Ikon kiyaye daidaitaccen glucose a cikin jini yanayi ne mai mahimmanci, saboda ana amfani dashi ga jiki shine babba, wani lokacin kuma shine kawai, tushen kuzari. Aikin kwakwalwa lokacin da yawan motsa jiki a cikin jini ya zama ƙasa da 3 mmol / l kuma sama da 30 mmol / l ya rikice, mutum ya rasa hankali, ya faɗi cikin rashin lafiya.
Sugaraukar sukari na jini ya dogara da daidaituwa tsakanin cin abinci na glucose daga abinci da aikin aikin endocrine a cikin amfani da kafawar sa. Insulin yana rage matakan sukari, da glucagon, catecholamines, corticosteroids, hodar iblis da jima'i.
Canje-canje a cikin daidaito na tsarin hormonal ko rashin abinci mai gina jiki yana haifar da cututtuka na rayuwa, wanda a cikin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki, jijiyoyin jini, na koda, hepatic da narkewa na ciwuka.
Ta yaya jiki yake tsayar da matsakaicin matakin glucose?
Gudanar da glycemia (glucose jini) ya dogara da matakai da yawa na ilimin. Increasearuwar tana faruwa ne bayan cin abinci, tunda ƙananan ƙwayoyin carbohydrates, waɗanda suka haɗa da monosaccharides, suna shiga cikin jini a cikin ciki da hanji. Don haka, glucose da fructose na iya haɓaka matakan sukari nan da nan bayan cin abinci.
Don hadaddun carbohydrates, aikin enzyme amylase, wanda ke karya su zuwa kwayoyin glucose, ya zama dole. Disaccharides - lactose (daga kayan kiwo) da kuma sucrose (duk samfurori da sukari) suna karye cikin sauri, kuma polysaccharides (sitaci, cellulose, pectin) suna da hankali.
Hakanan ana sarrafa matakan glycemia ta hanyar samar da kwayoyin glucose daga amino acid da glycerol, da acid acid. Irin waɗannan matakai suna faruwa a cikin hanta kuma a wani ɓangare a cikin ƙwayar kodan na ciki. Yawancin glucose mai yawa yana canzawa zuwa mai ko glycogen don adana makamashi.
Tare da rashin isasshen glucose, jiki yana fara amfani da shagunan glycogen da mai daga ɗakin ajiyar a cikin hanta, tsokoki da ƙwayar tsopose.
Ragewar glucose matakin yana faruwa tare da yawan zafin jiki, yawan motsa jiki, damuwa. Hakanan za'a iya hade shi da manyan allurai na insulin ko wasu magunguna masu rage sukari, abinci mai tsauri, matsananciyar yunwa.
Increasedara yawan matakan glucose a cikin jini ana kiran shi hyperglycemia kuma yana faruwa sau da yawa tare da rashin insulin, kamar yadda haɗin tsakanin shi da masu karɓa a cikin ƙwayoyin tsokoki, hanta ko mai ya karye. Bayan karɓar abincin da ke kunshe da ƙwayoyin carbohydrates, ana fitar da insulin a cikin kullun don ɗaukar shi - yana ɗaukar ƙwayoyin glucose cikin sel don aiki.
A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, wannan ba ya faruwa, kuma glucose ya kasance yana yaduwa cikin jini, yana haifar da alamun bayyanar cututtuka ga masu ciwon sukari: ƙishirwar ƙishirwa, yawan kumburi, ƙoshin abinci, fatar fata, da rauni. An tabbatar da cewa ban da ciwon sukari mellitus, haɓaka matakin glucose na jini na iya kasancewa a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi:
- Functionara aikin thyroid - thyrotoxicosis.
- Cututtuka na adrenal gland shine yake da glandon ciki.
- Kwayar cuta ta kamuwa da cuta.
- Cututtuka na koda.
- Cututtukan autoimmune.
- Pathology na hanta da kodan.
Baya ga cututtuka, hyperglycemia ana lalacewa ta hanyar shan sigari, shan shaye-shayen shaye-shaye, abubuwan sha, makamashi, diuretics, hormones (estrogen, prednisone, thyroxine).
Kuna iya auna adadin glucose a cikin jini tare da glucometer a gida ko cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ana ba da shawarar yawanci don ba da gudummawar jini bayan hutu na awa 8 a cikin abinci. Har ila yau ana gudanar da nazarin haƙuri game da cutar sankara.
