Zuwa yau, kamfanonin magunguna suna ba da shirye-shiryen insulin daban-daban don masu ciwon sukari, waɗanda aka yi niyya don yin allura. Wadannan kwayoyi daban-daban na iya samun sunaye daban-daban, inganci da tsada. Ofayansu shine insulin Humalog.
Pharmacodynamics
Humalog insulin wani kwayar halitta ce ta DNA wanda ake sake amfani dashi ta jikin kwayar halitta. Bambanci tsakanin Humalog da insulin na halitta shine bambancin jerin amino acid a wurare 29 da 28 na sarkar insulin B. Babban tasiri da yake da shi shine tsari na metabolism metabolism
Humalog kuma yana da tasirin anabolic. A cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka, yawan wadataccen mai, glycogen da glycerol yana ƙaruwa, haɓakar furotin yana ƙaruwa, matakin yin amfani da amino acid yana ƙaruwa, amma ƙaruwar glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, da kuma sakin amino acid ya ragu.
A cikin jikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari na nau'ikan biyu saboda amfani da Humalog, tsananin zafin cutar hyperglycemia wanda ke bayyana bayan an rage cin abinci zuwa mafi girma dangane da amfani da insulin ɗan adam mai narkewa.
Ga marasa lafiya waɗanda suke karɓar nau'in insulin lokaci guda tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci, kuna buƙatar zaɓar sashi na duka nau'ikan insulin don cim ma daidaitaccen glucose cikin rana.
Hakanan ga sauran shirye-shiryen insulin, tsawon lokacin sakamako na maganin Humalog ya bambanta a cikin marasa lafiya daban-daban ko a lokuta daban-daban a cikin haƙuri ɗaya. Pharmododynamics na Humalog a cikin yara ya zo daidai da Pharmododynamics ta manya.
A cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 2 da kuma ɗaukar manyan abubuwan da suka samo asali na sulfonylurea, yin amfani da Humalog yana haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin matakan hawan glycated. Lokacin da Humalog yayi amfani da nau'ikan cututtukan guda biyu, akwai raguwa cikin adadin hypoglycemic a cikin dare.
Halin glucodynamic ga Humalog bashi da alaƙa da ƙarancin aikin hepatic da na koda. An kafa iyakokin ƙwayar don insulin ɗan adam, duk da haka, sakamakon maganin yana faruwa da sauri kuma yana ƙasa da ƙasa.
An bayyana Humalog ta yadda tasirinsa zai fara da sauri (a cikin kusan mintuna 15) saboda mahimmancin sha, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a gabatar da shi kafin abinci (a cikin mintuna 1-15), yayin da insulin na yau da kullun, wanda ke da ɗan gajeren aiki, ana iya gudanar dashi a cikin 30 -45 mintuna kafin cin abinci.
Pharmacokinetics
Tare da allurar subcutaneous, ɗaukar ƙwayar lyspro yana faruwa da sauri, Cmax ɗin ta samu bayan awa 1-2. Vd na insulin a cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da miyagun ƙwayoyi da insulin na bil'adama iri ɗaya ne, sun bambanta daga 0.26 zuwa 0.36 lita a kowace kg.
Alamu
Wani nau'in ciwon sukari da ke dogaro da sukari: rashin haƙuri ga sauran shirye-shiryen insulin; postprandial hyperglycemia, wanda wasu insulin ba zasu iya gyara su ba.
Rashin maganin insulin-non-insulin na sukari: tsayayya da magungunan kamuwa da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da aka dauka ta baki (malabsorption na wasu shirye-shiryen insulin, hypglycemia postprandial, wanda ba za'a iya gyara shi ba); tiyata da cututtukan ciki (wanda ke rikitar da cutar sankara).
Aikace-aikacen
Sashi Humalog an ƙaddara daban-daban. Humalog a cikin nau'i na vials ana gudanar da su a cikin jujjuyawar cikin inuwar ciki da cikin ciki da intramuscularly. Tsarin humalog a cikin hanyar katukan katako ne kawai. Ana yin allurai sau 1-15 kafin cin abinci.
