Dukkanin cututtuka suna da takamaiman adadin yaduwa. Cututtukan narkewa da raunin su shine na uku, cututtukan cuta suna kan na biyu, kuma cututtukan cututtukan zuciya suna ɗaukar dabino.
Sun haɗa da mummunan infarction myocardial; ischemic da basur; zurfin jijiyoyin jini na ƙananan ƙarshen; atherosclerosis. Wannan ba cikakken jerin cututtukan bane, kawai sune na kowa. Dukkansu suna haifar da hatsari ga lafiyar ɗan adam da rayuwa.
Abin da ya sa ke haifar da magunguna don magance cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jiki suna da irin wannan girma, kuma kusan kowane kamfanin kera magunguna yana da akalla ƙwayoyi guda na wannan sakamako.
Sanadin Cutar zuciya
Cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya suna haɓaka saboda dalilai daban-daban. Akwai abubuwan da ba za a iya canza su ba - jinsi, shekaru, da gado. Kuma akwai haɗarin da za a iya canza su don hana ci gaban ilimin halittu.
Abubuwan da suka shafi gyara sun hada da:
- Shan sigari - reshen nicotine mai guba ne ga jikin ɗan adam. Lokacin da suka shiga cikin jini ta hanyar cibiyar sadarwa mai tsayi, sai suka zazzage bakin cikin jiragen, suka shiga bango, suna hadewa cikin membrane, wanda hakan yasa ya tsage kuma microcracks ya faru. Filasta, waɗanda ke rufe lahani, yayin da suke ba da dalilai na coagulation, suna haɗuwa da waɗannan raunin. Sannan lipids ana haɗe da wannan wurin, a hankali yana tarawa da kuma rage bakin aikin. Don haka yana farawa atherosclerosis, yana kai ga ci gaba da cututtukan zuciya da, daga baya, zuwa infarction myocardial;
- Yawan kiba. Tashin da aka tara lokacin abinci mai gina jiki ana rarraba shi ba tare da matsala ba, na farko yana tattara abubuwan da ke jikin gabobin. Saboda wannan, aikinsu ya katse, zuciya da manyan jiragen ruwa suna wahala. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa tare da kiba, matakin ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa yana ƙaruwa kuma matakin babban lipoproteins mai yawa yana raguwa, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga bayyanuwar cutar;
- Hypodynamia - yana haifar da rauni na tsoka wanda baya goyan bayan sautin jijiyoyin jiki, wanda ke haifar da dimawarwar zuwa bakin ciki da atrophy. Wannan yana haifar da lahani cikin ganuwar jijiyoyin jiki;
- Barasa giya - yana haifar da maye ga jiki baki ɗaya, yana shafar tasoshin jini da lalata hepatocytes. Yana da tasiri a kan cafin vena, babban jirgin ruwa na hepatic. Toxins suna tarawa a jikin bangon tsoka, suna zubarwa da nakasa shi.
A ƙarƙashin tasirin waɗannan abubuwan haɗari akan ɗan adam, harma da damuwa, gajiya mai rauni da cututtukan haɗin gwiwa, atherosclerosis yana haɓaka - haɗin farko na cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.
Tare da shi, filayen halitta akan bangon jijiyoyin jini daga cholesterol, wanda kan aiwatar da haɓaka ya toshe hanyoyin jini.
Hanyar Kulawar Atherosclerosis
Wannan cuta babbar matsala ce, kamar yadda kowane tsoho na uku ke tasowa bayan shekaru 50. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa duk kamfanonin kera magunguna sun mayar da hankali kan haɓakar magani a kan atherosclerosis.
Koyaya, ana amfani da hanyar rigakafin farko. Increaseara yawan aiki na jiki, aƙalla har zuwa awa ɗaya a rana (wanda zai iya zama caji ko abubuwa masu dumama, ko tafiya mai ƙarfi ko tafiya a cikin iska mai tsayi), yana rage haɓakar atherosclerosis da 40%. Idan ka canza abincin ka kuma kara dashi, ban da nama, hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, to hadarin zai ragu da wani kashi 10%. Tsaya shan taba shan kashi ɗaya daga cikin hadarin.
Idan duk waɗannan matakan sun kasance marasa tasiri, magunguna suna cikin hanyoyin magani. Magunguna masu rage kumburi na yau da kullun tare da ingantaccen sakamako an kirkiresasu ne kawai shekaru talatin da suka gabata, kafin a aiwatar da wannan maganin ta hanyar kwayoyin jima'i na mata - estrogens, nicotinic acid, jerin abubuwan mai. Sun nuna sakamako mai rashin nasara - yawan mace-mace daga cututtukan hanji ya ƙaru da yawa.