Yaya za a ƙara matakan sukari?
Duk mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari ya kamata ya san yadda zai tsara matakan sukari a cikin jini idan aka rage shi, tunda irin wannan yanayin na iya zama barazanar rayuwa, musamman idan a wannan lokacin yana tuki mota ko yana aiki da duk wani kayan aiki a wuraren aiki.
Hypoglycemia yana shafar marasa lafiya ba kawai tare da ciwon sukari ba, har ma tare da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, isasshen samar da hormones ta hanji, ƙwanƙwasa jini, cututtukan cututtukan hypothalamus, rikice-rikice na nakasar enzymes.
Tare da matsananciyar yunwar, shagunan glycogen sun lalace, wanda zai haifar da ƙarancin sukari na jini. Wannan na iya faruwa tare da tsaftataccen abinci, tsawan azumi na addini, tare da raguwa a cikin athletesan wasan kwararru, lokacin daukar ciki.
Sugararancin sukari na jini na iya zama tare da abinci tare da babban glycemic index. Irin waɗannan yanayi halayen mutane ne waɗanda ake samar da insulin a cikin adadin mai yawa. Bayan cin abinci bayan awa ɗaya, rauni mai ƙarfi yana tasowa a cikin ciwon sukari, sha'awar cin Sweets, shan kofi ko wasu abubuwan sha na tonic.
Tare da ciwon sukari mellitus yayin shan kwayoyin don rage matakan glucose na jini, kuma musamman tare da ilimin insulin, hypoglycemia na iya tsokani:
- Aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
- Wuya ta jiki.
- Shan barasa ko kwayoyi.
- Additionalarin ƙarin shan magungunan da ke ɗauke da lipoic acid, pentoxifylline, tetracycline, Acetylsalicylic acid, cytostatics da beta-blockers.
Don haɓaka matakan sukari, allunan glucose, sukari na yau da kullun, ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai zaki, zuma ko jam sun dace. Bayan harin ya wuce, kuna buƙatar auna matakin sukari bayan wani mintina na 15-20 don gujewa sake dawowarsa. A cikin lokuta masu tsauri, ana gudanar da glucagon intramuscularly.
Rage sukari na jini da abinci mai gina jiki
Idan za a iya cire hypoglycemia nan da nan ta hanyar ɗaukar carbohydrates mai sauƙi, to, tare da haɓakar sukari na jini, kuna buƙatar canza yanayin rayuwarku gaba ɗaya don kula da matakin glucose na yau da kullun. Da farko dai, canje-canje dole ne ya kasance a cikin abincin. Abincin da aka gina daidai yana sa ya yiwu a hana canje-canje kwatsam a cikin sukari, wanda ke rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar siga.
Idan mai ciwon sukari ya manne da tsarin abinci, to a hankali zai iya rage yawan ƙwayoyi don rage sukari, daidaita nauyi, tabbatar da ingantacciyar lafiya da kuma riƙe aiki da ikon aiki shekaru da yawa.
Baya ga shawarwarin abinci na gaba ɗaya, kuna buƙatar haɓaka tsarin ku, kamar yadda hankalin mutum ga wasu rukunin samfuran zai yiwu, saboda haka, zaɓi mafi kyawun shi ne adana littafin abinci kuma zaɓi samfuran da suka dace, suna mai da hankali kan karatun mita.
Ka'idojin hada abinci don ciwon sukari sune:
- Ya kamata a rarraba jimlar adadin carbohydrates a ko'ina cikin rana don allurai 3-4, yayin da kuma sauran 1-2 ya zama bai dace da carbohydrate.
- Duk kayayyakin da suke dauke da sukari tsarkakakke ko kuma ake canza su cikin glucose yakamata a cire su gaba daya.
- Wajibi ne a haɗa cikin samfuran menu tare da fiber na shuka, samfuran furotin mai-mai mai mai da kitse na kayan lambu.
- Fulawa ya kamata ya zama kusan lita 1.5 a kowace rana, baya ga karatuttukan farko da abubuwan sha.
- Gishiri yana iyakance ga 6 g.
- Ba da shawarar ba ne naman alade daga nama, kifi, namomin kaza, da duk abinci mai soyayyen nama da mai mai ci, kayan kiwo.
