Duk tsawon rayuwa, mutum ya yi tafiya mai nisan kilomita dubu 160, wanda kusan iri ɗaya ne idan kuna tafiya cikin duniya sau 4. Shin kun taɓa mamakin yadda za kuyi wannan hanyar a ƙafa ɗaya ko a cikin keken hannu? Kuma wannan shine mafi kyawu, saboda 90% na masu ciwon sukari bayan yanke ƙafa sun mutu cikin shekaru biyu na farko bayan tiyata.
Shin za a iya guje wa gangrene tare da ƙafa mai ciwon sukari? Likitoci sun ce kowane irin ciwo na ƙafa a cikin cutar sankara ya kasance kyakkyawan dalili don yin ƙarin bincike. Idan kun fara magani akan lokaci kuma ku bi duk shawarwarin, za'a iya guje wa yankan yanki.
Mun fahimci dalilan
Me yasa kafafuwana suka ji ciwo tare da ciwon sukari? Ofayan babban fifiko shine ƙafar mai ciwon sukari - hadaddun cututtukan cututtukan cuta wanda ke faruwa a ƙarshen jijiya, tasoshin da kasusuwa na masu ciwon sukari. Wannan ciwo yana faruwa a cikin 90% na masu ciwon sukari waɗanda suka rasa farkon tsarin kumburi.
Ciwon mara mai cutar kansa
A yadda aka saba, sha'awar jijiya yakan ratsa ta hanyar jijiya ta musamman zuwa gabobin yin aikin. Tare da ciwon sukari, membrane na jijiya ya lalace, kumburinsa na kullum yana tasowa. Wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa tasirin yana zuwa wani wuri ko aikata ba daidai ba akan ƙwayar da aka zaɓa. Neuropathy yana shafar ƙarshen jijiya ba kawai kafafu ba, har ma da kwakwalwa da duk wani sashin jiki. Idan pathology ya haɓaka a cikin ciki, mai haƙuri yayi ƙarar belching, hiccups, ƙwannafi, idan shafar jijiyoyi a cikin zuciya ko tasoshin, abubuwan orthostatic suna faruwa lokacin da yake tashi cikin idanu tare da canji mai yawa a cikin jikin jiki. Tare da lalacewar jijiyoyin na mafitsara, akwai korafi na rashin daidaituwa na urinary; tare da lalacewar idanu, mai ciwon sukari baya daidaitawa da kyau lokacin da yake motsawa daga duhu zuwa ɗakin haske. Tare da neuropathy na ƙananan ƙarshen, jijiyoyi sun lalace, wanda ke ɗaukar nau'ikan kafafu na ciki.
Yaya kafafu ke ciwo a cikin ciwon sukari? Jin zafi wani yanayi ne daban - ƙone, ciwo, m. Kafafuna na kan yi rauni, akwai abubuwan motsa jiki na gurguwar gurgu.
Wani bayyanuwar neuropathy shine asarar ji. Mai haƙuri ba ya taɓa taɓawa zuwa ƙafafu, ba ya bambanta tsakanin zafi da sanyi, baya amsa jin zafi. Wannan yana da haɗari sosai, tunda mai haƙuri na iya hawa kan gilashin gilashi, ku tafi tare da shi fiye da kwana ɗaya kuma kada ku nemi taimakon likita har sai matsalar ta gagara.
Wani bayyanuwar neuropathy shine raunin motsi. Lalacewa ga jijiyoyin da ke cikin tsokoki na ciki. Mai haƙuri yayi gunaguni cewa lokacin tafiya yana tuntuɓe daga shuɗi. Wannan saboda ƙarshen jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa suna aiwatar da sha'awa ba daidai ba, don haka tsokoki na ƙafa ba su aiki.
Wani bayyanuwar cutar shine bushewar ƙafar ƙafa. Endarshen jijiya yana aika da abubuwan da ba daidai ba zuwa gabobin sebaceous, jijiya da gumi, wanda ke daidaita hydration na ƙafa. Sun bushe, microcracks sun bayyana, kamuwa da cuta wanda zai iya haifar da rikice-rikice.
