
• karamin shekaru.

A cikin waɗannan halayen, ana amfani da analogues na miyagun ƙwayoyi ko kudade tare da abun daban.

Ingancin farawa fargliptin + metformin

Umarnin don amfani

Allunan ana daukar su a baki ba tare da la’akari da yawan abinci ba. An hadiye maganin kawanin duk an wanke shi da ruwa kadan. Sashi ya dogara da nau'in warkewa da lafiyar mai haƙuri.

Tare da amfani daban, ana shawarar saxagliptin don ɗaukar 5 MG sau ɗaya a rana.

A haɗuwa da magani tare da wasu magungunan masu ciwon sukari, sashi shine 5 MG kowace rana, iri ɗaya ya shafi ƙari na abubuwan haɗin da aka riga aka yi amfani da su na wakilai na hypoglycemic tare da saxagliptin.

A matakin farko na yin amfani da abu tare da metformin, satin da za'a iya tabbatar dashi shine milligram 5, kuma metformin shine milligrams 500 a rana.

Ga marasa lafiya da cututtukan koda, ana rage sashi zuwa 2.5 MG kowace rana. Idan ana amfani da cutar sankara (hemodialysis), maganin yana bugu bayan kammalawa. Ba a bincika sakamakon maganin ba yayin binciken diyya. A kowane hali, kafin rubuta magani, masana sun ba da shawara suyi binciken kodan mai haƙuri.

Ga marasa lafiya da cututtukan aikin hanta, gyaran kashi ba lallai ba ne. Ana aiwatar da jiyya gwargwadon shawarwarin gabaɗaya. Wannan kuma ya shafi tsofaffi marassa lafiya, muddin basu da matsalolin koda.

Ba a gudanar da binciken sakamakon tasirin kwayoyi a cikin tayin cikin mata masu ciki da ƙananan yara ba a gudanar da su. Saboda haka, yana da wuya a iya faɗi abin da zai haifar. Ga waɗannan marasa lafiya, ana amfani da sauran wakilan da aka tabbatar da yawanci. Idan mace ta dauki saxacgliptin yayin shayarwa, to ya kamata ta ki ciyarwa.

Game da batun gudanarwa na lokaci daya tare da masu hana aiki na CYP3A4 / 5, an rage yawan maganin yau da kullun.

Waɗannan sune magunguna masu zuwa:

• Ketoconazole;
• Clarithromycin;
• Atazanavir;
• Indinavir;
• Nefazodon;
• Itraconazole;
• Ritonavir;
• Telithromycin;
• Nelfinavir;
• Saquinavir da sauransu.

Lokacin ɗaukar saxagliptin, mai haƙuri ya ci gaba da aiwatar da shawarwarin gaba ɗaya game da tsarin abinci, ƙoshin motsa jiki na jiki da kuma sa ido kan yanayin tunanin mutum-da-rai.

Side effects da yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Magungunan ba su da wata illa. Babban fa'idarsa shine rashin haɗarin hauhawar jini.

Koyaya, kamar kowane magani na roba, yana shafar tsarin aikin jiki, yana ba da gudummawa ga canji, wanda zai haifar da:

• ci gaban cututtukan cututtuka na tsarin numfashi;
• rikicewar dyspeptic;
• sinusitis
• bayyanar ciwon kai;
• gastroenteritis;
• ci gaban kumburi a cikin tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Lokacin lura da kowane ɗayan waɗannan alamun, ya kamata ka kai ƙara ga likitan da ke halartar wanda zai zaɓi ƙarin matakan da ya dace na magani ko canza shi zuwa wasu allunan.

Ba a gano yawan ƙarin yawa a cikin gwaji na asibiti ba, yayin da aka yi amfani da yawaitar 80 sau mafi girma fiye da shawarar da aka yi amfani da su. Idan akwai alamun alamun yawan ƙwayar cuta (tashin zuciya, amai, gudawa, zazzabi, ciwon kai, rauni, da sauransu), ana gudanar da aikin ne bisa ga alamu tare da saurin cire magunguna daga jiki, wanda shine mafi sauƙin yi ta hanyar hemodialysis.

Idan aka haɗu da wasu kwayoyi, ba a gano karkatar da magana. Koyaya, amfani da na lokaci guda tare da metformin da thiazolidinediones ba a yi nazarin su ba.

Bidiyo daga gwani:

Menene zai iya maye gurbin saxagliptin?

Yin amfani da saxagliptin a matsayin babban bangaren yana haɓaka ne kawai a cikin maganin Onglise, idan mai haƙuri yana da sakamako masu illa, dole ne ya yi amfani da analogues, wanda ya haɗa da sauran masu hana enzyme na DPP-4:

1. Januvia - ofayan kayan aikin farko na wannan nau'in, wanda aka haɓaka a Amurka. Ya tabbata a cikin sashi na 25, 50 da 100 MG. Ka'idojin yau da kullun sun kusan 100 MG. Tasirin maganin yana kusan kwana ɗaya. Wasu lokuta ana yin shi a ƙarƙashin alamar YanuMet, wanda ƙari kuma ya ƙunshi metformin.
2. Galvus - wani magani ne da aka samar a Switzerland, ana amfani dashi a cikin sashi na 50 MG kowace rana ko fiye, ana amfani dashi sau da yawa tare da insulin.
3. Nesina - wanda aka samar a cikin Ireland, ya dogara da apolgiptin benzoate tare da sashi na 12.5 ko 25 mg. Ana daukar kwamfutar hannu 1 sau ɗaya a rana.
4. Vipidia - babban sinadarin alogliptin na miyagun ƙwayoyi, wanda ke da irin wannan sakamako, ana ɗauka sau ɗaya a rana a sashi na 25 MG.
5. Trazhenta - kayan aiki wanda ya danganci linagliptin, an gano shi a cikin nau'ikan Allunan 5 MG waɗanda aka ɗauka a baka.

Ana amfani da wasu analogues waɗanda suke da tsarin daban, amma irin tsarin aikin aiki. Farashin magunguna ya bambanta dangane da ƙasar da aka samar da magunguna.

Farashin magungunan Onglisa, wanda ya hada da saxagliptin, daga 1700 zuwa 1900 rubles.

Sabuwar ƙarni na kwayoyi suna ba da damar magance matsalolin tasirin glucose a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari cikin sauri da sauƙi.

Duk da yake jerin su har yanzu ba su da faɗi sosai, ana samar da magani ɗaya kawai akan saxagliptin, wanda ke da tasirin gaske a cikin maganin cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta kuma baya haifar da yanayin hauhawar jini. A lokaci guda, akwai alamun analogues dauke da wani abu mai aiki daban, amma tare da irin wannan sakamako na warkewa.