Ciwon sukari mellitus shine ɗayan cututtukan cututtukan haɓaka na yau da kullun. Lokacin da abin ya faru, matakan glucose na jini suna ƙaruwa saboda haɓakar ƙarancin samar da insulin a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari da kuma rashin iya amsa insulin a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Kimanin kusan kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari ba su san cutar su ba, saboda alamun ba su bayyana ba koyaushe.
Don gano ciwon sukari da wuri-wuri kuma don nemo maganin da ake buƙata, kuna buƙatar bincika ku. Don wannan, ana yin gwajin jini da fitsari.
Na farko alamun bayyanar cutar sankarau
Alamar farko na ciwon sukari na iya faruwa ba zato ba tsammani - tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na farko, da haɓaka lokaci bayan lokaci - tare da nau'in ciwon sukari marasa ƙarfi na insulin-2.
Nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari mellitus yawanci yana shafar matasa da yara.
Idan irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka sun faru, likita na gaggawa ya wajaba:
- Babban ƙishirwa yana fara azabtarwa.
- Akai-akai da cinikin urination.
- Rashin ƙarfi.
- Dizziness
- Rage nauyi.
Theungiyar haɗari don kamuwa da cutar sun haɗa da yara na iyayen da ke da ciwon sukari, waɗanda ke da cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo guda ɗaya idan sun fi kilogram 4.5 a lokacin haihuwa, tare da wasu cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, da ƙananan rigakafi.
Ga irin waɗannan yara, bayyanar cututtuka na ƙishirwa da asarar nauyi yana nuna ciwon sukari da mummunar lalacewar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, don haka akwai alamun farko da kuke buƙatar tuntuɓar asibitin:
- Desirearin sha'awar cin Sweets
- Yana da wuya a jure lokacin hutu a cikin abincin - akwai yunwar da ciwon kai
- Sa'a ɗaya ko biyu bayan cin abinci, rauni ya bayyana.
- Fata na fata - neurodermatitis, kuraje, bushe fata.
- Rage hangen nesa.
A cikin ciwon sukari na nau’i na biyu, alamu bayyanannu sun bayyana bayan dogon lokaci bayan karuwa a cikin glucose na jini, galibi yana shafar mata bayan shekaru 45, musamman tare da yanayin tsaka mai wuya, mai kiba. Saboda haka, an ba da shawarar cewa a wannan zamanin, kowa, ba tare da la'akari da kasancewar alamun ba, duba matakin glucose na jini sau ɗaya a shekara.
Lokacin da alamu masu zuwa suka bayyana, wannan tilas ne a yi shi da gaggawa:
- Tsatsi, bushe baki.
- Fata fatar jiki.
- Dry da itch fata (itching na dabino da ƙafa).
- Ingwanƙwasawa ko ƙwanƙwasawa a hannun yatsunka.
- Itching a cikin perineum.
- Rashin hangen nesa.
- M cututtuka da yawa.
- Gajiya, rauni mai rauni.
- Matsananciyar yunwa.
- Sau da yawa urination, musamman da dare.
- Cuts, raunuka warkar da talauci, ulcers form.
- Rage nauyi ba shi da nasaba da raunin abinci.
- Tare da karkatar da kugu don maza sama da 102 cm, mata - 88 cm.
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya bayyana bayan mummunan yanayin halin damuwa, cututtukan cututtukan fata na baya, cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri.
Duk wannan ya kamata ya zama dalilin ziyarar likita don sanin irin gwajin da ake buƙatar yi don tabbatarwa ko banbanta game da cutar sankarau.
Gwajin jini ga wanda ake zargi da cutar sankarau
Gwaje-gwajen da suka ba da labari game da tantance masu ciwon sukari sune:
- Gwajin jini don glucose.
- Gwajin gwajin haƙuri.
- Matsayi na haemoglobin.
- Eterayyadewar C-reactive protein.
- Ana yin gwajin glucose na jini a matsayin gwaji na farko ga masu ciwon sukari kuma an nuna shi don zargin cututtukan metabolism na cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan hanta, ciki, karuwar nauyi da cututtukan thyroid.
Ana aiwatar da shi akan komai a ciki, daga abincin da ya gabata yakamata ya wuce awanni takwas. An bincika da safe. Kafin jarrabawa, zai fi kyau a cire yawan aiki na jiki.
Ya danganta da tsarin binciken, sakamakon na iya zama daban. A matsakaici, ƙa'idar tana cikin kewayon daga 4.1 zuwa 5.9 mmol / L.
A matakan al'ada na glucose a cikin jini, amma don nazarin iyawar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don amsa karuwa a cikin glucose, ana yin gwajin haƙuri na glucose (GTT). Ya nuna ɓoyayyiyar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar metabolism. Manuniya ga GTT:
- Yawan kiba.
- Hawan jini.
- Sugarara yawan sukari a lokacin daukar ciki.
- Kwayar polycystic.
