Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce mai haɗari wanda ke haifar da yawan rikice-rikice da suka samo asali daga rushewa daga hanyoyin aiwatar da dole don aiki na al'ada.
Baya ga rage yawan jijiyoyin bugun jijiya, hangen nesa da yaduwar jini da fitowar jini, bayyanuwar nauyin wuce haddi da sauran bayyanar da ke da alaƙa, mai haƙuri da cutar sankara kuma yana iya fama da cutar ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari.
Ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari: menene?
Ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari cuta ce da ake samu ta dalilin yawan hawan glucose a koyaushe da kuma karancin insulin.
Irin waɗannan bayyanar suna da haɗari matuƙa, tunda, idan ba a yi musu magani ba, za su iya haifar da farkon cutar sankarau da sakamako mai illa.
Wannan yanayin na iya faruwa yayin da jikin ɗan adam bai sami damar yin amfani da glucose a matsayin tushen kuzari ba saboda rashi ko kuma rashin isasshen sinadarin hormone. Kuma tunda jiki yana buƙatar makamashi don rayuwa ta yau da kullun, jiki ya haɗa da kayan maye, fara amfani da kitse daga abinci azaman masu samar da makamashi.
Bayan rushewar ƙananan ƙwayoyi, an kirkiro ketones, waɗanda samfuran sharar gida ne. Suna tarawa a cikin jiki suna lalata shi. Rarraba ketones a cikin kyallen takarda mai yawa yana haifar da maye gurbin maye. Idan ba'a dauki lokaci ba, mai haƙuri ya faɗi cikin rashin lafiya.
Sanadin Nau'in na 1 da Nau'in 2 masu ciwon sukari
Babban dalilin bayyanar da wannan yanayin shine rashin samar da insulin a daidai adadin da ake buƙata don sarrafa glucose.
Jerin abubuwan da ke haifar da faruwa na ketoacidosis ya yi yawa sosai:
- bayyanar farko game da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, lokacin da mai haƙuri bai fara shan magunguna masu rage sukari ba;
- rashin ingantaccen magani (jinkirta amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, rage girman kai ko amfani da insulin da rashin tabbas);
- keta cin abinci ko abincin (cin abinci mai yawa na carbohydrates mai haske ko abincin tsallake abinci);
- cututtukan ciki, daɗaɗɗar cutar ciwon suga (bugun zuciya, bugun jini da cututtukan da ke kama da huhun hanji da hujin hanji);
- rashin sarrafa glucose;
- shan kwayoyi masu haɓaka matakan glucose;
- ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan da ke tattare da tsarin endocrine, wanda a ciki akwai haɓakar samar da kwayoyin halittu waɗanda ke haɓaka matakin glucose a cikin jini.
Kowane ɗayan waɗannan dalilai, haɗe tare da hanyoyin masu ciwon sukari, na iya haifar da saurin farawa na ketoacidosis.
Bayyanar cututtuka na ketoacidosis a cikin ciwon sukari
Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka fara fuskantar irin wannan bayyanar ba koyaushe suke fahimtar abin da ke faruwa da su ba, don haka basa ɗaukar matakan da ake buƙata.
Yayinda mai haƙuri yayi jinkirin, samfuran da ke cutar da shi suna haɗuwa sosai cikin jiki, kuma aukuwa na faruwa. Don hana wannan faruwa, tabbatar da kula sosai ga lafiyar ka.
Wadannan alamu na gaba suna nuna farkon yanayin haɗari:
- rauni da gajiya wanda ke faruwa ba ga wani dalili na fili ba;
- m ƙishirwa;
- nauyi asara;
- ciwon ciki
- tashin zuciya da huda na amai;
- palpitations
- numfashin acetone;
- bushe fata
- ciwon kai da tashin hankali;
- yawan urination (a matakin farko) ko kusan kusan raunin fitsari (a cikin jihar kusa da kwaro).
Bayyanar cututtuka a cikin manya da yara: shin akwai wasu bambance-bambance?
Alamun da ke nuna ci gaban ketoacidosis a cikin yara ba su bambanta da komai daga cututtukan da ke bayyana a cikin manya. Sabili da haka, tun da alamomi ɗaya ko fiye da ke tabbatar da yanayin haɗari a cikin yaro, tabbatar da ɗaukar matakan da suka dace.
