Menene ƙafafun ciwon sukari: lambar ICD-10, rarrabuwa, abubuwan da ke haifar da hanyoyin magani

Daya daga cikin mafi girman rikitarwa na ciwon sukari shine cutar ciwon sukari.

A cikin haƙuri wanda ba ya bin abincin da aka ƙayyade, da rashin kulawa sosai game da matakin sukari na jini, a mataki na lalata (yawanci shekaru 15-20 bayan bayyanar cutar), irin wannan rikice-rikice tabbas zai bayyana a cikin tsari ɗaya ko wata.

ICafarar ciwon sukari na ICD 10 cuta ce mai haɗari, yawanci yakan haifar da gangrene (necrosis tissue).

Hadarin Ciwon sukari

Sau da yawa, rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari suna faruwa saboda laifin mai haƙuri. Idan ya yi watsi da magani, ya yi watsi da shawarwarin likita, bai kula da abincinsa ba, ba ya kula da insulin a kan lokaci, ba tare da la’akari da nau'in cutar ba, tabbas zai fara rikicewa.

Yawancin lokaci sakamakon zai iya zama mai wahala, kuma a yawancin lokuta ba a cire sakamako mai ƙisa. Abun rikice rikice na iya haifar da cututtuka masu haɗama, raunin da ya faru, ƙarancin insulin, ko kuma amfani da magunguna ƙarewa (ko maɓallin).

Daya daga cikin matsalolin rikicewar cutar sankarau shine:

1. lactic acidosis - keta yanayin acidic a cikin jiki saboda tara yawan adadin acid na lactic;
2. ketoacidosis - karuwa a yawan adadin ketone a cikin jini sakamakon karancin insulin;
3. rashin lafiyar hailala - sakamakon raguwar raguwa cikin matakan glucose;
4. ilmin mahaifa - sakamakon hauhawar hauhawar matakan sukari;
5. ciwon sukari da ke fama da cutar siga - ya haifar da cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki a cikin ƙananan ƙarshen;
6. ma'asumi - Sakamakon take hakki a cikin tasoshin ido;
7. encephalopathy - lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa sakamakon rushewar tasoshin jini;
8. jijiya - raunin aiki na jijiyoyin gefe saboda ƙarancin jijiyar oxygen;
9. ciwon daji na rauni - Bayyananniyar bayyanannun sakamakon lalacewar rayuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin fata.

Menene cutar ciwon sukari?

Wannan nau'in cutar ta shafar kyallen ƙafafu. Tsarin kara kumburi a cikinsu yana tare da mummunan tashin hankali, wanda sakamakon hakan yana haifar da ci gaba da cutar '' gangrene '.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da irin wannan bayyanar na iya zama masu ciwon suga da ke fama da cuta, cuta a cikin jijiyoyin ƙananan ƙananan, waɗanda ke karuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Taro na farko na kasa da kasa, wanda aka gudanar a 1991 kuma ya sadaukar da kansa ga cututtukan cututtukan da ke fama da cutar kansa, ya samar da rarrabuwa kan yadda aka fara rarrabe hanyoyin cutar ta hanyar abubuwanda ke haifar da ci gaba.

An bambanta siffofin masu zuwa:

• nau'i na neuropathic - yana bayyanar da kansa a cikin nau'in rauni, kumburi, lalata halayen articular, wanda shine sakamakon damuwa a cikin aiki na tsarin juyayi. Wadannan rikice-rikice ana haifar da raguwa a cikin tasirin tasirin jijiyoyi a cikin sassan ƙananan ƙananan;
• tsari ischemic - sakamako ne na bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerotic, a bango wanda yaduwar jini a cikin kasusuwa;
• nau'i na neuroischemic (ko gauraye) - gano alamun nau'ikan biyu.

Mafi sau da yawa, marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari suna nuna alamun wani nau'in neuropathic. Na gaba a cikin mita shine nau'i mai hade. Wani nau'in ischemic na ƙafafun ƙafafun sukari ya bayyana a lokuta da wuya. Jiyya ta samo asali ne daga kamuwa da cuta dangane da iri-iri (nau'i) na cututtukan fata.

