A halin yanzu ana yin nazari a cikin Statins da ciwon sukari mellitus kuma masana kimiyya daga ko'ina cikin duniya suna yin muhawara mai zafi. Yawancin karatu da suka yi amfani da tasirin placebo sun sami damar tabbatar da cewa statins suna rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar cututtukan zuciya.
A lokaci guda, akwai abubuwan lura da yawa waɗanda ke nuna gaskiyar cewa statins a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar haɓaka. Musamman, a cikin masu ciwon sukari, akwai karuwa a cikin sukari na jini, sakamakon abin da dole ne ku ɗauki Metformin ko canzawa zuwa sartans.
A halin yanzu, likitoci da yawa suna ci gaba da tsara magunguna don ciwon sukari. Yaya gaskiyar waɗannan ayyukan likitoci kuma zai yiwu ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari su ɗauki gumaka?
Yaya statins ke shafar jikin?
Cholesterol kwaro ne na halitta mai alaƙa da ke shiga cikin samar da kwayoyin halittar mace da namiji, yana ba da isasshen ƙwayar cuta a cikin sel.
Koyaya, tare da wuce haddi a cikin jiki, mummunan cuta - atherosclerosis na iya haɓaka. Wannan yana haifar da rushewar al'ada aikin tasoshin jini kuma yakan haifar da mummunan sakamako, wanda mutum zai iya wahala dashi. Marasa lafiya yawanci yana da hauhawar jini saboda yawan tarin filayen cholesterol.
Statins sune magungunan kwantar da hankali wanda ke rage yawan lipids na jini ko cholesterol da ƙarancin lipoproteins - jigilar cholesterol. Magungunan warkewa sune roba, Semi-roba, na halitta, gwargwadon nau'in asalinsu.
Mafi yawan tasirin lipid-lowering sakamako ana aiki da atorvastatin da rosuvastatin asali. Irin waɗannan kwayoyi suna da tabbataccen tushe.
- Da farko dai, statins suna kashe enzymes wadanda ke taka rawa muhimmi a rufin cholesterol. Tunda yawan lipids na dorine a wannan lokacin ya kai kashi 70 cikin dari, ana daukar hanyar aiwatar da magunguna a matsayin babbar hanyar kawar da matsalar.
- Hakanan, ƙwayar tana taimakawa wajen ƙara yawan masu karɓuwa don jigilar nau'ikan cholesterol a cikin hepatocytes. Wadannan abubuwa na iya tarko da sinadarin lipoproteins wanda ke yawo a cikin jini ya watsa su cikin sel hanta, a ina kan aiwatar cire kayan sharar gida na abubuwa masu cutarwa daga jini.
- Ciki harda da mutum-mutumi baya bada izinin kwashe kitsen a cikin hanji, wanda hakan zai rage yawan sinadarin cholesterol.
Baya ga manyan ayyuka masu amfani, gumakan ma suna da tasirin jin dadi, wato, za su iya yin aiki a kan “manufa” da yawa a lokaci daya, da inganta yanayin mutum gaba daya. Musamman, mara lafiya da yake shan magungunan da ke sama yana ɗanɗano cigaban lafiyar da ke gaba:
- Halin da ke cikin jijiyoyin jini yana inganta;
- Ayyukan ayyukan kumburi yana raguwa;
- An hana ƙwanƙwasa jini;
- Spasms of arteries samar da myocardium tare da jini an cire su;
- A cikin myocardium, haɓakar ƙwayoyin jini da aka sabunta;
- Hauhawar jini na rage jini.
Wato, za mu iya cewa a amince cewa statins suna da tasirin warkewa sosai. Likita ya zabi mafi inganci sashi, yayin da mafi karancin magani na iya samun sakamako na warkewa.
Babban ƙari shine mafi ƙarancin sakamako masu illa na jiyya a cikin lura da statins.
Statins da nau'ikan su
A yau, yawancin likitoci sunyi imanin cewa rage yawan cholesterol na jini a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 shine muhimmin mataki don dawowa. Don haka, waɗannan magunguna, kamar Sartans, an wajabta su tare da kwayoyi irin su Metformin. Ciki harda da mutum-mutumi ana yawan amfani dashi koda tare da kwalayen al'ada don hana atherosclerosis.
