Lokacin lura da glycemia, yanayi uku ana rarrabe su: kafin abinci (kafin abincin dare), lokacin abinci (lokacin cin abinci) da kuma bayan abinci (postprandial). Lokaci bayan cin abinci koyaushe yana da alaƙa da canji a cikin metabolism da ayyukan hormonal. Wadannan canje-canjen na iya zama haɗari saboda jinkirin dawowarsu. Wuce ƙimar sukari bayan cin abinci babban nauyi ne a jikin mutum, kuma tsawon lokacin da ya tsawanta, hakan yafi haɗari ga mutum.
Glucose a cikin jiki
Gwanin jini - ajaliwanda aka yi amfani da shi cikin sharuddan daidaida daidai da manufar maida hankali a cikin ƙwayar plasma. Kodayake ana amfani da ma'anar ba kawai a cikin harshen yau da kullun ba, har ma a yanayin mahallin kuma har ma a cikin takaddun ƙwararru, ba ya nuna cikakken gaskiya. Baya ga glucose, jini koyaushe yana kunshe da sauran sugars, amma saboda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na yanayin ƙarshe na jikin mutum, ƙimar kulawa da hankali don kula da lafiya zai iya zama sakaci.
Glucose shine mafi sauƙin sukari tare da samfurin C6H12J6 na sunadarai kuma yana ɗayan abubuwa masu mahimmanci ga ɗan adam kuma babban mahimmin abu don aiki daidai na kwakwalwa, ƙwayar tsoka da ƙwayoyin jini. Babban mahimmancinsa shine mai don sel. Ana samarwa a cikin jiki ta hanyar rushewar carbohydrates a cikin narkewa kuma yana shiga cikin jini ta jikin bangon dubura. Yawan juji da wadatattun abubuwan da ake samu (glycogen) sun tara a cikin hanta da tsokoki.
Cakuda yawan glucose a cikin jini jiki ne yake tsara shi. Za'a iya lura da haɓaka mai kyau a cikin wannan alamar a cikin yanayi biyu:
- abinci;
- danniya
A farkon lamari, adadin ya isa sannu a hankali saboda yawan carbohydrates daga abinci. A cikin na biyu, akwai tsalle mai tsayi saboda ayyukan tsarin juyayi, da nufin hanzarta shirya jiki don aiki ta hanyar ƙirƙirar adadin kuzarin makamashi. Bayan haka wanda ba a amfani dashi sai a canza shi zuwa glycogen, triglycerides da sauran abubuwa. Don tallafawa abubuwan da ake buƙata ta jiki, ana ba da izinin canzawar jijiyoyin jiki ta hanyar waɗannan abubuwa masu haɗarin gaba ɗaya ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta ta hanji:
- insulin - alhakin canja wurin glucose daga jini zuwa sel;
- glucagon - yana aiwatar da tsarin sakin glucose daga glucagen.
Hakanan, alamomin sukari na jini suna shafar jijiyoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na ciki, glandon thyroid da adrenal gland, kamar norepinephrine da adrenaline, thyroxine, somatotropin, dopamine, somatostatin.
Kayan al'ada
Mafi kyawun glycemia na jiki ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Matsakaicin al'ada don ma'aunin azumi (sa'o'i takwas ko fiye ba tare da abinci ba) yana cikin kewayon 65 zuwa 105 a kowace deciliter. A cikin mafi yawan mutane, maida hankali yana tashi bayan cin abinci. Matsakaicin sukari na jini bayan cin abinci ya kasance daga gram 135 zuwa 140 a kowace deciliter.
Wadannan bambance-bambance a cikin matakan glycemic a kan cikakken ciki kuma a cikin halin yunwa ba annoba ba ne kuma suna nuna yadda ake ɗaukar sha da adana glucose a cikin kyallen takarda. Nan da nan bayan cin abinci, jiki yana rushe carbohydrates a cikin abinci cikin abubuwa masu sauƙi (gami da glucose) waɗanda za a iya ɗauka a cikin ƙananan hanjin. Kwayar ta bayyana asirin, ƙwayar da ke motsa jiki don ɗaukar sukari da metabolism ɗin (tsari da aka sani da glycogenesis). Ana amfani da shagunan Glycogen don kula da matakan glucose na lafiya tsakanin abinci.
Hanyar fitar da sukari daga hannun jari shima yana farawa ne a cikin farji ta hanyar rufe glucagon. Wannan hormone yana taimakawa glycogen hanta ya koma cikin glucose. Idan jiki bashi da isasshen ajiyar, zai samar da sinadarin glucose nasa daga tushen abubuwan da basa amfani da fitsari, irin su amino acid da glycerin. An haɗa hanyoyin kamar wannan yayin tsananin ƙoƙari na jiki kuma yayin taron yunwa.
A wasu cututtuka, an lalata tsarin tsarin sukari na jini. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a irin waɗannan halayen, jiki ba shi da ikon samar da insulin ko kuma ya amsa shi da kyau. Cututtuka da yanayi waɗanda guguwar sauƙin glycemic tayi ƙazamar ƙimar al'ada:
- ciwon sukari
- kumburi, ciwon kansa.