Dalilin ci gaban rikitarwa

Cutar sankarar mellitus a cikin mataki na lalata, ana saninsa da canje-canje masu kauri a cikin gwargwadon abubuwan da sukari a cikin jini, ko kuma ta hanyar babban matakin abin da ke cikinsa ya zauna na dogon lokaci. Wannan ya cutar da jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini.

Abubuwan da ke ɗaukar ƙwayar microvasculature sun fara mutuwa, kuma sannu a hankali cutar ta kama tasoshin da suka fi girma.

Inganta ciki da wadatar jini suna haifar da ƙarancin trophism a cikin kyallen. Saboda haka hanyoyin mai kumburi tare da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin jini. Matsalar tana da rikitarwa ta dalilin cewa ƙafa, kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin sassan jiki masu aiki, ana fuskantar kullun ga damuwa, kuma, sau da yawa, ƙananan raunin da ya faru.

Mutumin, saboda ragewar ciki (jijiyoyin ƙoshin jijiyoyi), bazai kula da ƙananan lalacewa ba (fashewa, yankewa, tarkace, ratsewa, ƙonewa, naman gwari), wanda ke haifar da yaduwar raunuka, tunda a cikin rashin isasshen ƙwayar jini a cikin ƙananan tasoshin ayyukan kariya na jiki a cikin wadannan yankuna ba ya aiki.

A sakamakon haka, wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa ƙananan raunuka ba sa warkar da dogon lokaci, kuma idan sun kamu, suna girma zuwa cikin manyan raunuka, waɗanda za a iya warke ba tare da mummunan sakamako ba kawai idan an gano su a matakin farko.

Wata cuta irin ta ƙafar mai ciwon sukari ba ta ƙone gabaɗaya kuma galibi tana shiga ɓangaren cututtukan cututtukan fata.

Sabili da haka, an shawarci mai haƙuri ya lura da kansa sosai, ya bi abin da aka ƙayyade da sauran umarnin likita, kuma idan duk wata bayyananniyar bayyani ta faru, tuntuɓi likita nan da nan.

Kwayar cutar

Kowane ɗayan siffofin suna fasalin kansa ta alamomin kansa. Musamman:

• nau'i na neuropathic runtsewar ji na ƙafar ƙafa, ƙazantar halayensu halaye ne, ana ganin fitowar corns, ana lura da yanayin rashin hankalin. A matakai na gaba, cututtukan mahaifa sukan bayyana a shafin dunƙule, suna da sifofi zagaye iri ɗaya;
• tsari ischemic yana faruwa ba tare da bayyanar corns da nakasa ba, ƙwayar fata ba ta raguwa, amma a lokaci guda bugun jini a yankin ƙafafu ya zama mai rauni kuma ba wuya ya ji. Fatar ta yi launin fata, ta yi sanyi. Ciwo mai zafi ya bayyana. Siffofinsu ba su da tsattsauran ra'ayi, gefansu ba mafi yawan lokuta ba ne;
• gaurayayyen tsari duka biyun kuma sauran bayyanai halaye ne.

Kwararru sun bambanta digiri shida (matakai) na cutar:

1. nakasar ƙafa. Babu cutar koda;
2. bayyanar cututtukan fata na farko;
3. zurfin rauni, dangane da abin da ya shafi jijiyoyin tsoka da jijiyoyin jiki;
4. ulcers zurfafa sosai cewa suna shafar nama ƙashi;
5. farkon ƙarancin 'yan ta'adda;
6. gangrene ya zama yalwa.

Hanyar ganewar asali

An gano cutar ne bisa ga tarihin likita, gwaji na zahiri na mara lafiya da kuma sakamakon binciken, wanda ya hada da irin waɗannan karatun da hanyoyin kamar haka:

• janar gwajin jini;
• jarrabawa na jijiyoyin jini;
• Duban dan tayi na jijiyoyin jini da ake buƙata don tantance matsayin kwararar jini (duban dan tayi);
• al'adar jini akan kwayoyin cuta;
• angiography (bambanci-x-ray, mai da hankali kan nazarin jijiyoyin jini);
• babban x-ray na ƙafa;
• biopsy da kuma nazarin abubuwan da ke ciki na ulcers.