A cikin tsattsauran ra'ayi, ana gudanar da miyagun ƙwayoyi sau 4-6 a rana, haɗe tare da shirye-shiryen insulin tare da tasiri mai tsawo, sau uku kowace rana. Girman adadin guda ba zai iya wuce raka'a 40 ba. Humalog a cikin vials za a iya haɗe shi da samfuran insulin tare da sakamako mai tsayi a cikin sirinji ɗaya.
Ba a tsara katun taya don hada Humalog tare da sauran shirye-shiryen insulin a ciki da kuma sake amfani da shi ba.
Bukatar rage yawan adadin insulin na iya tashi a yayin da ake samun raguwa a cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da carbohydrates a cikin kayan abinci, gagarumar damuwa ta jiki, ƙarin shan magunguna waɗanda ke da tasirin hypoglycemic - sulfonamides, waɗanda ba su zaɓi beta-blockers.
Side effects
Babban tasirin wannan ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da sakamako masu biyo baya: karuwar gumi, rikicewar bacci, laima. A cikin halayen da ba a sani ba, rashin lafiyan ciki da lipodystrophy na iya faruwa.
Ciki
A halin yanzu, babu mummunan sakamako na Humalog akan yanayin mace mai ciki da tayi. Babu wani binciken da ya dace.
Matar macen da ta haihu wacce ke fama da cutar sankara, ya kamata ta sanar da likita game da shirin ko kuwa lokacin da take shirin zuwa. Ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari, wani lokacin lactation na buƙatar yin gyare-gyare zuwa kashi insulin ko rage cin abinci.
Yawan damuwa
Bayyanannun abubuwa: saukarwa da gulukosin jini, wanda ke tattare da rauni, gumi, bugun jini, saurin kai, amai, rudani.
Jiyya: a cikin nau'i mai sauƙi, ana iya dakatar da hypoglycemia ta hanyar ciwan glucose na ciki ko wani abu daga ƙungiyar sukari, ko samfuran da ke ɗauke da sukari.
Hypoglycemia zuwa matsakaici matsakaici za a iya gyara shi ta hanyar intramuscular ko incutarwa na glucagon da kuma ci gaba na ciki na carbohydrates bayan yanayin mai haƙuri zai iya daidaitawa.
Marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su amsa glucagon an ba su maganin glucose na ciki ba. Dangane da batun coma, ana gudanar da glucagon a ƙarƙashin ƙasa ko intramuscularly. Idan babu glucagon ko amsawa ga allurar wannan abun, yakamata a gudanar da aikin gubar glucose.
Nan da nan bayan mai haƙuri ya sake farkawa, yana buƙatar ɗaukar abincin da ke dauke da carbohydrates. Wataƙila kuna buƙatar ɗaukar carbohydrates a nan gaba, kuma kuna buƙatar buƙatar saka idanu kan mai haƙuri, tun da akwai haɗarin sake dawowa daga hypoglycemia.
Adanawa
Ya kamata a adana Humalog a zazzabi na +2 zuwa +5 (a firiji). Daskarewa ba a yarda da shi ba. Karanti ko kwalbar da aka rigaya aka farawa na iya wuce kwanaki 28 a yawan zafin jiki. Kuna buƙatar kare Humalog daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Ba za a yarda a yi amfani da mafita ba a yayin da take da yanayin girgije, da kauri ko launi, da kuma gaban barbashi mai kauri a ciki.
Hulɗa ta Pharmacological
Tasirin hypoglycemic na wannan magani yana rage lokacin shan maganin hana haihuwa, magunguna dangane da kwayoyin hodar iblis, maganin beta2-adrenergic agonists, danazole, tricyclic antidepressants, thiazide-type diuretics, diazoxide, chlorprotixen, isoniazid, nicotinic acid, carbonate carbonate, carbonate litateum.
Tasirin hypoglycemic na Humalog yana ƙaruwa tare da beta-blockers, ethyl barasa da kwayoyi waɗanda ke ɗauke da shi, fenfluramine, steroids anabolic, tetracyclines, guanethine, salicylates, magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar cuta, sulfonamides, AC inhibitors da MAO da octre.
Za a iya amfani da Humalog (batun kula da lafiya) a hade tare da insulin na mutum, wanda ke da sakamako mai daɗewa, ko a haɗe tare da magungunan maganganu na baki wanda ke samo asali na sulfonylurea.
