Jagororin asibiti don lura da ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Ciwon sukari ana samun karuwar cutar sankara yayin yara kuma yana matsayi na biyu a yawan lokuta a tsakanin cututtukan yara.

Wannan cututtukan da ke faruwa a cikin cuta da rashin lafiyar na haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewar metabolism kuma ana nuna shi ta hanyar ƙaruwa cikin taro na sukari a cikin jini na jini.

Lafiya na karamin mai haƙuri da kuma yiwuwar haifar da rikice-rikice masu mahimmanci sun dogara da ganewar asali da magani.

Tsarin cuta

Pathogenesis na cutar shine wahala a cikin shan glucose a cikin sel gabobin, wanda hakan ke haifar da tarawa cikin jini. Wannan na iya faruwa saboda isasshen ƙarancin insulin ko kuma lokacin da masu karɓar wayar salula suka rasa hankalinsu ga hormone.

Dangane da bambance-bambance a cikin hanyoyin ci gaban cutar, ciwon sukari mellitus ya kasu kashi da yawa:

1. Ciwon sukari na 1 shine ciwon suga da ya dogara da shi. Yana tasowa sakamakon lalacewar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ke da alhakin samar da insulin. Sakamakon haka, ana samar da isasshen adadin kwayoyin kuma matakan glucose a cikin jini yana fara haɓaka. Ciwon sukari na nau'in 1 cuta ce ta asali kuma ana samun cutar ta musamman ne a cikin yara da matasa daga haihuwa zuwa shekara 12.
2. Ciwon sukari na 2 shine nau'in insulin-free of pathology. A wannan yanayin, babu karancin insulin, amma sel sun zama rigakafi ga hormone kuma yawan glucose a cikin nama yana da wahala. Hakanan yana haifar da karuwa a cikin sukari a cikin jiki. Rage nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin yara ba a gano shi ba kuma yana haɓaka cikin rayuwa. Marasa lafiya tsofaffi waɗanda suka manyan shekaru 35-40 sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar.

An rarraba ilimin sanin ɗan adam daidai da tsananin koyarwar:

• Digiri na 1 - nau'i mai laushi tare da matakan sukari mai daidaitacce wanda bai wuce 8 mmol / l ba;
• Digiri na biyu - yanayin matsakaici tare da canji a cikin glucose yayin rana da maida hankali ya kai 14 mmol / l;
• Mataki na 3 - nau'i mai tsanani tare da karuwa a cikin matakan glucose sama da 14 mmol / L.

Game da magani, ciwon sukari ya bambanta ga matakai:

• lokaci na ramuwa - a bangon maganin, ana nuna alamun sukari a matakin halatta;
• lokaci na aiki - kadan da yawa na glucose a sakamakon magani;
• decompensation lokaci - jiki ba ya amsa ga ci gaba da jiyya da ƙimar sukari suna da muhimmanci wuce.

Sanadin cutar sankara

Etiology na cutar ya bambanta dangane da nau'in cutar sankara.

Don haka, dalilan da ke haifar da haɓakar sifa ta hanyar insulin-sun haɗa da:

• ilimin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta;
• tsawan wahala;
• ciyarwar wucin gadi a cikin jarirai;
• hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri
• mummunan guba tare da abubuwa masu guba;
• nakasar cutar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ta yara.

Nau'in na 2 na ciwon sukari na tasowa saboda irin waɗannan dalilai:

• kwayoyin halittar jini;
• daban-daban na kiba;
• farkon haihuwa
• salon tsinkaye;
• rashin cin abinci;
• shan kwayoyi masu ɗauke da kwayoyin cuta;
• lokacin balaga;
• cututtukan tsarin endocrin.

A mafi yawancin lokuta, ba a hana yin maganin ciwon sukari a cikin yara ba, saboda ana iya yin shi a cikin manya, ban da abubuwan da za su iya tayar da rikici na metabolism daga rayuwa.