Yayin nazarin jiki, ana auna zafin jiki, matsa lamba, yawan numfashi, da bugun zuciya. Bayan haka, ana gudanar da cikakken bincike game da raunuka tare da ƙaddara matsayin ƙarfin hankalinsu da sauran alamomi da yawa. Don tantance zurfin lalacewar nama, likita zai iya fara bibiyar jiyya da kuma jiyyar raunuka.

Jiyya

Farfesa yana farawa tare da ramawa game da ciwon sukari da kuma daidaita yawan sukari a cikin jini, tunda karuwar abubuwan sukari ya ƙunshi duk sakamakon cutarwa.

Gabaɗaya, hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na cututtukan ischemic da cututtukan neuropathic iri ɗaya kuma sun ƙunshi daidaituwa wurare dabam dabam na jini a cikin gabar jiki tare da hanyoyin warkewa ko hanyoyin tiyata. Dangane da batun warkewa, an wajabta magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, har ma da magungunan da aka tsara don inganta kwararar jini da sauƙaƙe kumburi.

Tare da kwararrun tiyata, za su iya komawa gaɓar ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki mai ɓarna, wanda zai yuwu a iya dawo da hawan jini a cikin tasoshin jini ba tare da haɗarin fata ba ta hanyar artery, da thrombarterctomy ko tiyata ta tiyata.

Hakika, ya shafa Pathology haifar sunã rãyar da regimen, yi gida da magani daga ulcers antiseptic. Game da sifar neuropathic, ƙwararrun likitoci suna ba da kulawa ta musamman ga maido da keɓancewar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin gabobi, wanda za a iya amfani da magunguna da nufin inganta metabolism.

Daya daga cikin manyan yanayin hanyoyin motsa jiki shine cikakken dakatar da shan sigari. Nikotine yana cutar da shimfidar ɗakunan ƙwayar cuta, a sakamakon abin da hanyoyin warkewa waɗanda ke da nufin dawo da hawan jini na iya zama marasa amfani ko kuma na iya zama ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Lambar ICD 10

Kwayar cutar makamancin haka tana faruwa a cikin ICD-10 (Tsarin Kasa da Kasa na Cutar 10), wanda aka gabatar a Rasha tun 1999. Yana cikin aji E10 - E14 "Ciwon sukari mellitus" kuma an lullube shi E10.5 ko E11.5, dangane da tsari da kuma yanayin cutar.

Hanyoyin rigakafin

Ana ba da shawarar mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari da su sa ido sosai a kan matakan sukari na jini kuma su yi amfani da insulin masu inganci waɗanda kamfanonin magunguna masu daraja ke bayarwa.

Hakanan, ingancin takalmin yana da babban tasiri. Wadanda suka kamu da ciwon sukari mellitus game da 10 ko fiye da shekaru da suka wuce dole ne su kula su sayi ƙwararrun ƙwararrun takalmi a cikin kawai wanda ƙafar ƙafafun ba za ta narke ba, suna haifar da microcracks da karaya.

Takalma ya kamata yalwatacce, mai numfashi, zai fi dacewa daga kayan halitta.. Babu wani yanayi da yakamata ya kamata a ba da damar kiran waya da chafing. Na dabam, ya cancanci a ambaci tsabtace ƙafafun. Ya kamata ku ɗauke shi da mahimmanci, ku wanke ƙafafunku sau da yawa tare da sabulu mai wanki, ku guji kamuwa da cuta da ƙananan raunin da ya faru, abrasions.

Marasa lafiya tare da masu ciwon suga wanda ke lura da dukkan abubuwan da aka ambata a sama bazai shafi wannan ilimin ba.

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Yaya za a bi da raunuka da raunuka tare da ƙafar mai ciwon sukari? Shawarar likita a cikin bidiyon: