Kamar yadda ciwon sukari mellitus ke faruwa a kowace shekara, yawan mutanen da suke so su sani ko za a warke nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, kuma ko yana yiwuwa a kawar da ayyukan yau da kullun na insulin a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, yana karuwa.
A halin yanzu na ci gaban ilimi game da cutar sankara, ana la’akari da ita a matsayin wata cuta wacce ake iya inganta rayuwar marasa lafiya sosai, idan aka gina abinci mai gina jiki daidai, sai a bi hanya mai sauƙin motsa jiki da kuma sanya ido a kan lokaci na matakan glucose na jini.
Kula da ciwon sukari na 2 a matsayin cuta na rayuwa wanda ya shafi kin karbar abinci, rage nauyi da kuma shan magunguna don daidaita sukarin jini. Yawancin marasa lafiya suna warke daga ciwon sukari, wanda ke nuna hana ci gaban rikice-rikice na cutar da kuma ci gaba da matakin al'ada na ayyukan zamantakewa da aiwatarwa.
Me yasa nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari ke haɓaka?
Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da haɓakar cuta na rayuwa a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 shine rage yawan masu karɓa don insulin ko tsarin da aka canza, da kuma abubuwan da ke lalata insulin kanta. Kwayar cuta na watsa siginar daga masu karɓa zuwa abubuwan da ke cikin kwastom ɗin na iya haɓaka.
Duk waɗannan canje-canjen sun hade da kalma gama gari - juriya insulin. A wannan yanayin, samar da insulin na iya faruwa a cikin al'ada ko adadi mai yawa. Yadda za a shawo kan juriya na inulin, kuma daidai da haka, yadda ake warkar da ciwon sukari har abada, masana kimiyya har yanzu basu sani ba. Sabili da haka, ba shi yiwuwa a gaskata alkawuran cewa za a iya warke nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Tsayayya ga insulin yana haɓaka cikin kiba, yayin da a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2, ana samun nauyin wuce kima a cikin 82.5% na lokuta. Halittar gado yana haifar da lalacewar metabolism sakamakon yawan motsa jiki, shan sigari, hawan jini da kuma yanayin rayuwa yana haifar da wannan cutar.
Wadanda suka fi kamuwa da wannan nau'in ciwon sukari sune mutane sama da shekaru 40, cike jiki, tare da yawan kitse a cikin nau'in ciki.
Masu karɓa ba su iya fahimtar jikin mai karɓar ƙwayoyin da ke dogara da insulin, wanda ya haɗa da hanta, tsopose da ƙwayoyin tsoka. Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana kamanta shi da irin wannan cuta ta rayuwa:
- An hana halittar glycogen da hada hada sinadarai a jiki.
- Accelearfafa ƙwayoyin glucose a cikin hanta yana hanzarta.
- Wuce yawan glucose a cikin jini da fifikonsa a cikin fitsari.
- An hana aikin protein a ciki.
- Kayan mai yana tarawa a cikin kasusuwa.
Increaseara yawan glucose a cikin jini wanda yake yaduwa yana haifar da haɓaka rikice-rikice na gefen jijiya, kodan, ƙwayar hangen nesa, da kuma lalata lalacewar gado na jijiyoyin jiki.
Kuma idan yana da wahala a warke daga cutar sankara, to akwai damar gaske don hana mummunan ciwo har ma da cuta mai alaƙa da ke tattare da ita.
Kula da cutar sankara tare da rage cin abinci da maganin ganye
Don warkar da mai haƙuri na ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus a cikin lokuta masu sauƙi ko a matakin farko, cikakken canjin abinci da asarar nauyi na iya isa. A wannan yanayin, ana iya samun dogon lokaci na kawar da cutar ba tare da amfani da maganin cutar ba.
Tushen abinci mai dacewa ga masu ciwon sukari shine tabbatar da daidaiton ƙwayoyin carbohydrates, wanda ya dace da matakin aikin jiki, daidai da matsayin su daidai gwargwado tare da sunadarai da ƙima a cikin abincin.
Za'a iya amfani da ƙananan carbohydrates a cikin nau'in halayen hypoglycemic don haɓaka sukari da sauri; a cikin duk sauran halayen, samfuran da ke da alaƙar glycemic index ga masu haƙuri suna da tsananin haramta.
Samfuran masu zuwa suna buƙatar cikakken wariya daga menu don masu ciwon sukari:
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da ruwan' ya'yansu, musamman inabi, ayaba, ɓaure da dabino.
- Sugar, kowane irin kayan kwalliya tare da abun ciki.
- Fararen gari na gari, waina, kayan alade, kuki, waffles.
