Daga cikin kwayoyi tare da kaddarorin hypoglycemic, Protafan NM ya fito fili. Wannan kayan aikin insulin na mutum ne kuma ana amfani dashi wajen maganin masu cutar siga.
Magungunan yana ɗayan magungunan hypoglycemic. A Latin, ana kiran maganin da ake kira Protaphane.
Abun ciki, sakin saki
Protafan yana nufin magunguna masu yawa. Babban abinda ke ciki shine inern insulin na mutum, wanda aka samu ta injiniyan kwayoyin. Bugu da ƙari, zinc chloride da metacresol suna nan a cikin tsarin maganin. Hakanan ya ƙunshi sinadarin protamine da glycerin.
Daga cikin sauran magabata, maganin yana dauke da sinadarin sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, da phenol. Abun da ke wajaba na samfurin shine ruwan allura.
Ana samun maganin ta hanyar dakatarwa, wanda aka gudanar da shi ga maɓallin haƙuri. Za a iya samun dakatarwa a cikin katako ko gilashi. Ofarar kwalban ita ce 10 ml. Akwai cikin kwalba ɗaya a cikin fakiti.
Katin yana dauke da 3 ml na magani. Akwai katako guda 5 a cikin kunshin samfurin ɗaya.
Insulin a cikin abun da ke cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana da matsakaicin tsawon lokacin aiki a jikin mai haƙuri. An ƙera wannan magani a Denmark kuma yana da sunan kasuwanci Protafan NM Penfill.
A miyagun ƙwayoyi yana da shiryayye rayuwar ba fiye da shekaru 2.5. Zazzabin ajiya da ake buƙata daga 2 zuwa 80ºС. Za'a iya amfani da maganin da aka yi amfani da shi na watanni ɗaya da rabi kuma a adana shi a zazzabi a ɗakin.
Aikin magunguna da magunguna
Protafan HM shine insulin, wanda aka samo shi daga DNA wanda aka canza. Wannan samfurin injiniyan ɗan adam ne. Sakamakon hulɗa da abubuwa na miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da masu karɓar membrane, haɓaka hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. A wannan yanayin, hexokinase da sauran enzymes an haɗa su.
An bayyana tasirin hypoglycemic na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin hanzarin shigar glucose cikin sel. A wannan yanayin, akwai haɓakar jigilar sufurin cikin sel.
Lokacin amfani da magani, ƙwayoyin cuta suna warkar da glucose cikin sauri da sauri, kuma yawan hancin da yake samar da hanta yana raguwa. Protafan yana haɓaka juyar da glucose zuwa glycogen, tare da karuwa da wadatarsa a cikin tsokoki. Yana nufin da kyau na inganta kira na peptides.
Shaye fagen Protafan ya dogara da dalilai da yawa:
- sashi
- wurin sarrafa magunguna;
- hanyar shigar da bayanai
- nau'in ciwon sukari a cikin haƙuri.
Aikin insulin allurar yana farawa cikin awa 1.5 masu zuwa. Ana lura da cikakkiyar tasirin sarrafa magunguna bayan sa'o'i 4-12 daga lokacin allura. Aikin hormone na iya isa kwanaki.
Tsawon lokacin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya dogara da hanyar da aka gabatar dashi cikin jikin mai haƙuri. Bayan gudanar da aikin ƙarƙashin ƙasa, ana lura da mafi girman abun ciki na ƙwayoyi a cikin jini na awanni 2-18.
Wakili bayan gudanarwa ba ya hulɗa da sunadaran plasma. A wannan yanayin, akwai ƙaramin samarwa a cikin ƙwayoyin rigakafi zuwa insulin. A lokacin metabolism, ana samar da metabolites daga abubuwan da ke cikin magungunan ƙwayar cuta wanda ke motsa jiki a cikin jiki.
Rabin rayuwar miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kai awanni 5-10.
