Yawancin marasa lafiya waɗanda suka sami hauhawar jini suna da sha'awar tambaya, a wane matakin sukari na jini suke bincikar ciwon sukari? Pathology ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a duniya baki ɗaya wanda yana ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ke jawo mutuwa.
Sun daɗe suna magana game da lambobin tsoro: a Rasha kadai, mutane miliyan 9.6 suna fama da ciwon sukari.
Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan da ake amfani da su kafin ayi bincike. Duk wani bincike ya ƙunshi alamomi daban-daban na ƙa'idar aiki, wanda kowane mutum yake buƙatar sani game da shi. A kan tushen waɗannan dabi'un ne likitocin ke tantance ciwon.
Alamu da rikitarwa na cutar
Ci gaban nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana haifar da shi ta rashin lafiyan cuta. A farkon lamari, ana dakatar da samar da sinadarin rage sukari a sanadiyyar lalacewar kwayoyin beta da ke cikin ɗakin islet na pancreas.
A cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, akwai rushewa a cikin cikakkiyar tsinkayen insulin ta hanyar ƙwayoyin masu niyya. Kodayake samar da hormone ba ya tsayawa, matakan glucose na jini a hankali suna ƙaruwa.
A wane yanayi ne ake gano ciwon sukari? Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar kula da alamu irin su bushewar bushe, ƙishirwa mai yawa da urination akai-akai. Wadannan canje-canje a cikin jiki suna faruwa ne saboda karuwar damuwa akan kodan - ƙwayar da aka haɗa tare da cire duk gubobi daga jiki, gami da sukari mai yawa. Bayan waɗannan alamun, akwai wasu alamun jikin mutum da yawa waɗanda ke nuna karuwar sukarin jini:
- asarar nauyi mai sauri;
- babu makawa jin yunwar;
- hawan jini;
- tsananin fushi da ciwon kai;
- narkewa cikin damuwa (zawo, amai, flatulence);
- tashin hankali da nutsuwa;
- fata na fata da itching;
- dogon rauni waraka, bayyanar ulcers;
- haila rashin daidaituwa;
- erectile tabarbarewa;
- tingling da numbness na wata gabar jiki.
Idan kun sami irin waɗannan alamun a cikin kanku, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar likitanku cikin gaggawa. Idan ana zargin cutar sankara, likitan ya umarci mara lafiyar ya yi wasu gwaje-gwaje. Sakamakon binciken ya taimaka wajan bayyana ko yin gwaji.
Dole ne mu manta cewa ganewar asali da maganin cutar na iya haifar da rikice-rikice. Tare da rikicewar yanayin rayuwa na tsawon lokaci, musamman abubuwan carbohydrates, waɗannan cututtukan masu zuwa suna bayyana:
- Ciki na motsa jiki yana buƙatar asibiti mai gaggawa.
- Ketoacidotic coma, sakamakon tara tarin jikin ketone da ke lalata jikin mutum. Mafi kyawun alamar ci gabanta shine ƙanshin acetone daga bakin.
- Micro da macroangiopathies, wanda ya haɗa da retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy da ƙafa mai ciwon sukari.
Bugu da ƙari, an lura da wasu rikice-rikice, kamar cututtukan zuciya, glaucoma, cataract.
Manuniya masu ciwon sukari
Hanyar da ta fi shahara kuma mafi sauri don tantance taro glucose shine gwajin jini. Dukkanin capillary da venous jini ana amfani dasu don tarawa. Da farko, mara lafiya ya kamata ya shirya don binciken.
Don yin wannan, ba za ku iya cin abinci mai yawa da yawa ba kuma ku cika kanku sosai a rana ta ƙarshe kafin ku ba da gudummawar jini. Sau da yawa, ana ɗaukar kwayoyin halitta akan ciki mara kan gado, kodayake yana yiwuwa bayan abinci. A cikin lamari na biyu, an ba wa mai haƙuri gilashin ruwa tare da sukari mai narkewa a gwargwadon 1/3. Irin wannan bincike ana kiransa gwajin nauyi ko gwajin haƙuri.
Yakamata mara lafiya ya lura da abubuwanda ke haifar da karatuttukan glucose. Waɗannan sun haɗa da cututtukan da ke kama da na huda, ciki, gajiya, da damuwa. A irin waɗannan halayen, wajibi ne a jinkirta bincike don ɗan lokaci.
Tare da waɗannan alamomi masu zuwa, likitan likita ya jawo wasu kammalawa:
- kullun akan komai a ciki, ma'anar glycemic shine daga 3.5 zuwa 5.5 mmol / l, bayan shan ruwa tare da sukari ƙasa da 7.8 mmol / l;
- tare da preddit a kan komai a ciki, ma'anar glycemic shine daga 5.6 zuwa 6.1 mmol / l, bayan shan ruwa tare da sukari daga 7.8 zuwa 11.0 mmol / l;
- tare da dibet a kan komai a ciki, ma'anar glycemic ta fi 6.1 mmol / l, bayan shan ruwa tare da sukari fiye da 11.0 mmol / l;
Bugu da kari, zaku iya tantance sukarin jini a gida ta amfani da glucometer. Koyaya, yuwuwar cewa na'urar zata nuna kuskuren sakamako ya kai 20%. Saboda haka, tare da sakamako mai sanyin gwiwa, kada ku firgita nan da nan, wataƙila kun yi kuskure kawai. Don gano game da kasancewar ciwon sukari a cikin lokaci, WHO ta ba da shawarar cewa duk mutanen da ke cikin haɗari su ɗauki gwajin glucose aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowane watanni shida.
