MENENE DIPHROPATHY MAI CIWON SUKARI? - TASHIN HANKALI DA CUTUTTUKA

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Ciwon sukari yana da haɗari ga ɗan adam ba wai kawai ta hanyar bayyaninsa na ainihi ba, amma rikice-rikice da suka samo asali daga wannan cutar suma suna da yawa matsaloli.

Za'a iya danganta shi da ƙungiyar masu fama da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan guda biyu, wannan kalmar ta haɗo da hadaddun lalacewar duk kyallen da jijiyoyin jini na koda, wanda ke bayyana kanta a cikin alamun asibiti daban-daban.

Cutar sankarar mahaifa yake?

Cutar cutar sankara ta hanji ke tattare da canje-canje na jijiyoyin jini a cikin tasoshin koda. Wadannan canje-canjen suna faruwa a cikin mellitus na ciwon sukari na nau'ikan biyu kuma suna ƙarshe haifar da cutar sclerosis na manyan da ƙananan tasoshin.

Babban dalilin da ke haifar da ci gaban nephropathy an dauke shi babban matakin glucose. Wannan abun, wanda yake cikin jiki mai yawa, yana da sakamako mai guba a jikin sel dukkan tasoshin kuma yana kunna matakai waɗanda ke haɓaka aikin jijiyoyi da ƙwayoyin cuta. A lokaci guda, babban aikin sashin jiki, wanda aka tace shi, sannu a hankali yana raguwa kuma sakamakon wannan, gazawar na koda, gazawar na koda, na gaba.

Cutar sankarar mahaifa cuta ce sankarau sanadiyyar yawan ciwon sukari kuma galibi shine kan haifar da mutuwa.

Ana lura da canje-canje a cikin kodan a kusan 20% na marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus, mafi yawan lokuta nephropathies suna haɓaka tare da nau'in insulin-dogara da cutar. A cikin marasa lafiya da wannan rikitarwa, akwai ƙarin maza, mafi girman cutar tana faruwa ne daga shekaru 15 zuwa 20 daga fara ciwon sukari.

Hoto na asibiti

Ana tunanin cutar ta rashin lafiyar mai cutar cuta mai haɓaka ta sannu a hankali kuma wannan shine babban haɗarin wannan rikitarwa. Mai haƙuri tare da ciwon sukari na dogon lokaci bazai lura da canje-canje da ke faruwa ba kuma gano su a cikin matakan da ke biyo baya ba zai ba da damar cimma cikakkiyar kawar da sarrafa cututtukan ba.

Alamomin farko na nephropathy a cikin ciwon sukari sune canje-canje a cikin binciken - proteinuria da microalbuminuria. Ragewa daga ƙa'idodin waɗannan alamomin, har ma da ɗan ƙaramin abu a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da cutar sankara, ana ɗauka alama ce ta farko ta gano cutar nephropathy.

Akwai matakai na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan masu ciwon sukari, kowannensu yana nunawa ta bayyaninsa, tsinkayar sa da matakai na jiyya.

Matsayi

Mataki na farko

- Wannan shine matakin hauhawar sassan jikin mutum. Yana tasowa a farkon farkon cutar mellitus, yayin da ƙwayoyin koda ke ƙanƙanta da ƙima kuma saboda wannan, yawan fitsari yana ƙaruwa kuma haɓakar sha'awarsa ta karu. A wannan matakin, babu bayyanannun bayyanannun, kamar dai babu furotin a cikin fitsari. Lokacin gudanar da ƙarin ƙarin jarrabawa, zaku iya kula da karuwa a cikin girman sashin jiki bisa ga duban dan tayi.

Mataki na biyu

- fara farkon canje-canje na jiki. A cikin yawancin marasa lafiya, wannan matakin ya fara haɓaka kimanin shekaru biyu bayan farawa na ciwon sukari mellitus. Ganuwar jijiyoyin jini a hankali za suyi ƙasa, kuma sclerosis dinsu zai fara. Hakanan ba'a gano canje-canje a cikin binciken yau da kullun ba.

Mataki na uku

Kimanin shekaru biyar zuwa bakwai bayan fara ciwon sukari, mataki na uku na masu ciwon sukari ke faruwa. Tare da yin gwaje-gwaje da aka shirya, an lura da kasancewar ƙarancin furotin a cikin binciken, wanda ke nuna lalacewar tasoshin kwayoyin. Abubuwan gina jiki a cikin wannan matakin sun haɗu daga 30 zuwa 300 mg / rana.