Manuniya da contraindications
Ana bada shawarar miyagun ƙwayoyi idan mai haƙuri yana da ciwon sukari na nau'ikan biyu.
Babban contraindications don shan miyagun ƙwayoyi sune:
- raguwa mai karfi a cikin taro na sukari na jini (hypoglycemia);
- benign (wani lokacin mugu) neoplasms waɗanda ba su sakin insulin cikin jini ba (insulinomas);
- hankali na musamman ga abubuwan da ke tattare da maganin.
Umarnin don amfani
Mai haƙuri zai iya siyar da maganin ne kawai idan yana da takardar izinin likita. Ana sarrafa magungunan a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Haramun ne a sarrafa maganin ta hanji.
Matsakaicin mafi ƙarancin maganin shine 0.3 IU / kg, matsakaicin shine 1 IU / kg na kwana ɗaya. Ga marasa lafiya masu kiba da matasa, ana buƙatar ƙarin kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi, kuma ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar, rage ƙwayar magani.
Za'a iya amfani da kayan aiki duka biyu kuma a hade tare da insulin, wanda ke da ɗan gajeren sakamako ko mai sauri.
Shawarar shafukan intanet:
- sassan kwatangwalo;
- gaban bango na ciki;
- tsoka mai taushi;
- gindi
Lokacin da aka sa maganin a cikin cinya, za'ayi aikin jinkirin shanshi.
Zai yuwu a guji sarrafa jijiyar wuya idan an sanya allura a cikin fitsarin fata.
Yayin aiwatar da allura, ya wajaba a ajiye allura a karkashin fata na kimanin awanni 6 don tabbatar da cikakken maganin na maganin. Saboda allura a wurare guda, bayyanar lipodystrophy mai yiwuwa ne. Wajibi ne yin allurar kowane lokaci a wani wuri.
Gyaran matakan protafan ya zama dole a lokuta:
- cututtuka masu rarrafe tare da alamun zazzabi a cikin haƙuri (sashi na insulin yana ƙaruwa);
- kasancewar cutar koda a cikin mai haƙuri, hanta (an rage yawan kuzari);
- canje-canje a cikin kayan jiki;
- canje-canje na abinci;
- canzawa daga wani nau'in insulin zuwa wani.
Syringe alkalami allura bidiyo koyawa:
Musamman marasa lafiya
Ba a ba da shawarar Protafan ga marasa lafiya ba:
- tare da karancin jini;
- rashin jituwa ga kowane sassan abubuwan maganin.
A cikin waɗannan halayen, suna buƙatar ƙin allurar da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin jiki.
Tare da taka tsantsan, ya zama dole a dauki magunguna ga marasa lafiya masu zuwa:
- tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 saboda shan kashi mara kyau na miyagun ƙwayoyi;
- rashin lafiyan metacresol, wanda shine kayan magani.
Matan da ke da juna biyu suna da izinin shan maganin, tun da insulin bai ƙetare mahaifa ba. Kula da ciwon sukari tare da wannan magani a cikin mace mai ciki ya zama dole saboda babban tasirin cutar a rayuwar ɗan da ba a haifa ba.
Yayin magani, ana buƙatar saka idanu akai-akai game da matakin glucose a cikin jinin mace mai ciki. Ana buƙatar cikakken gwargwado na miyagun ƙwayoyi. Sakamakon magungunan da ba su dace ba, magungunan na iya haifar da cututtukan fetal ko mutuwa.
Bukatar insulin a cikin mata masu juna biyu ya dogara da lokacin daukar ciki:
- Watan 1 na farko - buƙatar insulin yayi ƙarami;
- 2nd - matsakaiciyar buƙata tare da karuwa a hankali a ƙarshen ƙarshen;
- 3rd - babban buƙata.
Ana iya gudanar da Protafan ga mata yayin shayarwa. Abun da ke cikin magani ba ya ratsa madarar mahaifiyar kuma ba su iya yin mummunan tasiri ga jaririn. A wasu halaye, daidaita magunguna na iya wajaba don laantar da mata.