- Ice cream, kayan zaki, ciki har da cuku gida, yogurts tare da sukari da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
- Semolina, shinkafa da taliya.
- Jam, zuma, 'ya'yan itacen gwangwani, lemu mai tsami.
- Babban Tsarin Cholesterol: Kwakwalwa, Hoda, koda.
- Nama mai kitse, mai, mai dafa abinci.
Babban doka don gina menu ga duk mai sha'awar yadda ake kula da ciwon sukari na 2 shine kulawa da kullun abubuwan da ke cikin raka'a gurasa a cikin samfurori. Ana yin lissafin raka'a abinci (1 XE = 12 g na carbohydrates ko g 20 na burodi) bisa ga tebur. Ya kamata kowane abinci ya ƙunshi fiye da 7 XE.
Ana iya warkewar cutar sankara idan masu haƙuri su ci isasshen abincin da ke ɗauke da abincin fiber, fiber, da kuma bitamin. Waɗannan sun haɗa da kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace da ba a bushe ba. An fi cinye sabo. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don haɗawa da mai kayan lambu da nau'in kifi na nonfat, samfuran madara wanda ba tare da ƙari ba a cikin abincin.
Marasa lafiya tare da ciwon sukari yana buƙatar samun cikakken fahimta game da abincin da yake karɓa a gare shi, yin haɗuwa da maye gurbin jita-jita don fahimtar yadda ake bi da ciwon sukari na nau'in 2 tare da ilimin abinci. Hakanan mahimmanci shine gyaran abinci game da matakin glycemia, aikin jiki kuma tare da canje-canje a cikin rayuwar rayuwa ta yau da kullun.
Akwai girke-girke da yawa waɗanda ke bayyana hanyoyin don magance nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 har abada tare da magungunan jama'a. Kodayake irin wannan shawarar ba ta ba da sakamakon da aka alkawarta ba, yin amfani da magungunan ganye na iya zama da amfani don haɓaka yanayin mai haƙuri gaba ɗaya, rage ci da kuma ƙara tasirin hanyoyin maganin gargajiya.
Za'a iya amfani da ganyayen ganye na ganye a matsayin wata hanya don haɓaka aiki na ƙodan, hanta, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙwanƙwasawa tare da cututtukan cututtukan waɗannan gabobin, tare da maimakon shayi na yau da kullun ko kofi. A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, infusions da kayan ado na irin wannan ganye suna bada shawarar:
- Ganyen gyada, strawberry daji, nettle.
- Ganyen St John's wort, tari, knotweed da horsetail.
- Ganyen wake, albasa da tafarnuwa, Urushalima artichoke.
- Tushen burdock, elecampane, peony da dandelion, chicory.
- Berries na blueberry, ash ash, blackberry, lingonberry da mulberry, elderberry.
Nau'in maganin ciwon suga guda 2
Ana amfani da magungunan masu ciwon sukari don rage matakan glucose na jini da kuma samar da ƙwayoyin abinci da makamashi. Kyakkyawan hanya na likita, wanda aka haɗu tare da abinci mai gina jiki da aikin jiki, zai iya warkar da mafi yawan cututtukan da cutar ta hanyar canja wurin ciwon sukari zuwa matakin diyya.
Magunguna da ake amfani da su don tayar da farji suna da ikon haɓaka samar da insulin. Amfaninsu shine hanzari na aiki, amma a tsarin kulawa ta zamani ana wajabta su kawai dangane da lalata sakamako akan ƙwayoyin beta.
Irin wannan hanyar aiwatarwa ta mallaki abubuwan da suka samo asali na sulfonylurea, wadanda suka hada da Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide, Glyclazide, Glimepride.
Mafi yawan lokuta a cikin shirye-shiryen da aka kirkira - "Yadda za a bi da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin matakan farko", ana amfani da magungunan da ke dauke da Metformin. Wannan magani yana taimakawa kara haɓakar jijiyoyin jiki zuwa insulin kuma yana rage jinkirin shan glucose daga hanji.
Bugu da kari, aikin metformin shima ya wuce zuwa hanta, yana kara hada sinadarin glycogen da tarin hantarsa a hanta, gushewar sa ga glucose yana raguwa, amfani da sinadarin metformin yana karfafa nauyi kuma, a lokaci guda, yana maganin karancin narkewar abinci mai guba, tunda ana rage yawan narkewar jini da karancin sinadarin lipoproteins.
Magungunan da ke ɗauke da metformin suna shiga cibiyar kasuwancin magunguna a ƙarƙashin waɗannan sunayen kasuwanci:
- Glucophage, kamfanin Merck Sante, Faransa ne ya samar.
- Dianormet, Teva, Poland.