Adadin yawan ruwa da ƙananan ƙwayar nauyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana canzawa ta fuskar ƙaramin ƙaruwa, wannan ya faru ne sakamakon ci gaba da karuwa a cikin tasoshin ƙwayoyin. Har ila yau, babu takamaiman alamun alamun rikice-rikice a wannan lokacin, wasu marasa lafiya kawai suna korafi na karuwar lokaci-lokaci a cikin karfin jini (BP), musamman da safe. Abubuwan da ke sama sama da matakai uku na nephropathy ana ɗaukarsu daidai ne, watau ba a gano bayyanar cututtuka na ciki da na ciki, kuma canje-canje a cikin binciken ne kawai lokacin binciken da aka shirya ko bazuwar gwaji don wasu cututtukan.

Mataki na hudu

Bayan shekaru 15-20 daga farkon ciwon sukari, mai saurin kamuwa da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa. A cikin gwaje-gwajen fitsari, za ku iya gano yawancin adadin furotin da ke ɓoye, yayin da yake cikin jini akwai rashi wannan kashi.

A mafi yawan lokuta, marasa lafiya da kansu suna mai da hankali kan haɓakar edema. Da farko, an yanke girman kai a kan ƙananan ƙafafun da kan fuska, tare da ci gaba da cutar, edema ya zama babba, wato rufe sassa daban-daban na jiki. Ruwa yana tarawa a cikin ciki da kirji, a cikin pericardium.

Don kiyaye matsayin furotin da ake so a cikin sel, jikin mutum yana amfani da dabarun ramawa, idan aka kunna shi, sai ya fara rushe kariyar da kansa. A lokaci guda, ana lura da nauyi asara mai haƙuri, marasa lafiya suna koka da ƙishirwa mai ƙoshin gaske, suna da gajiya, gajiya, kuma ci yana raguwa. Rage numfashi, zafi a cikin zuciya ya shiga, a kusan dukkanin karfin jini ya kai manyan lambobi. A kan jarrabawa, fatar jikin ta ta zamewa, kayan alewa.

Mataki na biyar

- uremic, an kuma lura da shi azaman matakin tashar rikitarwa. Jirgin ruwa mai lalacewa ya kusan gama ruɓewa kuma baya cika babban aikinsu. Duk alamu na matakin da ya gabata yana ƙaruwa ne kawai, an ba da babban adadin furotin, matsin lamba kusan koyaushe yana ƙaruwa sosai, dyspepsia ke haɓaka. Alamun kamuwa da kansa wanda ya faru sakamakon rushewar jikin kawunan ya yanke. A wannan matakin, kawai dialysis da dasawa da wani rago koda rayar da haƙuri.

Ka'idojin ka'idodi na jiyya

Duk hanyoyin warkewa a cikin lura da cutar sankarau ne za a iya raba su zuwa matakai da yawa.

Mataki na farko yana da nasaba da matakan kariyada nufin hana haɓakar cututtukan cututtukan masu ciwon sukari. Ana iya cimma wannan yayin kasancewa da matakan da sukakamata na glucose a cikin jini, wato, mai haƙuri daga farkon ciwon sukari ya kamata ya ɗauki magunguna da aka tsara kuma ya bi abincin. Lokacin gano microalbuminuria, yana da mahimmanci a kula da glucose koyaushe a cikin jini kuma a sami rage rage buƙatarsa. A wannan matakin, rikitarwa sau da yawa yakan haifar da hauhawar hauhawar jini, don haka an wajabta mai haƙuri magani antihypertensive. Mafi sau da yawa, ana wajabta Enalapril a cikin karamin sashi don rage karfin jini.

A mataki na furotin Babban burin maganin shine hana rage raguwa cikin hanzarin aikin koda. Wajibi ne a kula da tsaftataccen abinci tare da ƙuntataccen furotin na 0.7 zuwa 0.8 grams a kilo kilogram na nauyin haƙuri. Idan yawan furotin ya ragu, lalacewar kayanta zai fara aiki. Tare da canzawa, an tsara Ketosteril, ya wajaba don ci gaba da shan magungunan antihypertensive. Hakanan, ana amfani da allurar tubule alli da beta-blockers - Amlodipine ko Bisoprolol - a cikin warkarwa. Tare da edema mai tsauri, ana wajabta maganin diuretics, ana kulawa da girman duk ruwan da ake amfani dashi.
A matakin tashar Ana amfani da madadin magani, i.e. dialysis da hemodialysis. Idan za ta yiwu, ana yin aikin juyawa. Dukkanin hadaddun maganin cututtukan alamomi, an tsara maganin detoxification far.