Darasi na Bidiyo akan lissafin adadin kwayoyin:
Umarni na musamman
A wasu halaye, shan magani na iya shafar yawan jawo hankalin mutum. Gaskiya ne game da lokuta idan mai haƙuri yana da alamun hypoglycemia. A irin waɗannan halayen, wajibi ne a guji tuki.
Daidaitawar likita ya zama dole ga marassa lafiya:
- fama da cututtuka masu kamuwa da cuta, zazzabi (ana buƙatar ƙara yawan ƙwayoyi tare da kula da mai haƙuri akai akai);
- fama da cututtuka na hanta, kodan (ana buƙatar rage sashi);
- wucewa daga insulin wani nau'in zuwa wani;
- Tafiya da ƙetare wurare da yawa (ana buƙatar daidaita sashi).
Protafan zai iya tsokanar rashin lafiyar hypoglycemia a cikin mara haƙuri idan bai ci abinci ba ko kuma sakamakon ƙarfin motsa jiki da wasanni.
Ba a amfani da kayan aiki a cikin magunan insulin don ci gaba da tafiyar da kwayoyin a cikin fata.
Side effects da yawan abin sama da ya kamata
An ambaci waɗannan sakamako masu illa a cikin dubawar marasa lafiya da ke daukar Protafan:
- raguwa a cikin taro na sukari na jini (hypoglycemia);
- karancin numfashi
- rashin aiki na hanji, ciki;
- rage karfin jini;
- nau'in bugu na angioedema;
- lipodystrophy;
- alerji a cikin nau'i na fitsari, itching;
- cramps da fainting da tsananin hypoglycemia;
- neuropathy;
- kumburi, itching, da redness a wurin allurar.
Yawan shaye-shaye na Protafan yana haifar da ci gaban hypoglycemia. Zai iya samun digiri mai sauƙi da ƙima. Tare da hypoglycemia mai laushi, mai haƙuri ya isa ya ɗauki samfurin zaki.
A cikin siffofin masu tsanani, ana buƙatar asibiti tare da gabatarwar 40% dextrose bayani ta hanyar jijiya ga mai haƙuri. Za'a iya amfani da Glucagon, wanda aka allura a ƙarƙashin fata ko intramuscularly. Nan gaba, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar karɓar abinci mai amfani da carbohydrate da sanya idanu akai-akai a asibiti.
Hadin gwiwar Magunguna da Analogs
Ga miyagun ƙwayoyi, zaɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa don hulɗa tare da sauran magunguna da abubuwa sune halaye:
- haɓaka tasirin Protafan - barasa, Clofibrate, ketoconazole, amphetamine, theophylline, anabolics, shirye-shiryen lithium, cyclophosphamide, bromocriptine, pyridoxine, tetracyclines, acetylsalicylic acid;
- rage tasirin Protafan - Heparin, nicotinic acid, Chlorprotixen, phenothiazines, Morphine, Clonidine, rigakafin a cikin allunan, Danazole, diuretics na thiazide kungiyar, glucocorticoids, lithium carbonate, Diazoxide;
- ana amfani da cakuda cakuda da kwayoyi - Reserpine, Octreotide, salicylates, Lanreotide.
Babban analogues na Protafan NM sune:
- Biosulin;
- Rinsulin NPH;
- Insulin isophane;
- Rosinsulin C;
- Homophane;
- Gaggawar insulin gaggawa;
- Humulin NPH;
- Gansulin N;
- Insuman Bazal GT;
- Actrafan NM;
- Biosulin N;
- Diafan ChSP;
- Vozulim N.
Kudin insulin Protafan NM a cikin kashi 100 / ml na kwalba 1 na 358-437 rubles. Farashin analogues na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya tashi daga 152 zuwa 1394 rubles.