Magunguna na wannan rukuni an rarrabe su ta hanyar abun da ke ciki, sashi, sakamako masu illa. Likitoci suna ba da kulawa ta musamman ga abin da ya gabata, sabili da haka, ana aiwatar da ilimin a ƙarƙashin kulawa na likita. Abubuwan da ke biyo baya sune nau'ikan magunguna don rage cholesterol na jini.
- Ana samar da miyagun ƙwayoyi Lovastatin ta amfani da sabulun da ke gudana a cikin aikin.
- Wani magani mai kama da wannan shine maganin simvastatin.
- Magungunan Pravastatin shima yana da tsari iri daya da tasiri.
- Magunguna na yau da kullun sun haɗa da Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, da Rosuvastatin.
Mafi inganci da magungunan da aka yi amfani dasu shine rosuvastatin. A cewar kididdigar, cholesterol a cikin jinin mutum bayan magani tare da irin wannan magani na makonni shida ana rage shi da kashi 45-55. Pravastatin ana ɗauka mafi ƙarancin ƙwayoyi, yana rage cholesterol da kashi 20-35 kawai.
Farashin magunguna ya sha bamban da junan su, gwargwadon mai samarwa. Idan za'a iya sayan allunan 30 na Simvastatin a kantin magani kusan 100 rubles, to farashin Rosuvastatin ya bambanta daga 300 zuwa 700 rubles.
Ana iya samun sakamako na warkewa na farko ba tare da wata-wata ba bayan wata daya na maganin yau da kullun. Dangane da sakamakon maganin, an rage samar da cholesterol ta hanta, rage kwafin cholesterol a cikin hanji daga kayayyakin da aka dauka, an riga an kawar da kwalayen kwalaji a cikin kogin jijiyoyin jini.
An nuna alamun yin amfani da:
- atherosclerosis;
- cututtukan zuciya, barazanar bugun zuciya;
- ciwon sukari mellitus don hana ko rage rikicewar jijiyoyin jini.
Wasu lokuta ana iya ganin bayyanar filayen atherosclerotic har ma da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
A wannan yanayin, ana iya bada shawarar maganin don magani.
Ciwon sukari mellitus da cututtukan zuciya
Tare da ciwon sukari, akwai babban haɗari na sakamako mara kyau a cikin filin tsarin zuciya. Masu ciwon sukari sau biyar zuwa goma sun fi kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya fiye da mutanen da ke da sukari na jini. Kashi 70 cikin 100 na waɗannan marassa lafiya sakamakon rikice-rikice suna da sakamako mai mutuwa.
A cewar wakilan Heartungiyar Haɗin Zuciyar Amurka, mutane masu fama da cutar sukari da waɗanda ke fama da cutar sankara da ƙwayar cuta suna da irin wannan haɗari na mutuwa sakamakon haɗarin zuciya. Don haka, ciwon sukari ba cuta ce mai ƙaranci ba fiye da ciwon zuciya.
A cewar kididdigar, ana gano cututtukan zuciya na zuciya a cikin kashi 80 na mutanen da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 2. A cikin kashi 55 na lokuta a cikin irin waɗannan mutane, mutuwa tana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin ƙarfi daga cikin zuciya da a cikin kashi 30 cikin ɗari sakamakon bugun jini. Dalilin wannan shine cewa marasa lafiya suna da takamaiman abubuwan haɗari.
Waɗannan abubuwan haɗari ga masu ciwon sukari sun haɗa da:
- Sugarara yawan sukarin jini;
- Samuwar insulin juriya;
- Asedara yawan insulin a cikin jinin mutum;
- Haɓaka furotin na furotin;
- Increaseara yawan saurin lalacewa a cikin alamun glycemic.
Gabaɗaya, haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya yana ƙaruwa tare da:
- ɗaukar nauyi na gado;
- wani zamani;
- kasancewar halaye marasa kyau;
- rashin motsa jiki;
- tare da hauhawar jini;
- hypercholesterolemia;
- dyslipidemia;
- ciwon sukari mellitus.
Increasearuwar yawan ƙwayoyin cholesterol a cikin jini, canji a cikin adadin atherogenic da antiatherogenic lipids abubuwa ne masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke kara haɗarin haɓakar cututtukan cututtukan zuciya. Kamar yadda binciken kimiyya daban-daban suka nuna, bayan daidaituwar waɗannan alamomin, da alama yiwuwar cututtukan cututtukan ya ragu sosai.
