Ciwon sukari mellitus hanya ce ta yanayin ƙwayar cutar hanji, wanda ana nuna shi sakamakon gazawar sa a cikin aikin ƙwayar ƙwayar carbohydrate. An bambanta nau'ikan cututtukan guda biyu dangane da tsarin haɓakar cutar: insulin-insulin-insulin-insulin-non-insulin-dogara.
Nau'in nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari yana haɗuwa da rashin iyawa na tsibirin na bakin ciki na Langerhans-Sobolev don samar da isasshen ƙwayar insulin, wanda ke da hannu cikin rushewar glucose. Nau'in cuta na 2 ana nuna shi ta hanyar raguwar hankalin ƙwayoyin sel zuwa insulin a matakin al'ada na aikinta. Sakamakon duka nau'ikan cutar iri ɗaya ne - hyperglycemia.
Karatun glucose na yau da kullun
Akwai wani yanayin da ake kira prediabetes. Wannan zamani ne da ke gab da cutar kuma ana nuna shi da matakin sukari na jini sama da na al'ada, amma bai isa ba don yin binciken cutar sankarau. A wannan yanayin, ana nuna ƙimar glucose a cikin tebur (a mmol / l).
| Mai bayarwa | Mafi qarancin | Matsakaici |
| Manya da yara daga shekara 5 | 5,6 | 6 |
| Daga shekara zuwa shekara 5 | 5,1 | 5,4 |
| Daga haihuwa zuwa shekara | 4,5 | 4,9 |
Kirkirar jini
Indicididdigar alamomin alamun glucose a cikin ƙwayar cuta da jini mai bambancin jini ya bambanta. Lokacin ɗaukar abu daga jijiya, ana sanin sakamakon gobe gobe (mafi tsayi fiye da lokacin bincike daga yatsa). Babban sakamako bai kamata ya zama mai ban tsoro ba, tunda koda 6 mmol / L ana ɗaukar matakin al'ada na sukari na yara fiye da shekaru 5 da manya.
Yawan karuwa a cikin sukari
Anara yawan adadin glucose na iya zama sanadin cututtukan cuta (wanda ya samo asali daga asalin cutar) da kimiyyar lissafi (tsokana da wasu dalilai na waje ko na ciki, yana da yanayi na ɗan lokaci, ba alama ce ta cutar ba).
Increasearfafa ilimin halittar jini a cikin sukari na jini na iya zama sanadiyyar waɗannan abubuwan:
- yawan motsa jiki;
- yanayi na damuwa;
- shan taba;
- liyafar banbanci;
- amfani da magungunan steroid;
- yanayin haihuwar mace;
- a takaice bayan cin abinci.
Aiki na jiki shine ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya
Ka'idar sukari tare da tsari mai zaman kanta
Atorsididdigar alamomi na yau da kullun na glucose a cikin sukari na mellitus na nau'in insulin mai cin gashin kansa bai bambanta da adadi na mutum mai lafiya ba. Wannan nau'in cutar ba ya haifar da sauyawa sosai a cikin alamun. A mafi yawan halayen, yana yiwuwa a koya game da kasancewar cutar sankara kawai bayan wucewa gwaje-gwaje, saboda alamomin raunin insulin rashin hankali suna da sauƙi.
Asibitin babban sukari
Bayyanar cututtukan hyperglycemia a cikin cututtukan da ba su da insulin-insulin-jini ba, a farkon kallo, na iya haɗu da alamun bayyanar cututtukan nau'in 1:
- jin ƙishirwa;
- bushe bakin
- polyuria;
- rauni da gajiya;
- nutsuwa
- jinkirin raguwa a cikin ƙarfin gani.
Amma asibitin ba ya haifar da babbar barazana ga jikin mai haƙuri. Babbar matsalar ita ce matakan sukari na jini sama da na al'ada su ne sakamakon karancin aiki da kodan, keɓaɓɓen tsarin jijiyoyin jini, wurare dabam dabam na jini, mai nazarin gani, da kuma tsarin jijiyoyin jini.
Na farko alamun hyperglycemia
Ya kamata ku sanya idanu sosai a jikin ɗan adam, sanin lokaci na tsalle-tsalle cikin matakan sukari na jini sama da na al'ada. Babban lokacin nan da nan bayan an ci abinci an ɗauke shi mai haɗari. A irin waɗannan halayen, zaku iya ganin gaban ƙarin alamun bayyanuwar cutar:
- dogayen raunuka marasa warkarwa, amai a fata da huhun mucous;
- seizures a sasann bakin;
- ƙaruwar gumis na jini;
- rage aiki;
- rashin kwanciyar hankali.
Tsarin awo
Don hana yiwuwar ci gaba da rikicewar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta tare da cutar ta 2, marasa lafiya suna buƙatar ba hana kawai haɓakar haɓaka ba, har ma suna iya sarrafa yiwuwar raguwar alamu a ƙasa da al'ada. Wato, ya kamata ku adana matakan glucose a cikin tsararren tsari (a mmol / l):
- da safe kafin abinci - har zuwa 6.1;
- 'yan sa'o'i bayan karin kumallo, abincin rana, abincin dare - ba fiye da 8 ba;
- kafin zuwa gado - har zuwa 7.5;
- a cikin fitsari - 0-0.5%.