A yayin aiwatar da aikin jiyya, yana da muhimmanci a tura matakan ci gaba na canje-canjen da ba a iya warware su a cikin jijiyar kodan ba. Kuma wannan ya dogara ne akan mai haƙuri da kansa, shine, a kan yarda da umarnin likita, akan ci gaba da shan magunguna masu rage sukari, kan bin abincin da aka tsara.

Abincin don mai ciwon sukari nephropathy

A matakin microalbuminuria, wato, lokacin da karamin adadin furotin ya bayyana a cikin fitsari, yakamata mai haƙuri ya fara bin abincin. Ana nuna abinci mai ƙarancin abinci da gishiri. Wajibi ne a iyakance abincin da ake amfani da shi, furotin na dabba, gishiri. Hakanan kuna buƙatar bin ƙa'idodin abinci mai gina jiki da aka nuna a cikin ci gaban ciwon sukari. Abincin ƙuntatawa na gishiri yana da muhimmanci musamman ga hawan jini.

Ana amfani da jiyya na jijiyoyin bugun fitsari a cikin canje-canje a cikin kodan da kuma matakin ƙarewa. Yayin kulawa a asibiti, likitoci sun zaɓi duk rukuni na magungunan da ake buƙata don rage sukari da inganta aikin koda. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci ga mai haƙuri ya zaɓi mafi kyawun abincin.

Yin rigakafin

Babban hanyar hana kamuwa da cutar sankarau shine isasshen diyya ga masu ciwon suga. Wato, sukari don kowane irin sukari ya zama al'ada. Bukatar biye da tsarin abinci kuma yana tsunduma cikin ilimin ta jiki a wannan yanayin ba a tattauna ba. Koyaya, ya cancanci magana game da ingancin insulin allurar.

Ana yin nazari game da alaƙar da ke tsakanin ciwon sukari da kuma ingantaccen allurar insulin a kai a kai, amma ba a yada sakamakon su musamman. Wannan na faruwa ne saboda waɗannan karatun sun tabbatar da cewa mafi kyawu da tsabtace insulin, ƙananan haɗarin rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, kuma, sakamakon haka, tsawon rayuwa na masu ciwon sukari. Wannan bayanin yana ɓoye, saboda yana shafar sha'awar kasuwanci na tsattsauran ra'ayi. Bayan haka, insulin ƙarancin inganci yafi araha.

Hasashen

Marasa lafiya tare da masu ciwon sukari mellitus ya kamata su fahimci cewa gano microalbuminuria ne kawai zai ba mu damar ɗaukar magani da rigakafin da ake buƙata a lokaci don rage haɗarin matakan ƙarancin cutar nephropathy. A wannan matakin, babban abin da ya kamata a yi shi ne, a kai a kai a dauki magunguna masu rage sukari da kuma sarrafa matakan glucose na jini. Idan kun bi duk waɗannan kuma ku kula da tsarin abinci na musamman, to, haɗarin haɓaka mummunan rikice-rikice akan kodan zai zama kaɗan.

A cikin matakan haɓaka alamun alamun asibiti, rashi na rashin lalacewa na katako kai tsaye ya dogara da bin koyarwar da ta dace da abinci. A cikin matakin ƙarshe, rayuwar mai haƙuri tana tallafawa ne kawai ta hanyar dialysis na lokaci-lokaci ko maye gurbin ƙwayar cuta.

Cutar zazzabin cizon sauro ba zai faru azaman rikicewar ciwon sukari ba idan mutum daga farkon ƙara yawan glucose na jini za a kula dashi koyaushe kuma yana bin ka'idodin abinci mai dacewa. Marasa lafiya da ke ɗauke da ciwon sukari wani lokaci suna rayuwa fiye da takwarorinsu na lafiya, kuma akwai misalai masu tasirantuwa da wannan gaskiyar.

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