Cutar Malaria mai ciwon sukari
Tare da lalacewar tasoshin ƙafafu, tattarawar lipids a cikin magudanar jini yana ƙaruwa, waɗanda ke da alhakin bayyanar sababbin filayen ƙaruwa da haɓaka abubuwan da suke wanzu. Tare da decompensated ciwon sukari, high sukari darajar lalata jijiyoyin ciki na jini. Endothelial dysfunction yana haɓaka, yana ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar sababbin filaye.
Yaya bayyanar cutar angiopathy a asibiti? Idan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙanƙara ta kasance ƙananan kuma ba ta da damuwa da kwararawar jini musamman, mai haƙuri yana gunaguni da ciwon ƙafar ƙafa a cikin ciwon sukari, musamman ma a cikin ƙwayoyin maraƙi, da jin daɗin gajiya lokacin hawa hawa bene ko lokacin tafiya mai nisa.
Idan mai ciwon sukari baya daukar matakai, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta tayi ƙaruwa kuma tana rufe ƙwayar jijiyoyin jini, hawan jini yana raguwa sosai. Raunin kafa yana faruwa lokacin tafiya da na ɗan gajeren nesa, hawa hawa yana sa ku huta a kowane bene.
Lokacin da plaque ya rufe jirgin ruwa gaba ɗaya, gundarin ƙafar ya faru - yanayin mahimminci wanda ke buƙatar tiyata cikin gaggawa don yanke ƙafa.
Idan masarar bata da jirgi gaba daya, wataƙila zai fashe a cikin ƙananan barbashi. Suna warwatse tare da ƙananan jijiyoyin ƙafa, suna haifar da tsaka-tsakin kafa na kafa, sashin sa, yatsa ɗaya ko yatsunsu da yawa.
Cutar Rashin Cutar ta Ciwon mara
Kullum, ana sabunta ƙasusuwa na mutum kullun. Akwai ƙwayoyin sel na musamman - osteoclasts waɗanda ke ɗauke da tsohuwar ƙashin tsoka, kuma akwai osteoblasts waɗanda ke haɓaka sabon ƙwayar kasusuwa. A cikin ƙoshin lafiya, wannan tsari yana daidaita. A cikin ciwon sukari, kamar yadda a cikin osteoporosis, kashi ya lalace fiye da dawo da shi, don haka a hankali ya rasa ayyukansa. Bonesasasshen ƙashi da ƙasusuwa tare da osteoporosis suna haifar da kasala na jijiya, kuma tare da ƙafar mai ciwon sukari, kasala da ƙananan kasusuwa na ƙafa suna faruwa. A sakamakon haka, ya zama nakasa kuma ya ɗauki nau'in abin da ake kira mashahuri “kujerar rocking”. Wannan yana da haɗari saboda matsin lamba yana ƙaruwa da rauni na trophic ulcers a kan yanki na kasusuwa ƙasusuwa.
Majalisar ministocin ƙafa
Marasa lafiya sau da yawa suna korafi cewa ƙafafunsu suna ciwo da ciwon sukari, abin da za a yi, koyaushe za su gaya muku a cikin ofishin ƙafar masu ciwon sukari. Likita na wannan bayanin yana hada koyar da cancantar kwararru da dama. Neurologist bincikar cututtukan zuciya. Don tantance yanayin girgizawa, zafin jiki da jijiya mai rauni, an tsara hanyoyi na musamman, dangane da jarrabawar, likitan ya gano yanayin mai haƙuri da kuma damar sa ya faɗa cikin hadarin. Kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da su don tantancewar jijiyar hannu:
- Monofilament mai nauyin 10 g - yana bincika halayyar tabarbarewa;
- Maƙallin gyaran ƙara - ya kimanta ji na ƙwarai;
- Parin haske na kanti - silinda da aka yi da kayan 2 tare da bambancin yawan zafin jiki akai-akai, yana bincika abin mamaki da yawan zafin jiki.