- Cutar hanta.
- Dogon lokacin amfani da kwayoyin.
- Zazzabin cizon sauro da kuma cututtukan ciki.
Shirya don gwajin: kwana uku kafin gwajin, kada kuyi canje-canje ga abincin da aka saba, ku sha ruwa a yawan da aka saba, ku guji abubuwan shaye-shaye fiye da kima, dole ne ku daina shan giya don kwana ɗaya, bai kamata ku sha taba kuma shan kofi a ranar gwajin ba.
Gwaji: da safe akan komai a ciki, bayan awa 10 -14 na yunwar, ana auna matakin glucose, to mara lafiya yakamata ya dauki g 75 na glucose da aka narkar dashi cikin ruwa. Bayan haka, ana auna glucose bayan awa daya da awa biyu.
Sakamakon gwaji: har zuwa 7.8 mmol / l - wannan shine dabi'a, daga 7.8 zuwa 11.1 mmol / l - rashin daidaituwa na rayuwa (prediabetes), duk abin da ya fi 11.1 - ciwon sukari.
Glycated haemoglobin yana nuna matsakaicin yawan yawan glucose na jini a cikin watanni ukun da suka gabata. Ya kamata a ba da shi a kowane watanni uku, don gano farkon matakan ciwon sukari da kuma tantance sakamakon maganin da aka wajabta.
Shiri don bincike: ciyar da safe a kan komai a ciki. Kada yakamata ya kasance akwai wadatattun infusions da zubar jini a cikin kwanakin 2-3 na ƙarshe.
Aka auna a matsayin kashi na duka haemoglobin. A yadda aka saba 4.5 - 6.5%, mataki na ciwon suga 6-6.5%, sama da 6.5% ciwon sukari.
Determinationudurin ƙwayar C-mai amsawa yana nuna alamar lalacewar ƙwayar cuta. An nuna hakan don bincike a cikin:
- Gano sukari a cikin fitsari.
- Tare da bayyanar asibiti na ciwon sukari, amma karatun karatun glucose na al'ada.
- Tare da tsinkayar halittar jini ga ciwon sukari.
- Gano alamun cutar siga yayin daukar ciki.
Kafin gwajin, ba za ku iya amfani da asfirin ba, bitamin C, rigakafin hana haihuwa, ba ji ba gani. Ana aiwatar da shi a kan komai a ciki, bayan awa 10 na yunwar, a ranar gwajin zaku iya shan ruwa kawai, ba za ku iya shan taba ba, ku ci abinci. Suna ɗaukar jini daga jijiya.
Ka'ida ga C-peptide daga 298 zuwa 1324 pmol / L. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, yana da girma, matakin digiri na iya zama tare da nau'in 1 da ilimin insulin.
Gwajin hanji don kamuwa da cutar siga
A al'ada, bai kamata sukari a gwajin fitsari ba. Don bincike, zaka iya ɗaukar asarar fitsari safe ko kullun. Nau'in nau'in cutar shine mafi bayani. Don ingantaccen fitsari na yau da kullun, dole ne a bi ka'idodin:
Ana fitar da sashin safe a cikin kwandon ba a sa'o'i shida ba bayan tarin. Sauran ayyukan an tattara su a cikin akwati mai tsabta.
Domin rana guda ba za ku iya cin tumatir, beets, 'ya'yan itacen citrus, karas, kabewa, buckwheat ba.
Bayan ganewa na sukari a cikin fitsari, da kuma wariya da Pathology, wanda zai iya sa shi ya kara - a m pancreatitis, konewa, hormonal kwayoyi, da ganewar asali na ciwon sukari.
Nazarin ilimin halittar mutum da na kwayar halitta
Don zurfin bincike kuma idan akwai shakka cikin ganewar, za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:
- Eterayyade matakin insulin: ƙa'idar ta kasance daga 15 zuwa 180 mmol / l, idan ƙananan, to, yana da insulin-dogara da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 na sukari, idan insulin ya fi yadda yake al'ada ko kuma a cikin iyakokin al'ada, wannan yana nuna nau'in na biyu.
- An ƙaddara kwayoyin anti-cell-pancreatic don maganin asali ko ƙaddarawar nau'in ciwon sukari na 1.
- Magungunan rigakafi zuwa insulin ana samun su a cikin marasa lafiya da ke ɗauke da ciwon sukari na 1 da kuma cikin ciwon suga.
- Tabbatar da alamar masu ciwon sukari - rigakafi zuwa GAD. Wannan takamaiman sunadarin ne, kwayoyin rigakafi ga shi na iya zama shekaru biyar kafin ci gaban cutar.
Idan kuna zargin masu ciwon sukari, yana da matukar muhimmanci a gudanar da bincike da wuri-wuri domin hana ci gaban cututtukan da ke addabar rayuwa. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a san yadda ake gano cutar siga. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai nuna maka abin da kake buƙatar gwadawa don ciwon sukari.
