Glucose yana cikin rukunin monosaccharides, wato, sukari ne mai sauƙi. Abubuwan, kamar fructose, yana da dabara mai amfani da C6H12O6. Duk waɗannan abubuwan abubuwan isomers ne kuma sun bambanta da juna kawai a cikin tsarin sarari.
Glucose a cikin helenanci yana nufin “sukari innabi”, amma zaka iya samunsa ba kawai a cikin 'ya'yan inabi da kansu ba, har ma da sauran' ya'yan itatuwa masu zaki har ma da zuma. Glucose yana kasancewa ne sakamakon photosynthesis. A jikin mutum, sinadarin yana kunshe da yawa fiye da sauran sugars masu sauki.
Bugu da ƙari, ragowar monosaccharides da abinci ya ci suna canzawa a cikin hanta zuwa glucose, wanda shine mafi mahimmancin jini.
Mahimmanci! Koda karancin karancin glucose na iya sanya mutum ya kamu da tsayayye, girgiza kai, har ma da mutuwa.
Glucose a matsayin kayan gini yana daukar bangare ne a cikin samuwar polysaccharides, daidai gwargwado:
- sitaci;
- glycogen;
- cellulose.
Lokacin da ya shiga jikin mutum, glucose da fructose suna saurin narkewa daga narkewa a cikin hanyar jini, wanda ke ɗaukar su zuwa ga dukkanin gabobin da kyallen takarda.
Splitting, glucose yana fitar da adenosine triphosphoric acid, wanda ke ba mutum damar 50% na duk kuzarin da suke bukata don rayuwa.
Tare da gagarumin rauni na jiki, ana amfani da glucose a matsayin magani wanda ke taimakawa:
- shawo kan alamun rashin ruwa ko wani maye;
- ƙarfafa diureis;
- tallafawa ayyukan hanta, zuciya;
- dawo da ƙarfi;
- rage alamun cututtukan ciki: tashin zuciya, amai, zawo.
Muhimmancin glucose don metabolism mai dacewa
Dukkanin carbohydrates a cikin jiki sun karye don glucose. Aya daga cikin sashi yana dauke zuwa cikin jini na gaba ɗaya, ɗayan an canza shi zuwa takamaiman tanadin makamashi - glycogen, wanda, idan ya cancanta, an sake rushe shi zuwa glucose.
A cikin duniyar shuka, sitaci yana aiki da matsayin wannan ajiyar. A saboda wannan dalili, masu ciwon sukari kada su ci kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda ke ɗauke da sitaci mai yawa. Kodayake mai haƙuri bai ci Sweets ba, kawai ya ɗanɗana a kan soyayyen dankali - matakin sukari a cikin jininsa ya hau sosai. Wannan saboda sitaci ya zama glucose.
Glycogen polysaccharide yana samuwa a cikin dukkanin sel da gabobin jikin mutum. Amma babban ajiyar shi yana cikin hanta. Idan akwai buƙatar ƙara farashin makamashi, glycogen, don makamashi, yana rushewa zuwa glucose.
Haka kuma, idan akwai rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen, rushewar glycogen yana faruwa tare da hanyar anaerobic (ba tare da shigawar oxygen ba). Wannan tsari mai rikitarwa yana faruwa ne a ƙarƙashin rinjayen 11 kuzari waɗanda ke cikin cytoplasm na sel. A sakamakon wannan, ban da glucose, an kirkiro lactic acid kuma ana fitar da makamashi.
Insulin na hormone, wanda ke sarrafa glucose na jini, kwayoyin sel ne ke samar da sinadarai. Koyaya, raunin kitse mai rauni a ƙarƙashin rinjayar insulin yana raguwa.
Abinda ke barazanar karancin glucose a jiki
A yau a kowane kantin magani zaka iya siyan glucometer. Tare da wannan na'urar mai ban mamaki, mutane suna da damar auna matakan sukari na jini ba tare da barin gida ba.
Mai nuna ƙasa da 3.3 mmol / L akan komai a ciki an ɗauke shi raguwa kuma yanayin cuta ne da ake kira hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia na iya lalacewa ta hanyar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na koda, glandar adrenal, hanta, pancreas, hypothalamus, ko kawai rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
Bayyanar cututtuka na hypoglycemia:
- Jin yunwa.
- Rawar jiki da rauni a cikin gabobin.
- Tachycardia.
- Rashin hankali.
- High juyayi excitability.
- Tsoron mutuwa.
- Rashin tsinkaye (farin jini a ciki).
Marasa lafiya da keɓaɓɓen ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ya kamata koyaushe a ɗauki alewa ko yanki na sukari tare da su.
Idan kawai alamun farko na hypoglycemia sun bayyana, wannan zaƙi dole ne a ci shi nan da nan.
Hyperglycemia
Yawan yawan glucose a cikin jini ba shi da hatsari. Tabbas, kowa yasan cutar rashin lafiyar dake haifar da ciwon sukari, amma ba kowa bane ke fahimtar yanayin haɗarin wannan cutar.
Wajibi ne a dauki matakan idan matakin sukari na azumi ya kasance 6 mmol / l kuma mafi girma.
Sauran alamun bayyanar cutar sankara:
- Abincin da ba zai iya jurewa ba.
- Ba tare da ƙishirwa ba.
- Urination akai-akai.
- Numbness na wata gabar jiki.
- Jihar bari.
- Rashin nauyi kwatsam.
Paradoxically, tare da ciwon sukari mellitus, mai zuwa yana faruwa: akwai glucose mai yawa a cikin jini, kuma sel da kyallen takarda ba su da shi.
Wannan shi ne saboda matsaloli tare da insulin. Nau'in na 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 yana da matukar hatsari ga yan adam sakamakon rikitarwarsa, galibi yana kaiwa ga mutuwa.
Don haka, in banda togiya, mutane su ci dama kuma suyi rayuwa mai kyau. In ba haka ba, zaku iya samun makanta, cutar zuciya, lalacewar tasoshin kwakwalwa da ƙananan hancin, har zuwa gangrene da gaba.
