Ciwon insulin juriya: yadda ake tantance (alamomi) kuma a bi (abinci mai gina jiki, magunguna)

Wuce kima, cutar zuciya, ciwon sukari mellitus, hawan jini sune hanyoyin sarkar daya. Sanadin wadannan cututtuka yawanci cuta ne na rayuwa, wanda ya danganta da juriyawar insulin.

A zahiri, wannan kalma tana nufin "baya jin insulin" kuma yana wakiltar raguwa a cikin jijiyoyin jiki, kitse da hanta hanta zuwa cikin insulin a cikin jini, a sakamakon hakan matakin sa ya zama mai zurfin lokaci. Mutanen da ke da rage ƙarfin jiyya sune sau 3-5 sau da yawa suna iya shan wahala daga atherosclerosis, a cikin 60% na lokuta suna da hauhawar jini, a cikin 84% - suna samun ciwon sukari na 2. Yana yiwuwa a gane kuma mu shawo kan juriya na insulin tun kafin ya zama sanadin duk waɗannan rikice-rikice.

Babban dalilan ci gaban insulin juriya

Ba a san ainihin abubuwan da ke haifar da juriya na insulin ba. An yi imani cewa zai iya haifar da rikice-rikice wanda ke faruwa a matakai da yawa: daga canje-canje a cikin kwayar insulin da rashin masu karɓar insulin zuwa matsaloli tare da watsawar siginar.

Wannan cin zarafin na iya faruwa saboda dalilai ɗaya ko ƙari:

1. Kiba - haɗe tare da juriya na insulin a cikin 75% na lokuta. Isticsididdiga ta nuna cewa karuwar nauyin 40% daga al'ada yana haifar da kashi ɗaya na raguwa cikin ji na insulin. Haƙiƙa haɗarin cuta na rayuwa yana tare da nau'in kiba na ciki, i.e. a ciki. Gaskiyar ita ce tso adi nama, wanda aka kafa akan bango na ciki, an san shi da matsakaicin aiki na rayuwa, daga shi ne mafi girman adadin kitse ya shiga cikin jini.
2. Halittu - watsa kwayar halittar wani tsinkaye zuwa cutar insulin jurewa da cutar sankara. Idan dangi na kusa suna da ciwon sukari, da alama samun matsaloli game da hankalin insulin ya fi ƙaruwa, musamman tare da salon rayuwar da ba za ku iya kiran lafiya ba. An yi imani cewa juriya a baya an yi niyya ne don tallafawa jama’ar ɗan Adam. A cikin wadataccen lokacin ciyarwa, mutane sun adana mai, a cikin masu fama da yunwa - kawai waɗanda ke da ƙarin ajiyar ajiya, wato, mutane da ke da ƙarfin jure insulin, sun tsira. Cikakken abinci mai yawa a zamanin yau yana haifar da kiba, hauhawar jini da ciwon sukari.
3. Rashin motsa jiki - yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa tsokoki suna buƙatar ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki. Amma ƙwayar tsoka ce ta cinye kashi 80% na glucose daga jini. Idan ƙwayoyin tsoka suna buƙatar ƙaramin makamashi don tallafawa rayuwa, sai su fara watsi da insulin wanda ke ɗauke da sukari a cikinsu.
4. Shekaru - Bayan shekaru 50, yiwuwar juriya na insulin da ciwon sukari shine 30% mafi girma.
5. Abinci mai gina jiki - yawan wuce haddi na abinci mai kyau a cikin carbohydrates, ƙaunar ingantaccen sukari yana haifar da wuce haddi na glucose a cikin jini, aiki na insulin, kuma a sakamakon haka, ƙin ƙwayar jikin mutum don gano su, wanda ke haifar da cutar sankara da ciwon sukari.
6. Magunguna - wasu magunguna na iya haifar da matsaloli tare da siginar insulin - corticosteroids (lura da rheumatism, asma, leukemia, hepatitis), beta-blockers (arrhythmia, myocardial infarction), thiazide diuretics (diuretics), Vitamin B