Alamar kamuwa da cutar sankarau a cikin yara

The Pathology asibitin a cikin jariri halin da wadannan bayyanar cututtuka:

• rashin asara mara nauyi;
• yawan fitar fitsari akai-akai da kuma sakin yawan fitsari;
• matsananciyar ƙishirwa;
• haske da fitsari m;
• babban ci;
• hali na diaper da bayyanar ƙaiƙayi naƙasasshe;
• bayyanar fasassun aibobi akan riguna da mayafar mayaƙa;
• cingam cuta;
• kauna da hawaye;
• babban mai saukin kamuwa zuwa hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri da kuma cututtuka.

A lokacin tsufa, zaku iya kula da irin waɗannan alamun:

• gajiya;
• rashin aiki da aikin makaranta;
• rage ƙarancin gani;
• barcin rana da rana;
• bushe fata da bakin mucous membranes;
• bayyanar ji na itching;
• karuwar gumi;
• karin nauyi;
• haushi;
• mai saukin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Kula da yaro sosai zai ba ka damar gano alamun farko na alamun damuwa da kuma gano cutar a farkon matakan samuwar. An fara kula da kula lokaci-lokaci zai taimaka wajen hana ci gaban rikice-rikice tare da kula da lafiyar marasa haƙuri.

Bidiyo daga Dr. Komarovsky game da abubuwan da ke haifar da alamomin cutar sukari:

Tashin hankali

Increasedara yawan sukari a cikin jini yana haifar da ci gaba da rikicewar rikicewar cuta. Ana haifar da ƙarancin sakamako a cikin fewan kwanaki ko da awanni, kuma a wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar taimakon likita na gaggawa, in ba haka ba yana ƙara haɗarin mutuwa.

Wadannan rikitarwa sun hada da yanayin cututtukan masu zuwa:

1. Hyperglycemia - yana faruwa ne saboda hauhawar haɓakar matakan glucose. Ana saurin fitar urination da ƙishirwa marasa amfani. Yaron ya zama mai kamshi da bacin rai. Akwai hare-hare na amai, rauni yana ƙaruwa. Yaro ya koka da ciwon kai. A nan gaba, bugun yayi sauri kuma matsi ya hau. Idan ba a ba da taimako akan lokaci ba, to yanayin rigakafin yana faruwa ne, to asarar hankali yakan faru kuma ya faru da matsala.
2. Cutar Ketoacidotic yanayi ce mai haɗari, tare da raguwa da matsin lamba da zafin ciki. Fatar jaririn ta zama ja, harshen ya zama rasberi kuma ya rufe da farin farin kaya. Odarancin acetone sun fito daga bakin, kuma yaron ya yi rauni da sauri. Magana tana da wahala, sanyin murya ya bayyana. Kwarewa ya zama gajimare kuma fain yakan faru.
3. Cutar hypoglycemic - raguwa mai yawa a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta plasma ya zama sanadin cututtukan hypoglycemia. Halin halin da yaran ke ciki ba su da tabbas. Ya zama mai kaɗa da bakin jini, sannan kuma ya yi farin ciki. Jin yunwa da ƙishirwa na ƙaruwa. Fatar ta yi laushi, pupilsan makaranta sun yi laushi, rauni yana haɓaka. Za'a iya dakatar da yanayin ta hanyar bawa mara lafiya ruwan 'ya'yan itace ko kuma wani cakulan da gaggawa kiran motar asibiti, in ba haka ba yanayin da ke faruwa wanda yaro ya rasa hankali.

Babban matakan glucose yana canza tsari da kaddarorin jini kuma yana haifar da rikicewar jini. Sakamakon matsananciyar iskar oxygen, tsarin jikin mutum ya shafi kuma karfin aikin gabobin ya ragu.

Irin waɗannan canje-canje na ilimin halittu na haɓaka na dogon lokaci, amma ba ƙananan rikitarwa bane fiye da coma.