Yaushe ne ake gano ciwon sukari banda gwajin jini? Hakanan ana gudanar da gwajin gwajin haemoglobin (HbA1C). Duk da cewa binciken yayi daidai gwargwado matakin sukari, ana yin shi tsawon watanni uku. Sakamakon bincike shine matsakaici mai nuna alamar glucose a cikin wani lokaci (galibi watanni uku). Alamomi masu zuwa suna nuna:
- Game da rashi na cutar sankara - daga 3 zuwa 5 mmol / l.
- Game da cutar sankarar bargo - daga 5 zuwa 7 mmol / l.
- Game da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa - daga 7 zuwa 9 mmol / l.
- Game da decompensated ciwon sukari - a kan 12 mmol / l.
Bugu da kari, domin likita ya gano cutar sankara, a wasu lokuta ana wajabta gwajin fitsari don sukari. A cikin mutum mai lafiya, bai kamata glucose a cikin ruwan jiki. Don ƙayyade tsananin da rikicewar cutar, ana bincika fitsari don abubuwan acetone da sunadarai.
Don tabbatar da wane nau'in ciwon sukari da mai haƙuri yake da shi, ana amfani da binciken C-peptide.
Yaya za a hana ci gaban ciwon sukari?
Idan nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari ya faru ne sakamakon asalin ƙwayar cuta a cikin ƙananan yara, to, ciwon sukari na 2 ya fara ne saboda yawan kiba. Babu wani abin da za a yi tare da ƙarancin gado, amma zaka iya kuma dole ne a ƙara ƙarin fam.
Ofaya daga cikin manyan abubuwanda ke yin rigakafi da magani na ciwon sukari shine daidaitaccen tsarin abinci da kuma riƙe nauyin al'ada.
Don yin wannan, mai haƙuri ya ware waɗannan samfuran masu cutarwa daga abincin:
- cakulan, kayan lemo, kek da sauran Sweets;
- 'ya'yan itatuwa masu zaki: inabi, ayaba, gooseberries, apricots da sauransu;
- sausages, sausages, kyafaffen nama, pastes, sprats;
- duk wani mai kitse da soyayyen abinci.
Don cimma asarar nauyi, mai ciwon sukari yakamata yayi motsa jiki a jiki. Ana iya yin motsa jiki don maganin cutar sankara ko da rana. Idan mai haƙuri bai shiga cikin wasanni na dogon lokaci ba, zaku iya farawa tare da tafiya mai sauƙi. Akwai fasahohin tafiya da yawa, misali, Scandinavian ko terrenkur. A tsawon lokaci, marasa lafiya na iya ƙara yawan damuwa ta hanyar sarrafa kwayar su. Bayan haka zaku iya tafiya don iyo, wasanni, gudu, yoga, Pilates, da sauransu. Saboda motsa jiki yana kara haɗarin raguwa sosai a cikin glucose, masu ciwon sukari ya kamata koyaushe suna da ɗan sukari, kuki, ko alewa tare da su.
Don guje wa duk wani mummunan sakamako, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya tafi ofishin likita kuma yayi shawara game da wasanni da abinci. Don tsayar da abinci mai dacewa lokacin da aka gano ciwon sukari, dole ne a haɗa cikin abincinku:
- 'Ya'yan itacen da ba a sansu ba: peach, lemun tsami, lemo, lemu kore.
- Fresh kayan lambu (ganye, ganye, tumatir, cucumbers).
- Kayan kayayyakin madara.
- Kayan mai kifin da kifi (naman sa, kaza, hake, da sauransu).
- Gurasar M.
Bugu da kari, mutanen da ke cikin hadarin kamuwa da ciwon suga ya kamata su duba matakan glucose din su akai-akai. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar na'urar glucometer, wanda haƙuri zai iya gano sauri na glycemia. Idan kun sami sakamakon da ba a so, binciken likita ba za a iya cire shi daga shiryayye ba.
Don ƙwararren likita ya binciki nau'in 2 ko nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, dole ne ya kasance mai ƙarfin zuciya game da haɓakar glucose. Don yin wannan, ana gudanar da bincike. Don samun ƙarin ingantaccen sakamako, yana da kyau a ɗauki bincike sau biyu zuwa uku. Dangane da binciken, likita ya yanke shawara da ta dace.
Ya kamata a lura cewa akwai hanyoyi da yawa don gano cutar. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine tantance mafi kyawun zaɓi don kanka. Anan akwai buƙatar la'akari da sauri da ingancin bincike. Saboda haka, ana daukar gwajin sukari na jini mafi inganci. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai taimaka maka gano abin da ake ɗauka a matsayin al'ada na sukari a cikin ciwon sukari.
