Tare da haɓakar ciwon sukari da fari, cutar tana da alaƙa da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ba shi da cikakken daidai. Tunda kawai a cikin nau'in farko na ciwon sukari akwai cin zarafin samar da insulin ta hanyar ƙwayoyin Langerhans na roba a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Kuma tare da ci gaba da cutar, an shafi sauran gabobin da tsarin. Da farko dai, ciwon sukari na kowane nau'in yana shafar hanta.
Aikin hanta
Baya ga aikin tacewa, tsayawa tsakanin tsarin keɓaɓɓiyar kwayoyin gaba ɗaya da ƙwayar jijiyoyi. Hankalin yana yin aikin roba da sikeli. Wannan jikin yana aiki tare da kunnawa da rashin aiki da kwayoyin halittu masu yawa wadanda ke tsara yadda aikin yake yake gudana. Ofayansu shine glucagon wanda ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin halittar ƙwayoyin cuta suka haifar. Wannan hormone yana taimakawa wajen kara yawan glucose din jini. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, ana sake shi daga wasu gabobin da kyallen takarda.
Aikin sauke ajiyar hanta shine a sanya adadi mai yawa a cikin jikinta. A wannan yanayin, ana iya adanar glucose duka a tsari na al'ada da kuma a cikin hadadden tsari wanda ake kira glycogen. Wannan polysaccharide yayin taron mawuyacin hali, raunin jiki mai ƙarfi, gajiya, a ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun enzymes hanta sun fara karyewa tare da kawo glucose cikin jini.
Glucose da ciwon sukari
Babban alamar ciwon sukari shine karuwa a cikin glucose jini. Glucose shine madadin makamashi, ba tare da halartarsa ba, ƙwayar cikin ƙwayar ciki ba ta iya samar da isasshen makamashi don aikin ƙwayoyin al'ada.
Amma wuce haddi na glucose yana da nasa sakamakon. Faruwar yawan glucose a cikin jini sabanin yadda yanayin karancin insulin yake haifar da matsananciyar yunwar jiki. Tunda glucose ba ya rushe ba tare da insulin ba. A wannan yanayin, sauran gurɓatattun abubuwa an watse, wanda daga cikinsu za'a iya ɗaukar makamashi (ƙima da sunadarai), kuma samfuransu na lalata suna da illa mai guba akan tsarin jikin mutum. Da farko dai, kwakwalwa ta sha wahala, sannan dystrophy na hanta ya faru, wanda ke barazanar ci gaban cirrhosis.
Kasancewar hanta a cikin cutar sankara
Tare da wadataccen sukari na jini a cikin kullun, glucose yana fara sanyawa a cikin kyallen da gabobin. Wanda ke haifar da rudani na karshen. Tunda hanta wani nau'in depot na glucose ne a cikin jiki, shine farkon wanda ya shafa. A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, ana canza glucose zuwa nama na adipose, a cikin parenchyma hanta, adana nama na adipose fara - steatosis.
Steatosis na iya faruwa a cikin mutanen da basu da ciwon sukari. Amma irin waɗannan mutane suna da kiba, a cikin abin da yake lalata ƙwayar hanta mai sauri. Wannan yanayin na iya haifar da haɓakar ciwon sukari na 2.
Ana nuna wannan nau'in ta hanyar samar da insulin na yau da kullun, amma a kan asalin kitsen mai, ƙwaƙwalwar nama zuwa wannan hormone yana raguwa. Akwai matakin hawan jini kodayaushe. A wannan yanayin, hanta yana aiki tuƙuru, yana ɗaukar glucose kuma yana tarawa cikin ƙwayar cuta ta parenchyma.
Mutanen da ke da steatosis na hanta yawanci ba su da gunaguni.
Tare da ci gaba da cutar, haɓakar tsarin kumburi a cikin hanta mai yiwuwa ne, kuma steatosis ya zama steatohepatitis. Wannan cutar ana nuna shi ta hanyar haɓaka da hanta, yawan zafin cutar da fata na iya faruwa, marasa lafiya suna koka da jin zafi da jin nauyi a ɓangaren dama, haɓakar gajiya, tashin zuciya da amai yana yiwuwa. A waje da tushen kumburi tsari a cikin hanta parenchyma, maye gurbinsa ta hanyar haɗin nama yana faruwa. Fibrosis na hanta ya bayyana, wanda ke nuna farkon ci gaban cirrhosis.