Ganin cewa ciwon sukari yana da mummunar tasiri a cikin tasoshin jini, da alama ya dace don zaɓar statins a matsayin hanyar kulawa. Koyaya, shin wannan hanya ce madaidaiciya don magance cutar, shin marasa lafiya za su iya zaɓar Metformin ko ƙirar da aka gwada shekaru mafi kyau?
Statins da ciwon sukari: karfinsu da fa'ida
Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa statins da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na iya dacewa. Irin waɗannan magunguna suna rage ba kawai cutar jiki ba, har ma da mace-mace sakamakon cutar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini a tsakanin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari. Metformin, kamar statins, yana da tasiri daban-daban akan jiki - yana rage glucose jini.
Mafi sau da yawa, magani da ake kira Atorvastatin yana ƙarƙashin binciken kimiyya. Hakanan a yau, miyagun ƙwayoyi Rosuvastatin sun sami sanannun shahara. Duk waɗannan magunguna sune statins kuma suna da asalin halitta. Masana kimiyya sun gudanar da nau'ikan karatu da dama, wanda ya hada da CARDS, PLANET da TNT CHD - DM.
An gudanar da binciken CARDS tare da halartar masu ciwon sukari na nau'in cuta na biyu, wanda sigogi na ƙarancin lipoprotein marasa ƙarfi bai wuce 4.14 mmol / lita ba. Hakanan a tsakanin marasa lafiya ya zama dole don zaɓar waɗanda ba su da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa, ƙwayar hanji da jijiyoyin zuciya.
Kowane mutumin da ya shiga binciken binciken yana da alal akalla haɗarin haɗari:
- Hawan jini;
- Rashin maganin ciwon sukari;
- Albuminuria
- Shan taba sigari.
Kowane haƙuri ya ɗauki atorvastatin a cikin adadin 10 MG kowace rana. Controlungiyar kula da sarrafawa ita ce ɗaukar hoto.
Dangane da gwajin, a tsakanin mutanen da suka dauki mutum-mutumi, hadarin kamuwa da bugun jini ya ragu da kashi 50, kuma da yiwuwar samun hauhawar cikin zuciya, rashin kwanciyar hankali, sanadiyyar mutuwar jijiyoyin jini ya ragu da kashi 35 cikin dari. Tunda aka samo kyakkyawan sakamako kuma an gano alfanun fili, an dakatar da karatun ne shekaru biyu da suka gabata fiye da yadda aka tsara.
A yayin nazarin PLANET, ƙimar nephroprotective wanda Atorvastatin da Rosuvastatin suka mallaka an kwatanta su kuma sunyi nazari. Na farko PLANET da nayi gwaji sun hada da marasa lafiya da aka gano suna dauke da nau'in I da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Masu halarta a cikin gwajin PLANET II mutane ne da ke da glucose na jini.
Kowane ɗayan marasa lafiyar da aka yi nazari an haɗa shi da babban cholesterol da proteinurur matsakaici - kasancewar furotin a cikin fitsari. Dukkanin mahalarta sun kasu kashi biyu. Rukunin farko sun ɗauki nauyin 80 na atorvastatin kowace rana, na biyu kuma sun ɗauki 40 mg na rosuvastatin. An gudanar da karatun ne tsawon watanni 12.
- Kamar yadda binciken kimiyya ya nuna, a cikin marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari waɗanda suka dauki Atorvastatin, matakan furotin fitsari sun ragu da kashi 15 cikin dari.
- Kungiyar da ke shan magani na biyu sun sami raguwar matakin furotin na kashi 20 cikin dari.
- Gabaɗaya, furotin ba ya ɓace daga ɗaukar Rosuvastatin. A lokaci guda, an sami raguwar raguwar yawan fitsari a duniya, yayin da bayanai daga amfani da Atorvastatin suke kamar ba a canza su ba.
Binciken da nayi nazari ya samo a cikin kashi 4 na mutanen da suka zabi zabi rosuvastatin, gazawar asali na koda, da kuma yawan shakkuwar kwayoyin halitta. A cikin mutane. shan atorvastatin, an sami rikice-rikice a cikin kawai 1 bisa dari na marasa lafiya, yayin da ba a gano wani canji a cikin ƙwayoyin serum creatinine ba.
Don haka, ya juya cewa maganin Rosuvastatin da aka karɓa, idan aka kwatanta da analog, ba shi da kaddarorin kare kodan. Ciki har da magani na iya zama haɗari ga mutanen da ke ɗauke da ciwon sukari iri iri da kuma kasancewar proteinuria.