Marasa lafiya tare da rikice-rikice ba sa jin taɓa taɓawa na ajalin a wasu wuraren da suka dace da aƙalla maki 4 a kan sikelin na musamman na tsarin neuropathic. Abunda ya faru da irin wannan alamomin yana shafar marasa lafiya da rashin kyawun kulawar glycemic, baya bin abinci, baya karbar isasshen magani, baya bin ingantaccen tsarin rayuwa.
Maza masu haɗari sun fada cikin rukuni na haɗarin wannan cutar ta rashin hankali.
Kula da cututtukan ƙafa a cikin ciwon sukari
Idan ba a fara cutar ba, ana amfani da hanyoyin raervayi na kamuwa da kafafu don kamuwa da cutar siga:
- Normalize alamun glycemia;
- Gudanar da maganin rigakafi (zaɓin ya dogara da nau'in lalacewa);
- Adana magungunan jin zafi;
- Tare da taimakon hanyoyin jiki da magunguna suna inganta yanayin jini;
- Ana amfani da antiseptics daban-daban.
Idan hanyoyin Conservative ba su da tasiri kuma lokaci ya ɓace, ana amfani da maganin tiyata:
- Cire necrosis tare da lalacewar gida ga ƙafa;
- Yi angioplasty (maido da yanayin hanyoyin jini);
- Cire tasoshin da ba ingantattu ba zuwa farfadowa (endarterectomy);
- Saita tashoshin don tallafa musu (tsayayyun jijiya);
- Binciken wuraren lalacewar ƙafafun an yi (an cire gangrene).
Duk zaɓuɓɓukan magani ba su da tasiri idan mara lafiya ba ya shiga cikin maido da lafiya. Likitoci baki daya sun ba da sanarwar: idan an gano matsalar a kan lokaci, za su iya yi da "karamin jini."
A cikin masu ciwon sukari, duk nau'ikan rikicewa suna bayyana kansu a cikin hadaddun. Matsalar tana da rikitarwa ta hanyar neuropathy, wanda ke rage ji daɗin ciwo. Daga cikin yankan yankan guda hudu, guda uku sakamakon lalacewar kadan ne - fasa, yanke raunuka, tarkace, fitsari.
Yadda za a guji mummunan sakamako na cutar “zaki”
Gudanar da glucose na jini
Da farko dai, mai ciwon sukari yakamata ya lura da matakin glucose na jini. Yawancin mutane suna kuskuren mayar da hankali ga "sukari mai fama da yunwa", wanda aka bincika tare da mitirin glucose da safe akan komai a ciki. Abinda kawai ke nuna alama na diyya da aka yi amfani dashi a duk duniya shine matakin gemocosylated haemoglobin, wanda dole ne a bincika kowane watanni uku.
Ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki
Yana buƙatar daidaituwa daidai ga ka'idodin abinci mai ƙarancin carb ko sarrafa nauyinku, ƙididdigar kalori, ƙididdigar glycemic, insulin kashi a cikin abincin abincin gargajiya na ƙarancin ƙima na dabbobi.
Kulawa da ƙafa
Duk masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su bincika kafafunsu a kalla sau ɗaya a mako don yankewa, buɗe raunuka, kumburi, ƙwanƙwasa hanci, ƙusoshin ingrown tare da madubi ko jan hankalin mataimaka. Idan mai haƙuri ya kunna haske, safa na numfashi ba tare da maɗaɗan na roba ba kuma yana bincika su kowace maraice, wannan yana ba shi damar sarrafa ƙananan raunin ƙafafun don kula da su cikin lokaci kuma yana hana kumburi da ke haifar da yankewa. Yana da mahimmanci a zabi takalman da suka dace don kada su shafa ƙashin ƙafa ko'ina. Kuna buƙatar ɗaukar shi a cikin shagon da rana, saboda ƙafafun masu ciwon sukari sau da yawa suna ƙaruwa. Ba za ku iya sa takalmi mai tsauri ba, ba tare da insoles ba, tare da yatsun kafaffun kafa. Kafin saka takalmin a hankali bincika ciki. Wanke ƙafafunku ku bushe su sosai, musamman tsakanin yatsunku, kowace rana, ba za ku iya amfani da ruwan zafi ba - wannan haɗari ne ga jijiyoyin jini. Dole ne a yanke kusoshi akan lokaci kuma daidai (ba ɗan gajarta ba, barin sasannin ƙusoshin) don guje wa matsalolin ƙusa.