Sau da yawa akan asalin ciwon sukari, ana haifar da cututtuka masu zuwa:

1. Nephropathy rauni ne mai rauni wanda ke haifar da haɓaka gazawar koda. Rashin haɗari mai haɗari wanda ke barazanar rayuwar mai haƙuri kuma yana buƙatar juyawa daga ƙwayar da abin ya shafa.
2. Encephalopathy - tare da rashi rashin nutsuwa kuma ba tare da kulawar lokaci ba yana haifar da rikicewar kwakwalwa.
3. Ophthalmopathy - yana haifar da lalacewar ƙoshin jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini na idanun, wanda ke tayar da jijiyoyin wuya, ɓarkewar damuwa, da kuma rauni na gani. Babban haɗarin shine babban yiwuwar kamawar retinal, wanda zai haifar da makanta.
4. Arthropathy - a sakamakon rikitarwa, motsi na gidajen abinci yana da rauni kuma ciwo na ciwo yana faruwa.
5. Neuropathy - a wannan yanayin, tsarin jijiya yana wahala. Za'a iya lura jin zafi da nunka cikin ƙafafu, rage ratsin yatsun kafa. Rashin narkewar abinci da jijiyoyin jini na faruwa.

Yiwuwar rikice-rikice da tsananin sakamakon sakamakon ya dogara ne akan yadda aka kula da cutar sankarau da kuma yadda aka zaɓi kyakkyawan maganin. Mafi kyawun lokacin wuce haddi a jikin mutum, hakan zai iya rage lalacewar gabobin ciki da hana ci gaban kwayar halitta.

Binciko

Tsarin aikin kulawa da ƙwayar cuta yana da matukar mahimmanci a farkon matakin farko na gano cutar sankarau a cikin yara.

Likitocin ta taimaka da tattara bayanan da suka wajaba don kirkirar bayyanannun abubuwan da zai iya haifar da cutar, ta dauki nauyin shirya karamin mara lafiyan don dakin gwaje-gwaje da karatuttukan kayan aiki, da samar da kulawar kulawa yayin aikin jiyya a asibiti da kuma a gida.

Nurse din ta gano daga iyaye game da rikice-rikice da cututtukan da suka gabata a cikin yaro, game da kasancewar kamuwa da cutar siga a cikinsu ko kuma dangi na gaba. Yana koya game da gunaguni, fasali na rayuwar yau da kullun na jariri da abincinsa. Yana bincika yanayin jiki na haƙuri, yana tantance yanayin fata da gumis, yana auna matsin lamba da nauyi.

Mataki na gaba shine gudanar da gwaje gwaje:

1. Babban bincike na asibiti game da fitsari da jini.
2. Gwajin jini na sukari. Wucewa 5.5 mmol / L yana tabbatar da cutar.
3. Gwajin gwajin haƙuri. Ana yin gwaje-gwaje na jini guda biyu, a kan komai a ciki da 'yan sa'o'i bayan an ba wa mai haƙuri maganin glucose. Matakan sukari sama da 11 mmol / L suna nuna ciwon sukari.
4. Gwajin jini don insulin da glycosylated haemoglobin. Yawan insulin yana nuna faruwar cutar guda 2.
5. Nazarin duban dan tayi na farji. Yana ba ku damar tantance yanayin ƙwayar kuma gano wuraren lalacewar glandar.

Kasancewar rigakafi zuwa insulin, tyrosine phosphatase ko glutamate decarboxylase a cikin jini a hade tare da bayanai kan lalata ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta tabbatar da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari.

Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali

Shawarwarin asibiti game da ciwon sukari a cikin yara sun dogara da nau'in cutar da aka gano.

Muhimmin wuraren lura sune:

• magani mai guba;
• abincin abinci;
• haɓaka aiki na jiki;
• ilimin halittar jiki.

Tare da nau'in cutar ta 1, ilimin insulin shine tushen maganin. Ana yin allura a ƙarƙashin fata tare da sirinji na insulin ko famfo. Fatar an riga an tsarkake ta tare da shiri mai maye-giya.

Dole ne a kula da hormone a hankali kuma ya zama dole don maye gurbin wurin allurar, da guji shiga cikin yankin na jiki.