Yanayin ma'aunin Glycemia
Duk wani mara lafiya da ke fama da “cuta mai daɗi” zai iya jin tabarbarewa a cikin yanayin su, wanda ke da alaƙa da tsalle-tsalle a cikin glucose. Ana san wasu daga canjin safe, dangane da abinci, yayin da wasu ke jin canje-canje kafin lokacin bacci. Don samun gaban canje-canje na ba zato ba tsammani tare da cutar ta 2, ya kamata ku kula da alamu tare da glucometer:
- a cikin halin diyya sau uku a mako;
- kafin kowane abinci a cikin yanayin insulin far;
- kafin kowane abinci da 'yan sa'o'i bayan amfani da allunan rage sukari;
- bayan gwagwarmayar jiki, horo;
- tare da jin yunwar;
- da dare (kamar yadda ake buƙata).
Diary Mai Kulawa da Kai - Mataimakin mai ciwon sukari koda yaushe
Yana da kyau a rubuta duk sakamakon a cikin rubutaccen sirri ko katin, saboda endocrinologist din zai iya bin diddigin cutar. Anan, rubuta nau'ikan abinci da aka yi amfani da su, da ƙarfin aikin jiki, yawan sinadarin hormone da ake ciki, kasancewar mawuyacin yanayi da raunin da ke tattare da kumburi ko cututtukan da ke kama su.
Menene wani nau'in maganin motsa jiki na cutar?
Ana nuna cutar sankara ta hanji ta hanyar ci gaba da cutar a cikin mata masu juna biyu. Siffar ta shine tsalle-tsalle a cikin sukarin jini bayan abinci tare da farashin azumi na yau da kullun. Bayan haihuwa, kwayoyin cuta ta shuɗe.
Theungiyar hadarin don haɓakawa ta haɗa da:
- minors;
- mata masu nauyin jiki;
- shekaru sama da 40;
- da kuma yanayin gado;
- fama da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta polycystic;
- tarihin cutar sankaran hanji.
Don sarrafa gaban ilimin jijiyoyin jiki ko raunin jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin jiki zuwa glucose bayan mako na 24 na ciki, ana yin takamaiman gwaji. Mace tana shan jini mai nauyi a kan komai a ciki. Sannan ta sha glucose foda diluted a ruwa. Bayan sa'o'i biyu daga baya, an sake tattara kayan. Matsakaicin kashi na farko na jini ya kai 5.5 mmol / L, sakamakon kashi na biyu ya kai 8.5 mmol / L. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya samun ƙarin nazarin matsakaici.
Hadarin jariri
Kiyaye matakan sukari a cikin kewayon al'ada shine muhimmin mahimmanci don girma da haɓaka jariri yayin rayuwar mahaifar. Tare da karuwa a cikin glycemia, haɗarin macrosomia yana ƙaruwa. Wannan yanayin yanayin cututtukan halayya ne wanda aka san shi da ɗimbin nauyi mai nauyi na jariri da kuma ƙaruwa a cikin girma. Kewayen kai da yanayin kwakwalwa na wanzuwa a cikin iyakoki na al'ada, amma sauran alamun suna iya haifar da babban matsaloli a daidai lokacin da aka haifi yaro.
Sakamakon shine raunin haihuwa a cikin jariri, raunin da hawaye a cikin mahaifiyar. Idan kasancewar irin wannan binciken an ƙaddara shi yayin nazarin duban dan tayi, to an yanke shawara ne don haifar haihuwa. A wasu halaye, ɗan ba zai iya samun lokacin ba sai ya girma da za a haife shi.
Nagarin Samun ciki na Gwiwa
Yarda da abinci, guje wa aikin motsa jiki, kame kai zai ba ka damar daidaita matakin sukari a cikin ka'idodi. A lokacin haila, al'aura kamar haka (a mmol / l):
- m kafin abinci - 5.5;
- bayan awa daya a mafi yawan - 7.7;
- bayan 'yan sa'o'i, a lokacin barci, da dare - 6.6.
Gudanar da glucose na ciki - a gwargwadon m m of diabetes na ciwon sukari
Gudanarwa da kuma daidaita dokokin
Manunin sukari don masu ciwon sukari na 2 ana iya gyara su sauƙaƙe, amma wannan yana buƙatar wahalar mai haƙuri akan kansa, wanda ya ƙunshi kiyaye dokoki da yawa. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dasu azaman hanyoyin kariya na tsarin ilimin hanayar ciki.
- Abincin ya kamata ya zama akai-akai, amma a cikin adadi kaɗan (kowane 3-3.5 hours).
- Guji soyayyen, kyafaffen, jita-jita da kayan yaji mai yawa, abinci mai sauri.
- Guji daga tsananin motsa jiki, daidaita matakan motsa jiki da hutawa.
- Kullum tare da 'ya'yan itacen marmari da za su gamsar da yunwar ku idan ta bayyana.
- Sarrafa tsarin shan giya.
- Binciken yau da kullun na ƙididdigar alamomin sukari ta hanyar hanyoyin a gida.
- Kowane watanni shida, ziyarci likitancin endocrinologist kuma bincika aikin akan lokaci.
- Iyakance tasirin yanayin damuwa.
Duk abin da nau'in cutar, bin shawarar kwararru ba kawai zai iya tsayar da farashin al'ada ba kuma yana hana ci gaba da rikitarwa, amma kuma inganta rayuwar mai haƙuri.