A cikin 1985, kamfanin samar da magunguna na kasar Jamus Pfizer ya ba da sabon magani - Atorvastatin. An kafa a kan shi, tare da ƙari na mahaɗa masu taimako, an yi magunguna na farko tare da sakamako mai kama da wannan, Liprimar. Ya toshe enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, yana katse hanyoyin aikin cholesterol a cikin hanta a matakin samuwar cholesterol precursor - mevalonate.
A cikin bazuwar, makafin binciken, an bayyana tasirin asibiti na atorvastatin. Sakamakon haka, aka gano raguwar matakin lipoproteins mai ƙarancin yawa zuwa 40%.
Idan marasa lafiya suna da hauhawar jini a jijiya, Atorvastatin a kashi 5 zuwa 20 na milligram na shekaru uku na monotherapy yana rage haɗarin haɓakar infitar cutar myocardial da kashi 35%.
Umarnin don amfani da maganin Liprimar
Liprimar yana da cikakkun bayanai don amfani.
Kafin amfani da wannan magani don rage yawan lipids a cikin jini, ya kamata koyaushe nemi shawara ga likitanka.
Duk alamun da ke nuna amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi suna cikin umarnin don amfanin maganin:
Babban alamu sune kamar haka:
- kasancewar hauhawar jini a jijiyoyin marasa lafiya - karuwa a yawan adadin matsin lamba daga 160/100 mm Hg kuma sama;
- angina pectoris, aji na uku aiki;
- karancin infarction cikin zuciya;
- mai sauƙi (ƙara LDL), gauraye (ƙara LDL da VLDL) ko dangi (gaji, cuta) hypercholesterolemia fiye da 6 mmol / l, wanda ba a dakatar da shi ta hanyar gyaran rayuwa ba;
- atherosclerosis.
A layi daya tare da magani tare da magani, ya kamata ku manne wa tsarin abinci, motsa jiki da kuma barin ɗabi'a mara kyau.
Oauki baki ba tare da fasa ko cin ɗan tebur ba. Sha ruwa da yawa. Adadin farawa don farawar hypercholesterolemia shine 10 MG a kowace rana, bayan wata daya na lura da kuzarin maganin, ana daidaita matakin zuwa sama, idan ya cancanta. Tare da familial hypercholesterolemia, sashi ya fi girma girma, kuma shine 40-80 mg. Ana ba da shawarar yara 10 kawai a kowace rana.
Matsakaicin adadin kowace rana ga manya shine 80 MG. A lokacin jiyya, wajibi ne don kula da tsofaffin enzymes na hanta, idan sun wuce fiye da sau 3, An soke Liprimar.
Akwai sakamako masu yawa daga amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, manyan sune masu biyowa:
- Neuropathy, rikicewar bacci, ciwon kai, paresthesias.
- Ciwon kirji, murguda baki, myositis.
- Rage ci, tashin zuciya, ƙaruwar gas, zawo, kumburi da kumburi.
- Kumburi na hanta, jaundice, stagnation na bile.
- Allergy, urticaria.
Liprimar yana da ƙananan contraindications, babban shine rashin yarda da lactose ko abu mai aiki na atorvastatin. Yi amfani da hankali cikin marasa lafiya da cututtukan hanta da koda, yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 14, da mata masu shayarwa.
A lokacin daukar ciki, ba a ba da shawarar yin maganin ba.
Bambanci tsakanin asali da kayan asali
Liprimar ba shine kawai magunguna ba daga lambobi da yawa, kodayake, babu shakka, bisa ga binciken asibiti, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun. Tsakanin 1985 da 2005, yayin da kariyar patent ke aiki, amma da gaske ya kasance shi kaɗai. Amma a lokacin ne dabararsa ta zama a bainar jama'a, analololo na fara bayyana, wanda ake kira ilimin halittar jini. Dukkansu suna da tsari guda tare da Atorvastatin, kuma, a zahiri, dole ne su sami tasirin warkewa iri ɗaya.
Koyaya, saboda amincin dokokin ƙasashe da yawa a fagen gwaji na asibiti, abin da kawai suke da alaƙa da na asali shi ne sifa. Dangane da takardun da aka yarda da shi gabaɗaya, don ƙirƙirar sabon sunan kasuwanci, kawai kuna buƙatar ƙaddamar da takaddun bayanai game da daidaiton sunadarai zuwa hukumar. Amma matsalar ita ce hanyar da za a samu wannan kayan mai yiwuwa za a sauƙaƙa, kuma wannan zai haifar da canji a cikin kadarorin. Wannan yana nufin cewa tasirin warkewa zai ragu, ko kuma zai zama kaɗan.