Cirrhosis na hanta tare da ciwon sukari yana ɗaukar haɗari na musamman. Bayan duk waɗannan, manyan gabobin sun riga sun sha wahala daga adadin adadin gubobi, kuma a haɗe akwai rashin aikin babban matattara. A cikin matakan farko na cirrhosis, ban da alamun steatohepatosis, wasu sun bayyana. Marasa lafiya suna koka game da matsanancin ƙoshin gaske, rashin ingantaccen barci da farkawa, bayyanar jin zafi a ko'ina cikin ciki, haɓaka mai yawa a cikin ciki, bayyanar cibiyar sadarwar venous akan bangon ciki. Duk waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna nuna haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayar cuta, tare da bayyanar da ƙarancin ruwa mai rauni a cikin kogon ciki, haɓakar haɓaka jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta da yawan zubar jini daga gare su.
Jiyya
Don hana ci gaban cututtukan hanta, da ciwon sukari na mellitus, ko kuma idan akwai wata alama ta waɗannan cututtukan, to don rama yanayin, lallai ne a aiwatar da wasu matakan da nufin inganta yanayin jikin. Mataki na farko shine tuntuɓar ƙwararren masani. A wannan yanayin, yana iya zama mai ilimin kanjamau na ciki, endocrinologist, hepatologist. Za su gudanar da cikakken bincike na haƙuri, wanda zai ƙayyade shugabanci a cikin wani yanayi.
Idan mara lafiya yana shan wahala daga kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 1, to ya zama dole a rubuta maganin rage cin abinci, idan ba shi da tasiri, to ya zama dole a fara sauya magani. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da magungunan maye gurbin insulin a cikin kwamfutar hannu ko kuma ta hanyar injections.
Ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari mai nau'in 2 ana yawanci ana lura dashi a cikin mutane masu kiba.
A wannan yanayin, mafi inganci zai zama canji a salon rayuwa, wasanni, da nufin rage nauyin jiki, da kuma maganin abinci.
Abincin abincin kowane nau'in ciwon sukari ya haɗa da:
- Ruwan sha mai yawa - saboda yawan asarar ruwan jiki;
- Yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa - wajibi ne don zaɓar ainihin waɗancan' ya'yan itacen da ba su da ko ƙaramin adadin, a matsayin wani ɓangare na carbohydrates mai sauri, don guje wa tsalle-tsalle na matakan glucose;
- Kayan lambu suna da mahimmanci ga jiki saboda suna tushen tushen adadin ma'adinai mai yawa, abubuwan da aka gano, fiber da bitamin, waɗanda aka rage sosai a cikin jikin a gaban ciwon sukari;
- Varietiesarancin nama mai fatarancin kitse - wanda ya zama tushen tushen furotin, don aiki na yau da kullun na ayyukan dawo da jiki;
- Kifi mai kitse - mai mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari mellitus don mayar da adadin amino acid, sunadarai da sauran abubuwan gina jiki;
- Cereals - don sake daidaita ma'aunin makamashi saboda hadaddun carbohydrates, wanda za'a raba shi na dogon lokaci a jikin mutum da kuma kula da aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin jikin.
Dole ne marasa lafiya su manne da tsarin abinci koyaushe, kowane karkacewa na iya haifar da tsalle-tsalle a cikin sukari na jini, wanda zai haifar da sakamako mara amfani.
Don hana wannan matsala tare da abincin mai haƙuri an cire shi:
- Nama mai nama;
- Samfuran soyayyen da kyafaffen;
- Sweets da abinci tare da babban abun ciki na carbohydrates mai sauri;
- Abubuwan da aka sayi kayan burodi da abinci na gida;
- Manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa da ke kara ruwa a jiki
- Arziki a cikin sitaci.
Don hana haɓakar hepatosis mai ƙiba, ya zama dole a rasa nauyi. Wasu abubuwan rage cin abinci ba zasu isa wannan ba, ana bada shawarar mutane suyi wasanni, su jagoranci rayuwa mai aiki, su rage karancin lokaci a gida, kuma suyi yawa a kan titi. Juyawa ga likitoci don taimako, suna ba da shawarar kwararrun masana. wanda zai taimaka wa marasa lafiya a cikin wannan al'amari mai wahala. Inerswararrun masu horar da ƙwararru zasu haɓaka tsarin bada wanda zai taimaka matuƙar rage nauyi. Idan marasa lafiya suka sami damar zubar da kilogiram mai ban sha'awa, to ba za su iya jin tsoro don ci gaban steatosis da ci gabansa zuwa cirrhosis ba.
Tare da haɓaka cirrhosis da rashin iya rama shi tare da maganin rage cin abinci, suna komawa ga amfani da magani. Hepatoprotectors, maganin bitamin, magungunan da ke rage karfin jini, angioprotectors, glucocorticosteroids ana amfani da su.