Domin kada ku haifar da hauhawar glucose, dole ne ku ƙi kowane sukari har abada: gwoza, gwari, launin ruwan kasa, Sweets, marshmallows, waffles, cookies, kek da kek. Hakanan an dakatar da kayayyakin gari daga farin gari. Za'a iya barin giya ga masu ciwon sukari a adadi kaɗan kan masu zaƙin giya.
An cire hatsi na Rice, semolina, dankali da taliya, sauran kuma ana iya cin abinci ba sau ɗaya a rana. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da ruwan' ya'yan itace daga gare su suma an iyakance su, yayin da ba a amfani da inabi da ayaba, kwanan wata da ɓaure a abinci, kamar dukkan ruwan 'ya'yan itace da masana'antar kera, nau'ikan da ba na acid ba na iya zama ƙasa da 100 g a rana.
Kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙari ku ci kayan lambu sabo ko a dafa, ba tare da sara a cikin dankalin turawa ba. Fa'idodi ga masu ciwon sukari mara tsayayye ne: zucchini, kabeji, kabeji, kararrawa mai launin kore, tumatir, Peas matasa da wake, namomin kaza da kwai. Ana iya amfani da samfuran kamar karas, beets da pumpkins, amma ba fiye da sau ɗaya a rana ba.
Abubuwan da ba su da kitse da kifayen abincin teku sun dace a matsayin tushen furotin, nama na iya zama sau da yawa a cikin menu, kuma kowane nau'in abincin gwangwani, naman da aka ƙona, abincin da aka sarrafa da kuma kayan ƙoshin nama ana buƙatar raguwa sosai.
Ya kamata a lura da hankali iri ɗaya yayin amfani da biredi da aka shirya, marinades da duk kayan yaji a jakunkuna - tunda sukari na iya shigar da su. Ba a haɗa da abinci kamar suffar abinci a cikin gaggawa, hatsi, chipsan kwakwalwan kwamfuta da kayan ciye-ciye, da abinci mai sauri, ba a cikin kowane abincin da yake da lafiya.
An ba da izinin samfuran madara matsakaici, mai tsami da kirim mai tsami kada ya ƙunshi fiye da 15%, da cuku gida 9% mai. Kuna iya shan ruwan-madara mai tsami, musamman a cikin gida ba tare da ƙari na sukari ko 'ya'yan itace ba. An ba shi damar haɗawa a cikin abincin abinci mai ƙarancin kitse mai laushi mai laushi ko mai laushi, sai dai ga cheeses da aka sarrafa.
Musamman amfani ga masu ciwon sukari sune irin waɗannan samfurori:
- Kwayabayoyi
- Kudus artichoke.
- Cincin
- Cinnamon da Ginger.
- Oat, buckwheat bran, fiber.
- 'Ya'yan flax
- Wake
- Walnuts.
Gudanar da sukari
Don kiyaye sukari a cikin iyakokin da aka saita daban-daban ga kowane mara lafiya (dangane da yanayin ciwon sukari), ana buƙatar saka idanu akai-akai game da kullun. Lokacin shan kwayoyi a cikin allunan, kuma musamman tare da maganin insulin, aunawa da safe, sa'o'i biyu bayan abincin rana, kafin lokacin kwanciya, kuma mafi yawan lokuta tare da glycemia mara tsayayye, ana bada shawarar.
Sakamakon ciwon sukari yana taimakawa wajen daidaita hanyoyin rayuwa da rage hadarin rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki - bugun zuciya, shanyewar jiki, tashin hankali, lalacewar kodan da tsarin juyayi.
Domin samun nasarar hakan, kuna buqatar bin shawarwarin game da abinci da magani, sannan kuma ku aikata aikin motsa jiki na akalla awanni 30 daidai da matakin shiri da tsananin yanayin. Ga masu ciwon sukari, motsa jiki na wajibi, motsa jiki na numfashi don ciwon sukari, yin iyo, yoga ana bada shawarar.
Hakanan wajibi ne don kulawa da rigakafin damuwa. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da:
- Horarwar Autogenic.
- Yin tunani.
- Massage, reflexology.
- Karawa.
- Amincewa da ganye mai sanyaya: chamomile, lemun tsami, mint, motherwort, valerian.
- Normalize barci, wanda bai zama ƙasa da 8 hours.
Ga mutane da yawa, ayukan hutu da ayukan hutu suna taimakawa wajen sauyawar hankalin daga kwastomomi marasa kyau da karfin tashoshi ta hanya mai kyau.
