Ana daukar ciwon sukari mellitus a matsayin ɗayan cututtukan cututtukan yau da kullun na jama'a. Kimanin kashi 30% na alƙalumman suna koyon cutar da suke da ita a matakin haɓaka ta ko kuma rikitarwa, wanda ke sa tsarin warkarwa ya gagara. Mata da maza daidai suke da saukin ci gaban cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, bambanci shine kawai a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari da yanayin halayyar marasa lafiya.
Bayan haka, ana la'akari da alamun farko na ciwon sukari a cikin mata masu shekaru daban-daban da alamomin dakin gwaje-gwaje da ke tabbatar da kasancewar cutar.
Asalin cutar
Ana nuna ciwon sukari mellitus ta hanyar keta hanyoyin rayuwa a cikin jiki. Wannan na faruwa ne sakamakon karancin insulin hodar kansa (wanda aka lura dashi da cutar ta 1) ko kuma canje canje a aikinsa (nau'in ciwon sukari na 2).
Insulin abu ne mai aiki wanda yake aiki a cikin fitsari. Sashin jiki yana nan a bayan ciki, wanda bai fi nauyin 100 g ba kuma ban da wannan hormone, gland shine yake sanya ruwan 'pancreatic juice', wanda ke cikin narkewa. Ana samar da insulin ta hanyar sel beta na tsibirin na Langerhans-Sobolev. Matsakaicin adadin waɗannan sel ba ya wuce 2 g.
Insulin wani sinadari ne mai gina jiki wanda ke aiki da metabolism. Aikin sa shine "buɗa kofofin" don shigar da kwayoyin glucose zuwa sel da kyallen takarda. Ana amfani da sukari don samun albarkatun makamashi na jiki, ba tare da wanda ba zai iya yin aiki har ma da ayyukan farko (alal misali, ƙirar tsoka ba za ta yi kwangila ba).
Sarkar kwayar halittar ciki ta sarkar
Har ila yau, hormone yana taimakawa ga kwararar amino acid a cikin sel. Ana amfani da waɗannan abubuwan don samar da cikakken sunadarai. Wani muhimmin aikin insulin - yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar ajiyar ƙwayoyin mai a cikin jikin mutum.
Nau'in 1 da na 2
Wani nau'in rarrabuwa iri ɗaya na ilimin cuta saboda gaskiyar cewa duka nau'ikan cutar suna da asali daban, amma bayyananniya iri ɗaya. Babban alama shine cutar hawan jini (hyperglycemia).
Nau'in 1
Wannan nau'in ciwon siga a cikin mata ba shi da yawa, yana tasowa ne kafin ya kai shekaru 40. Misali na faruwar cutar:
- Mutumin da ke da asali sanadin mutuwa game da cutar ya fara haifar da wasu nau'in cutar. Zai iya zama kyanda, rubella, mumps, har ma da SARS.
- Kwayar cuta wacce ke shiga jiki tana tsokani samarda kwayoyin cuta a jikin kwayar halittar jiki.
- Kwayoyin rigakafi suna lalata ƙwayoyin insulin na ƙwayoyin jikinsu, amma alamu na farko na tsarin pathological ya faru ne kawai lokacin da sama da 75% na sel suka mutu.
Nau'in 2
Wannan nau'in ciwon sukari ma yana da alaƙa da gado, amma a nan muna magana ne game da wani abu. Nau'in cuta na 2 na tasowa a gaban haihuwar haihuwa na haɓaka jijiyoyin sel da ƙirar jikin mutum zuwa insulin. Cutar ta bayyana kanta a cikin mata bayan shekaru 40.
Tissu wanda aka fallasa zuwa insulin suna da masu karɓa na musamman, waɗanda abubuwan da ke aiki da sinadarin-hormone ke aiki. A tsawon lokaci, kuma a ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwanda ke haifar da tashin hankali (ƙarancin jikin mutum, rage cin abinci mara kyau, hawan jini), masu karɓar ba su amsa cikakkiyar karuwar insulin. Kwayar cutar ta samar da isasshen adadin kwayoyin, amma sel kawai basa “ganin” shi.
Bayani mai takaitaccen nau'in cututtukan da ba na insulin ba
Bayyanar cutar
Duk alamun cutar sankarau a cikin mata sun kasu gida biyu:
- na farko;
- sakandare.
Alamar farko
Yawancin mata basa kula da yanayin su na dogon lokaci, tunda a cikin al'umma ta zamani wakilan mata basa aiki sai maza. Babu wani isasshen lokaci wa kanmu. Don fara magani a farkon matakan cutar da hana haɓakar rikice-rikice, ya kamata ku san irin alamun bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan sukari.
Bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin maza- Jin ƙishirwa - sha'awar sha a cikin girlsan mata da mata ya zama cuta. Marasa lafiya na iya shan ruwa mai sama da lita 5 a duk tsawon rana.
- Yawan fitowar fitsari - mutum ya sha da yawa, da bi, kuma urinates da yawa. Kari akan haka, jikin yana kokarin rama kasancewar yawan glucose a cikin jini ta hanyar fitsari a cikin fitsari.
- Rage nauyi yana haɗuwa da yawan ci - waɗannan alamomin halayen halayyar nau'in 1 ne. A kan bincike, an tabbatar da lafiyar mai haƙuri, furucin fata, haƙarƙarinsa, haƙarƙarin.