Za'a iya yin allura a cikin cikin ciki na ciki, cibiyar haihuwa, a cinya, hannu da kuma kafada.

Likita ya lissafa adadin da yawan allurar yau da kullun, kuma dole ne a kula da jadawalin gudanarwar insulin sosai.

Bugu da ƙari, irin waɗannan kwayoyi za a iya tsara su:

• masu saukar da sukari;
• magungunan anabolic steroids;
• anti-mai kumburi da kwayoyi masu kashe kwayoyin cuta;
• matsin lamba na rage jami'ai;
• shirye-shiryen sulfonylurea;
• hadaddun bitamin.

Ana aiwatar da hanyoyin jiki:

• electrophoresis;
• acupuncture;
• magnetotherapy;
• tashin hankali na lantarki;
• tausa.

Yarda da abinci shine sharadi ga rayuwar karamin mai haƙuri.

Babban ka'idodin abincin shine kamar haka:

• abinci uku da abinci uku a kullum;
• yawancin carbohydrates suna faruwa a farkon rabin rana;
• kawar da sukari gaba daya kuma maye gurbin shi da kayan zaki;
• hana cin abinci mai arziki a cikin carbohydrates mai sauri, Sweets da abinci mai kitse;
• cire kayan dafa abinci da kayan abinci da aka dafa daga alkama daga abincin;
• iyakance yawan cin 'ya'yan itacen marmari;
• gabatar da karin kayan ganye, kayan lambu, Citrus da 'ya'yan itatuwa mara amfani a cikin abincin;
• maye gurbin farin burodi tare da hatsin rai ko garin hatsi gaba ɗaya;
• nama, kifi da kayayyakin kiwo ya kamata ya zama mai ƙarko;
• iyakance gishiri, kayan yaji da kayan yaji mai zafi a cikin abincin;
• yau da kullun shan ka'idodin tsarkakakken ruwa mai mahimmanci don kiyaye daidaiton ruwa, a cikin adadin 30 ml a kilo kilogram na nauyi.

Abincin abinci ya kamata ya zama hanyar rayuwa kuma dole ne a bi shi akai-akai. Yaro babba yana buƙatar samun horo a cikin ƙwarewar yin ƙididdigar XE (raka'a gurasa) da kuma kula da sirinji na insulin ko alkalami mai sihiri.

A wannan yanayin, zaka iya samun nasarar riƙe matakan da aka yarda da sukari a cikin jini na jini da ƙididdigar zaman lafiyar yaro.

Bidiyo daga uwar yarinyar da ke da ciwon sukari:

Hasashen da Rigakafin

Menene za a iya yi don hana cutar sankaran fuka? Abin takaici, kusan babu komai idan cutar ta lalace.

Akwai matakai da yawa na rigakafi, amfanin abin da zai rage illa kawai, wato, rage yiwuwar rikicewar endocrine da kare ɗan daga cutar:

• kare jariri daga yanayin damuwa;
• shan kowane magunguna, musamman hormones, likita ne kawai ya kamata ya umarta;
• ya kamata jariri ya shayar da jarirai;
• Yaran da suka manyanta yakamata su bi ka'idodin ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki, bawai cin mutuncin Sweets da abincin lemo ba;
• lura da nauyin yaro, hana haɓakar kiba;
• gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun a kowane watanni 6;
• bi da kumburi da cututtuka a kan lokaci;
• samar da ayyukan yau da kullun na jiki.

Shin za a iya magance cutar sankara? Abin takaici, cutar ba ta warkarwa. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ana iya samun tsawan lokaci na sakewa da kuma buƙatar rage ƙwayoyi masu rage sukari, amma yana ƙarƙashin tsayayyen abinci da aikin motsa jiki mai ma'ana.

Yarda da duk shawarwarin likita da halayyar kirki tana ba da yaro mai ciwon sukari ya jagoranci rayuwa ta al'ada, girma, haɓaka, koya da kusan ba sa bambanta da abokan aikinsa.