Nazari na uku na TNT CD-DM yayi nazari game da tasirin atorvastatin akan hadarin ƙirƙirar haɗarin zuciya a cikin cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya da kuma nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Marasa lafiya ya sha kashi 80 na magani a rana. Controlungiyar sarrafawa ta ɗauki wannan magani a sashi na 10 MG kowace rana.
Dangane da sakamakon gwajin, ya juya ga cewa rashin yiwuwar rikice-rikice a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin zuciya ya ragu da kashi 25 cikin dari.
Abin da zai iya zama mutum-mutumi mai haɗari
Bugu da kari, masana kimiyyar Jafananci sun gudanar da gwaje-gwajen kimiyya da yawa, sakamakon abin da ya yuwu a sami cikakkiyar shawarar da yawa. A wannan yanayin, masanan kimiyya dole ne suyi tunani sosai game da ko zasu sha waɗannan nau'ikan magungunan don ciwon sukari na 2.
Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa bayan ɗaukar mutum-mutumi, akwai wasu maganganu na lalata cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, wanda a cikin sa ya haifar da bincike mai zurfi game da kwayoyi.
Masana kimiyyar Jafananci sunyi ƙoƙarin yin nazarin yadda Atorvastatin a cikin adadin 10 MG yana shafar haɗuwa da glycated haemoglobin da sukari jini. Tushen shine matsakaicin glucose a cikin watanni uku da suka gabata.
- An gudanar da gwajin ne na tsawon watanni uku, masu dauke da cutar 76 da ke dauke da cutar sukari nau’in 2 sun shiga ciki.
- Binciken ya tabbatar da hauhawar haɓakar metabolism na metabolism.
- A cikin binciken na biyu, an ba da maganin a cikin kashi ɗaya don mutane masu ciwon sukari da dyslipidemia.
- A yayin gwajin wata biyu, an sami raguwar yawan ƙwayoyin liheids da ƙara haɓaka na haemoglobin na lokaci guda.
- Hakanan, marasa lafiya sun nuna karuwa a cikin juriya na insulin.
Bayan samun irin wannan sakamakon, masanan kimiyyar Amurka sun gudanar da bincike mai zurfi na meta. Manufar su shine gano yadda statins ke shafar metabolism metabolism da kuma tantance haɗarin ciwon sukari yayin jiyya tare da statins. Wannan ya haɗa da duk wani binciken kimiyya da aka gabatar a baya wanda ke da alaƙa da haɓakar kamuwa da cutar siga mai nau'in 2.
Dangane da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen, yana yiwuwa a samo bayanan da suka bayyana a tsakanin batutuwa 255 guda ɗaya na haɓaka nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na cututtukan fata bayan an magance shi tare da statins. A sakamakon haka, masana kimiyya sun ba da shawarar cewa waɗannan magungunan na iya shafar metabolism metabolism.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙididdigar lissafi sun gano cewa ga kowane ganewar asali na ciwon sukari akwai maganganun 9 na rigakafin bala'i na zuciya.
Saboda haka, a wannan lokacin yana da wahala a yanke hukunci game da amfanin ko, a akasin haka, statins suna da lahani ga masu ciwon sukari. A halin yanzu, likitoci suna da tabbacin samun babban ci gaba a cikin tattarawar lipids na jini a cikin marasa lafiya bayan amfani da kwayoyi. Sabili da haka, idan duk da haka ana bi da shi tare da statins, yana da mahimmanci a kula da matakan carbohydrate.
Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a san waɗanne magunguna ne suka fi kyau kuma ku sha kawai magani mai kyau. Musamman, ana bada shawara don zaɓar gumakan da ke cikin rukunin hydrophilic, wato, za su iya narke cikin ruwa.
Daga cikinsu akwai Rosuvastatin da Pravastatin. A cewar likitocin, wadannan kwayoyi suna da tasiri sosai a cikin metabolism metabolism. Wannan zai haɓaka tasiri na jiyya kuma ya guji haɗarin haifar da mummunan sakamako.
Don magani da rigakafin ciwon sukari yana da kyau a yi amfani da hanyoyin da aka tabbatar. Don rage cholesterol na jini, ya zama dole don daidaita abincin, tare da haɓaka nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, an bada shawarar ɗaukar magungunan Metformin 850, wanda aka ba da shawarar sosai, ko sartans.
An bayyana Statins a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