- Metfogamma, Dragenofarm, Jamus.
- Metformin Sandoz, Lek, Poland.
- Siofor, Berlin Chemie, Jamus.
Yin amfani da shirye-shiryen Repaglinide da nau'in Nateglinide yana ba ku damar sarrafa yawan sukari wanda ke faruwa a cikin sa'o'i biyu bayan cin abinci - ana kiran su masu tsara prandial. Wannan rukunin magungunan yana nunawa ta hanyar ɗaukar hanzari a hankali da ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Don hana shan glucose daga hanji, ana iya amfani da maganin Acarbose, yana ba ku damar cire carbohydrates daga hanji, yana hana haɓakar sukari. Amfanin magani tare da wannan kayan aiki shine rashiwar hypoglycemia da haɓaka haɓaka matakan insulin.
Magunguna irin su Avandia da Pioglar suna ƙara ƙarfin jijiyar jijiya da ƙwayar tsoka zuwa insulin, suna ƙarfafa tsarin ƙwararrun sunadarai. Tare da yin amfani da su, abubuwan da ke cikin kitse da glucose a cikin jini yana raguwa, hulɗar masu karɓa da insulin yana ƙaruwa.
Don magance matsalar - yadda za a magance nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, kamfanonin masana'antun magunguna suna haɓaka sabbin magunguna, ɗayan sabon ci gaba da likitoci ke amfani da su - Bayetta da Januvia.
Exenatide (Bayetta) simulates kira na hormones a cikin narkewa kamar abinci wanda ya shafi incretins. Zasu iya motsa samuwar insulin a dalilin karuwar glucose daga abinci, haka kuma suna iya hana kwayar ciki, wanda ke taimaka wa marassa lafiyar su rage yawan ci da nauyi.
Januvia (sitagliptin) yana da kayan ƙarfafawa na samar da insulin kuma yana hana sakin glucagon, wanda ke haifar da raguwar raguwar glucose na jini, yana taimakawa mafi sauƙin samun diyya ga masu ciwon sukari na 2.
Za'a iya samar da zaɓin magani don kula da ciwon sukari ga likitan halartar, wanda bayan cikakken bincike na iya zaɓar hanyar da ta dace, kuma idan ya cancanta, canja wurin mai haƙuri daga allunan zuwa insulin.
Sharuɗɗa don canzawa zuwa ilimin insulin ga masu ciwon sukari na iya zama:
- Matsakaicin adadin kwayoyi don rage sukari, wanda tare da abincin ba zai iya tallafawa abubuwan ƙima na glycemia ba.
- A cikin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje: glucose mai azumi ya fi 8 mmol / l, kuma haemoglobin glycated ba ya ragu da ƙasa 7.5% tare da nazarin biyu.
- Ketoacidotic, yanayin hyperosmolar
- Rikici na ciwon sukari a cikin nau'i na mummunan siffofin polyneuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy.
- Cututtukan cututtuka tare da hanya mai nauyi da kuma rashin amfani da maganin rigakafi.
Jiyya na tiyata irin na 2
Tun da kiba da ciwon sukari sune cututtukan da ke inganta alamun juna, kuma tare da raguwa a cikin nauyin jiki, ana iya samun kyakkyawan alamomi na kwantar da hankali kan cutar sankarau, tare da cewa babu wasu hanyoyin kiyaye ra'ayin mazan jiya don magance cututtukan siga, hanyoyin haɓaka na haɓaka sun inganta.
Ayyuka kamar bandeji na ciki, gastroplasty da gastroshunting suna taimakawa don rama ciwon sukari a cikin 60-80% na lokuta. Zaɓin hanyar don rage ƙoshin ciki ya dogara da ƙimar kiba na mai haƙuri.
Ya kamata a fahimci cewa ko da nauyin 90 kilogram a cikin balagagge, a gaban tsinkayen gado yana haifar da ciwon sukari mellitus.
An sami sakamako mafi girma a cikin lura da ciwon sukari na mellitus yayin aikin tiyata na biliopancreatic kewaye - 95%, tare da wannan dabarar, wani ɓangare na duodenum, inda bile da ruwan 'ya'yan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta suka shiga. Ana samo su ne kawai kafin shiga babban hanjin.
Kodayake irin waɗannan ayyukan suna haifar da mummunar rikice-rikice na rayuwa, hypovitaminosis, musamman bitamin mai narkewa, rashi alli, da haɓakar cutar hanta mai ɗorewa, wannan aikin an gane shi a yau a matsayin mafi tsarancin iko wanda zai iya dakatar da kiba da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin kawai yana nuna kulawa da cutar ciwon sukari na 2.