- Gajiya, bacin rai - jikin mace ba ya iya aiki, kamar dā. Damuwa ta bayyana yayin rana, da dare, akasin haka, marasa lafiya na iya koka game da rashin bacci.
- Fata mai bushe - alamomin ci gaba ne na sarkar "ƙishirwa + cin urination." Saboda yawan cirewar ruwa daga jiki, marassa lafiya suna jin cewa yanayin bakinsu ya bushe sosai, fatar su ta bushe, bawo.
Marasa lafiya na iya yin gunaguni game da yanayin rashin tabbas game da fata, jin ƙaiƙayi, gami da cikin ɓangaren ƙwayar cuta. Lokaci-lokaci, hare-hare na hankula suna faruwa, sha'awar jima'i ta birgeshi (musamman an ambata cikin mata bayan shekaru 30).
Take hakkin a cikin m Sphere - daya daga cikin alamun cutar
Alamomin farko na masu ciwon suga a cikin mata bayan shekaru 50 suna tare da raunin tsarin musculoskeletal. Babban bayyani shine haɓakar osteoporosis, wanda ke bayyane da jin zafi a cikin baya, gidajen abinci, iyakancewa da kuma tsauraran motsi. An tabbatar da yanayin cutar ta hanyar dakin gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwajen Rediyo.
Alamar sakandare
Kwayar cutar cututtukan da suka samo asali daga ci gaban ciwon sukari da kuma ci gaban rikice-rikice na iya zama kamar haka:
- ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya - isasshen kuzarin amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa yana haifar da atrophy;
- itching na yanayin da ba za a iya jurewa ba - ta bayyana kanta a wuraren yin gumi mai yawa (a karkashin kirji, a cikin yatsun hannu, gwaiwa);
- ƙanshi na acetone a cikin iska mai iska - ya bayyana a kan asalin ci gaban jihar ketoacidotic (rikitarwa na nau'in ciwon sukari na 1), wanda jikin jikin acetone ya haɗu a cikin jini da fitsari;
- bayyanar raunin trophic a kan fata na ƙananan ƙarshen, sau da yawa mara zafi - tashi a kan asalin yanayin hanyoyin samar da jini;
- abin mamaki na "creeps creeps", numbness na kafafu, makamai - alamun lalacewar da m juyayi tsarin;
- pathological karuwa a cikin nauyin jiki - hankula don nau'in cuta 2.
Mace ta fara yin nauyi da sauri, wanda aka haɗu tare da sauran alamun cutar
Mahimmanci! Akwai bayyanannun bayyananniyar cutar, wanda ke ba mu damar bambanta shi da sauran yanayin cututtukan.
Babu alamun bayyanar farko na ciwon sukari, duk da haka, tare da ci gaba, canji a cikin launin fata ya bayyana. Yankunan fatar suna fitowa wanda adadin ɗanɗano ya ragu sosai. Abubuwan farin suna bayyana anan wanda zai keta bayyanar ado.
A cikin matan da ke fama da cutar na dogon lokaci, toshewar fata akan hannayen yana bayyane. Lokacin bincika bangon ciki na ciki, gindi-gindi, kwatangwalo, kafadu, bangarorin da aka ambata tare da karamin adadin kasusuwa na ciki. Ana kiran wannan yanayin lipodystrophy. Yana faruwa a kan asalin ayyukan kulawa da insulin shirye-shiryen insulin a wuri guda (an lura da mafi yawan masu cutar 1 masu cutar sukari da kuma a cikin wasu marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in cuta na 2).
Alamomin cutar sankarau
Babban alamar cutar shine babban sukari na jini, wanda aka ƙaddara ta amfani da gwajin sukari mai yatsa, ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta ta jini, ma'aunin glucose a gida tare da glucometer. Singleara yawan lamba ba shaida ba ne na ci gaban ilimin halittu. Ya kamata a lura da rashin lafiyar hyperglycemia yayin gwaje-gwaje da yawa, saboda ƙwararren likita ya tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar.
Wata tabbataccen mai nuna alama ita ce glycosylated haemoglobin. Wannan abu yana ba ku damar sanin matsakaicin matakin sukari a cikin jini a cikin kwanakin 90 da suka gabata. A matsayinka na mai mulki, lambobi sama da 6% suna sa likita yayi tunani game da Pathology, sama da 6.5% - don tabbatar da bayyanar cutar sankarau.
Jinin - sanannen abu ne wanda zai baka damar tabbatarwa ko musun kasancewar yanayin cutar
An kuma tabbatar da nau'in cutar ta 2 ta gwajin haƙuri. A yayin binciken, an gano kwarewar sel da kyallen jikin jikin mai haƙuri zuwa glucose, kuma, gwargwadon haka, zuwa insulin, an fayyace shi.
Idan ɗaya daga cikin alamun da ke sama ya bayyana, nemi kwararrun masanan kimiyya na endocrinologist. Wannan ƙwararren kwararren likita ne wanda zai ba da maganin cutar kuma idan ya cancanta, zai zaɓi magani. Ba kwa buƙatar yin gwaji da kanka ba, har ma da zaɓar magunguna don yaƙar cutar, tunda hyperglycemia shine babban alamar cutar sankara, amma kuma ana iya lura da ita a kan sauran cututtuka.