A lokacin, Liprimar generics suna da sunayen kasuwanci fiye da 30, dukansu suna da atorvastatin a matsayin abu mai aiki. Mafi mashahuri daga cikinsu su ne Atorvastatin (Rasha da aka yi) da Atoris (mai samarwa - Slovenia). Su duka suna sayar da kyau a cikin kantin magunguna, amma akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin su.
Za'a iya ganin bambanci na farko a cikin kantin magani - wannan shine farashin da sashi na 10 mg:
- Liprimar - guda 100 - 1800 rubles;
- Atoris - guda 90 - 615 rubles;
- Atorvastatin - guda 90 - 380 rubles.
Tambayar ta taso, me yasa farashin ya banbanta kuma ta yaya za'a iya sauya Atorvastatin. Liprimar ya kasance cikakkiyar bincike na asibiti, ya sami lamban kira, kuma ya ɗauki abubuwa da yawa don samar da tallata shi. Sabili da haka, kamfanin yana saita irin wannan babban farashi kamar biyan kuɗi don ingancin abin dogara, wanda aka gwada a shekaru goma na gwaji.
Atoris, wanda aka kirkira a Slovenia, ya shiga binciken makanta na shekaru uku, inda aka tabbatar da cewa yana rage ƙarancin lipoproteins low 5% ƙasa da asalin, amma tasirin warkewarsa ba shi da shakka kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman analog na Liprimar.
Atorvastatin cikin gida baiyi duk matakan gwaji na asibiti ba, kuma kawai an daidaita daidaiton sinadaransa, don haka yana da arha. Ko yaya, tasirinsa ga jikin ba a san shi da tabbas ba, yana aiki ne kawai, wato, yana iya taimakawa mutum ɗaya kuma ya cutar da wani. Mutane ne da ba su iya siyan magungunan da aka shigo da shi ba.
Ana iya kimanta sakamakon kwayoyi bayan gudanarwa. Koyaya, don cimma sakamako, Liprimar yana buƙatar ɗaukar makonni biyu kawai, Atoris uku, da Atorvastatin na tsawon watanni biyu. Wannan na iya haifar da lalacewar hanta.
Don hana wannan faruwa, ana bada shawara don ɗaukar magungunan hepatoprotectors a layi daya.
Yaya za a hada statins?
Baya ga abubuwan da aka samo daga atorvastatin, akwai sauran abubuwa masu aiki a cikin kasuwar magunguna da ake amfani da su don atherosclerosis. Wadannan sune abubuwanda ake amfani da su na losartan, mai hana angiotensin 2 mai hanawa, alal misali, Lozap na miyagun ƙwayoyi. Babban aikinsa ba a nufin magance cholesterol na LDL ba, amma don rage matsin lamba, don haka ana yawan amfani dasu tare da gadaje a haɗe tare da jiyya. Koyaya, Lozap yana da tasiri a cikin hepatocytes, don haka mutanen da ke da alamun raunin hanta ya kamata su nemi likita kafin fara magani. Duk da haka kyakkyawan sakamako a hade tare da statins ana nuna su ta hanyar allunan tashar alli, misali, Amlodipine.
Idan akwai wani rashin lafiyar ga Liprimar, dole a yi amfani da analogs atorvastatin da maye gurbin. Waɗannan su ne rosuvastatin da simvastatin. Su, kamar sauran mutum-mutumi, dukansu suna shafar matakin Hzy-CoA reductase enzyme kuma suna da irin wannan magungunan.
Koyaya, yayin gudanar da bincike an gano cewa Rosuvastatin yana da nephrotoxicity, wato, yana iya shafar parenchyma na koda, yana barazanar haɓaka gazawar renal.
Simvastatin yana rage matakin lipoproteins mai ƙarancin yawa da kashi 9% ƙasa da Liprimar, wanda ke nuna ƙananan ƙarfinsa. Wannan yana nuna cewa Liprimar ya kasance kuma ya kasance jagora a cikin kasuwar tallace-tallace daga rukuni na statins, wanda aka tabbatar ba kawai ta hanyar sakamakon bincike ba kuma shekaru masu yawa na kwarewa a amfani da shi ta likitoci a cikin maganin atherosclerosis, amma kuma ta hanyar kyakkyawan ra'ayi daga marasa lafiya.
Atorvastatin an bayyana shi a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.