- dysfunction na pituitary gland shine yake;
- malfunctioning na adrenal gland;
- shan wasu magunguna;
- na kullum damuwa.
Rashin hankalin mai sanyin jiki sau da yawa yakan faru ne a cikin mutane masu kiba ko jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa mara amfani. Don ƙididdigar haƙiƙa na yanayin cututtukan ciwon sukari da kuma kula da haɗarin rikicewar rikice-rikice a cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari, ana bada shawarar yin gwajin sukari 2 sa'o'i bayan cin abinci.
Haƙuri na glucose alama ce mai mahimmanci bayyanar cututtuka. Matsayin sukari bayan cin abinci a cikin mutum mai lafiya, bayan sa'o'i biyu, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya kamata ya ragu. Idan wannan bai faru ba, to duka marasa lafiya da masu lafiya yakamata suyi tunani game da abincin da suke ci. Abubuwan rarrabuwa da al'ada (sukari 2 sa'o'i bayan cin abinci) sunyi kama da wannan:
- a kasa 135 mg / dl - al'ada don lafiyar jiki;
- daga 135 zuwa 160 mg / dl - ƙananan haƙuri mai haƙuri a cikin mutane masu lafiya, mai gamsarwa ga masu ciwon sukari na sarrafa kansa;
- sama da 160 mg / dl - an ɗauke shi mai haɗari saboda haɗarin rikitarwa na rikicewar cuta daga hyperglycemia.
Don sarrafa daidaituwar glucose na jini bayan cin abinci, ana amfani da gwaji sau da yawa wanda aka maye gurbin cikakken abinci tare da g 75 na glucose a cikin ruwa.
Sakamakon karkacewa ga hanyoyin jini
Sharparuwar jini mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci bayan jini a cikin jini yana da mummunar tasiri a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini. Hyperglycemia yana haifar da jerin halayen da ke tayar da daidaituwa a cikin wadatar jini. A bangare guda, yuwuwar samuwar tarin jini, kuma a daya bangaren, jiragen ruwa suna fuskantar canje-canje da dama: yanayinsu yana ƙaruwa, wasu bangarorin bawo suna ɗauka, kuma ana ajiye filayen atherosclerotic a jikin bango. Idan wannan tsari bai tsaya ba, tasoshin na iya rasa halascinsu, wanda hakan zai kai ga lalata lalacewar kyallen takarda da ake samu.
Bugu da kari, hawan jini a jiki bayan cin abinci yana ba da ƙarin hanyoyin kuma wanda ya shafi mahimman ayyukan jiki. A lokacin postprandial, maida hankali ne kan kayayyakin oxidized yakan tashi sosai sakamakon metabolism din da ke hade da narkewar abinci. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa damuwa da damuwa.
Tare da karuwa a cikin sukari na jini, matakin samfuran mai mai narkewa mai cutarwa ga jijiyoyin jini yana ƙaruwa. Idan duk waɗannan hanyoyin ba a sarrafa su ba, sakamakon zai iya zama matsaloli masu wahala a cikin kodan, tsarin juyayi, zuciya, manyan jirage da sauran gabobin. Ana iya buƙatar ma'aunin postprandial glycemia tare da alamu masu zuwa:
urination akai-akai- sabon abu ƙishirwa;
- hangen nesa
- m gajiya;
- cututtuka na maimaitawa;
- a hankali yana warkar da raunuka.
urination akai-akaiHanyar Nazarin
Kuna iya auna sukari na jini bayan jini a gida tare da mitirin gulukinsa na jini. Hanya madaidaiciya ita ce ɗaukar karatun a mako guda tare da yin samfuran daban daban. Don haɓaka madaidaitan tsarin kula da abinci mai gina jiki, yana da muhimmanci kuyi tunanin kai-tsaye kan tasirin abin da kuka fi so ko abincin da kuka ƙoshi akai akai akan matakan sukari.
Ingancin gwajin yana buƙatar azumin farko na sa'o'i 12. Sabili da haka, ya dace don shirya bayanan safe da na yamma bayan rana a cikin ƙwararrun ma'aikata, bayan tsallake abincin dare da yamma. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da daidaito a lokacin samin jini kuma a tabbata a shirya hutawa bayan cin abinci na gwaji, kamar yadda motsa jiki na iya sanya hoton hoton.
Don yin samfurin jini, ana iya amfani da tari a cikin yatsa, da kuma ɗaukar samfurin daga jijiya (ƙwayar cuta mai sankara da bambancin jinya ya bambanta a tsarin), gwargwadon umarnin likita ko ikon dakin gwaje-gwaje. Sakamakon yawanci ba ya sa ka jira sama da sa'o'i ɗaya ko biyu.
Babban darajar sukari bayan haihuwa na iya nuna mummunar cutar tamowa ko ciwon sukari. Amma komai yawan glucose a cikin jini gwajin farko ya nuna, likitoci ba za su taɓa yin amfani da sakamako guda ɗaya kawai don gano yanayin ba. Wataƙila, idan ana zaton cewa akwai ƙarancin haƙuri a cikin gubar, to waɗannan gwaje-gwajen za'a yi masu.