Hanyar ganewar asali
Ana gano cutar ta Ketoacidosis ta hanyar cikakken bincike.
Idan mara lafiya wanda a baya an gano shi da nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ya sanar da likita game da alamomin da aka lissafa a sama da kuma kasancewar cututtukan da ke haɗuwa waɗanda zasu iya rikitar da cutar sankara, likitan na iya ɗaukar matakai da yawa na kamuwa da cuta.
Yawanci, tsarin ganewar asali yana farawa tare da bincike na gaba ɗaya, wanda yayi la'akari da bushewar fata da ƙwayoyin mucous, kasancewar jin zafi a cikin ciki, ƙanshi na acetone daga bakin, raguwa a cikin amsawa (nutsuwa), raguwar hauhawar jini da bugun zuciya.
Don tabbatar da shakku, an kuma baiwa mai haƙuri jagora don jerin matakan dakin gwaje-gwaje:
- nazarin fitsari don kasancewar jikin ketone da acetone a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin;
- duba matakin glucose da jikin ketone a cikin jini;
- cikakken bincike na fitsari da jini;
- cikakken gwajin jini;
- Binciken kashi-kashi na acid da abun da ke ciki na jini.
Dangane da sakamakon binciken da gwajin hangen nesa na mai haƙuri, likita ya yanke shawara game da matsayin lafiyar mai haƙuri kuma ya ba da umarnin da ya dace.
Ka'idojin jiyya
Ana gudanar da aikin ketoacidosis a asibiti, a cikin rukunin kulawa mai zurfi.
Don rage yanayin haƙuri, kawar da bayyanar cututtuka da kuma daidaita lafiyar sa, ana amfani da hadadden kwayoyi:
- insulin don rage glucose jini;
- maganin sodium chloride don magance rashin ruwa;
- shirye-shirye tare da salts na potassium (don dawowa da daidaita daidaiton lantarki);
- pH gyara;
- maganin rigakafi don hana ci gaban hanyoyin tafiyar da cuta;
- magungunan anticoagulants don hana thrombosis;
- mafita na glucose don guje wa hypoglycemia.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa da kuma rigakafin
Idan baku dauki matakan da suka dace ba da nufin kawar da mummunan yanayin, rikice-rikice na iya faruwa, gami da cututtukan hanji, ƙarancin zuciya, haɓakar cututtuka, da yiwuwar fara mutuwa.
Don rigakafin, kuna buƙatar bin wasu ƙa'idodi, waɗanda za'a iya karanta game da ƙasa:
- m amfani da insulin shirye-shirye. Ya kamata likita ya ƙayyade yawan maganin daidai da yanayin lafiyar mai haƙuri;
- akai rage cin abinci. Mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ci sau ,aya, sau 4-5 a rana a cikin ƙaramin rabo. Hakanan ana bada shawara don ware carbohydrates na haske (mai daɗi da gari) daga abincin;
- horar da marassa lafiya don sanin alamun damuwa da ɗaukar matakan da suka dace. A saboda wannan dalili, zaku iya halartar makaranta don masu fama da cutar sukari. Idan babu wani kusa da nan, nemi shawara tare da gwani;
- sanin gaba daya bayyanar cututtuka na ciwon sukari.
Don guje wa ci gaban hanyoyin cututtukan cuta, dole ne mai haƙuri ya lura da yanayinsa kuma ya hana ci gaban ketoacidosis.
Bidiyo masu alaƙa
Game da abubuwan da ke haifar da, alamu da magani na ketoacidosis na ciwon sukari a cikin bidiyon:
Don kauce wa bayyanar yanayin haɗari, an ba da shawarar mai haƙuri don fahimtar kansa tare da yiwuwar rikice-rikice a farkon matakin, lokacin yin binciken cutar sankara. Idan, duk da haka, ba ku sami ikon sarrafa yanayin akan lokaci ba, kuma ketoacidosis duk da haka ya zo, ku ɗauki mataki nan da nan.
A cikin taron cewa yanayin haƙuri a cikin sauri ta lalace, kada kuyi magani da kansu. Nemi taimako daga kwararru domin kar a sami mummunan sakamako a cikin tawaya ko kuma mutuwa.