Idan hangen nesa bai ba ku damar kula da ƙafafunku da kanku ba, zaku iya amfani da sabis na salon tsalle ko taimakon dangi. Ba za ku iya fasa ɓarna ba tare da ruwa, kamar tafiya a ƙafafun ba. Ga masu ciwon sukari, kanfanoni suna sayar da mayuka na kafaffun urea na musamman waɗanda ke laushi kwalliya da warkar da fasa. An sanya su a kan dukkan ƙafafun ƙafa, in ban da wurare na intdigital. Madadin giya (deodorant, aidin, kore mai haske) baza a iya amfani dashi ba.
Aiki na Jiki
Dangane da shawarwarin Diungiyar Ciwon Cutar na Ciwon abetesasa, mai ciwon sukari yakamata ya ba da aƙalla minti 150 a mako don ɗaukar nauyin tsoka ko mintina 20 a rana. Mafi kyawun yanayi zai zama iyo a cikin tafkin, ba cika ƙafa ba ko tafiya mai sauƙi a cikin takalmin kwanciyar hankali, ba tare da jakunkuna ba, har ma da shirye-shiryen motsa jiki na musamman waɗanda aka haɓaka a cikin salon don wannan rukuni na abokan ciniki.
Ziyarar lokaci zuwa majalisa mai ciwon sukari
Ga kowane alamun lalacewar ƙafa, har ma da cikakkiyar raɗaɗi, don hana ci gaban hanyoyin motsa jiki, ya zama dole don ba da taimakon farko ga masu ciwon sukari da kuma bincike na gaggawa ta ƙwararrun masani waɗanda zasu iya bincikar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, daidai da fahimtar sakamakon duban dan tayi na ƙananan ƙarshen. Specialwararren kayan aiki zai auna matsin lamba a cikin tasoshin a kafada da ƙwallan ƙafa don ƙididdige mahimman bayanai. Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin nuna alama a cikin nazarin jijiyoyin jini, barin likitan, likitancin endocrinologist, likitan dangi ya yanke hukunci ko yana yiwuwa a magance matsalar ƙafafun ciwon sukari tare da hanyoyin kiyayewa ko yankewa ba makawa.
Likita na majalissar ƙafar mai ciwon sukari shima likita ne mai ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ya sami damar yin maganin daidai dangane da koke-koke na haƙuri da kuma bincika kafa ba tare da rikicewar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta tare da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ba, saboda waɗannan cututtukan suna buƙatar yanayin daban. Abin takaici, mutane da yawa suna neman taimako latti, don haka irin wannan likita ya kamata ya zama likitan tiyata mai kyau, wanda aka jagorance shi ta hanyoyin zamani na gudanar da irin waɗannan masu haƙuri. Dangane da ka'idodin ƙasashen duniya, mara lafiya wanda bashi da matsala daga ƙafar mai ciwon sukari ya kamata ya ziyarci ofishin ƙafar masu ciwon sukari aƙalla sau biyu a shekara don ganewar asali. Idan matsalar ta riga ta bayyana, sau da yawa na ziyarar da ajiyar magani tana ƙaddara ta likita. Duk wani nau'in kulawa na mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari ya bambanta da gaske na kulawa da rauni na marasa lafiya ba tare da matsalolin "sukari" ba, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a sami "likitan" kuma, zai fi dacewa, likita mai tiyata.
Baya ga haɗari, matsakaicin adadin yankan reshen hannu yana faruwa a cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari. Yawancin masu ciwon sukari sun tabbata cewa duk waɗannan matsalolin tare da tasoshin da ƙodan bazai shafe su ba. Amma ciwon sukari cuta ce da ba a iya faɗi ba, kuma kawai saka idanu na yau da kullun da kuma bincika lokaci a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje zasu taimaka wajen lura da canje-canje a cikin lokaci don hana yankewa.