Bayyanar cututtuka da kuma bayyanar

Ba tare da bincike ba, ba shi yiwuwa a dogara da tabbacin cewa sel jikin sun fara hango insulin shigar jini mafi muni. Ana iya danganta cututtukan juriya na insulin ga wasu cututtuka, aikin yi, sakamakon rashin abinci mai gina jiki:

• karuwar ci;
• yanke hukunci, wahalar tuna bayanai;
• gasara yawan gas a cikin hanji.
• baqin ciki da nutsuwa, musamman bayan yawancin kayan zaki;
• karuwa da yawan kitse a ciki, samuwar abin da ake kira "lifebuoy";
• bacin rai, yanayi na bacin rai;
• lokaci-lokaci yakan tashi cikin karfin jini.

Baya ga waɗannan alamun, likita ya kimanta alamun juriya na insulin kafin yin bincike. Mai haƙuri na yau da kullun tare da wannan ciwo yana da kiba a ciki, yana da iyaye ko 'yan uwan ​​mamacin da ke fama da cutar sankara, mata suna da ƙwayoyin polycystic ko ciwon suga na ciki.

Babban alamar kasancewar juriya insulin shine girman ciki. Mutane masu kiba suna kimanta nau'in kiba. Nau'in gynecoid (mai yana tarawa a ƙasa da kugu, babban adadin a cikin kwatangwalo da buttocks) shine mafi aminci, raunin metabolism ba ƙasa da shi. Nau'in Android (mai akan ciki, kafadu, baya) yana haɗuwa da haɗarin mafi girma na ciwon sukari.

Alamar ta uku, wacce tare da yiwuwar 90% ta ba da damar kafa cin zarafi - acanthosis baƙar fata. Waɗannan yankuna ne na fata tare da ingantaccen launi, yawanci da tsayayye. Za'a iya kasancewa a gwiyoyin gwiwoyi da gwiwoyi, a baya na wuyan, a karkashin kirji, a cikin gidajen yatsunsu, cikin makwancin gwaiwa da yatsun hannu.

Don tabbatar da bayyanar cutar, an tsara mai haƙuri tare da alamomin da ke sama da alamomin gwajin gwajin insulin, dangane da abin da cutar ta ƙaddara.

Gwaji

A cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje, binciken da ake buƙata don tantance hankalin ƙwayoyin sel zuwa insulin shine yawanci ana kiranta "Assessment of Resulin Resistance."

Yadda za a ba da gudummawar jini don samun sakamako abin dogara:

1. Lokacin da aka sami wasiƙa daga likitan halartar wurin, tattauna tare da shi jerin magunguna, magungunan hana haihuwa da kuma bitamin da aka ɗauka don ware waɗanda zasu iya shafar tsarin jini.
2. Ranar da za a bincika, kana buƙatar soke horon, ƙoƙarin kaurace wa yanayin damuwa da ƙoƙarin jiki, kada ka sha giya mai ɗauke da giya. Ya kamata a lasafta lokacin abincin dare saboda kafin shan jini 8 zuwa 14 hours sun shude.
3. Theauki gwajin a hankali kan komai a ciki. Wannan yana nuna cewa da safe haramun ne a goge haƙoran ku, ɗan ƙwaya wanda bai ƙunshi sukari ba, shan wani abin sha, gami da waɗanda ba a saka su ba. Kuna iya shan taba kamar awa daya kafin ziyartar gidan.

Irin waɗannan buƙatu masu ƙima a cikin shiri don bincike shine saboda gaskiyar cewa ko da kofi na kofi, wanda aka bugu a lokacin da ba daidai ba, na iya canza alamu na glucose da gaske.

Bayan an ƙaddamar da bincike, ana ƙididdige ƙididdigar insulin a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje dangane da bayanai akan abubuwan glucose jini da matakan insulin a cikin jini.

• Moreara koyo: Gwajin jini don insulin - me yasa ka'idodi.

Alamar juriya ta insulin

Tun daga ƙarshen 70s na ƙarni na karshe, an dauki matakan haɗin hyperinsulinemic madaidaicin zinare don kimanta aikin insulin. Duk da cewa sakamakon wannan bincike sun kasance mafi daidaito, aiwatarwarsa yana da ƙarfin gaske kuma yana buƙatar kyawawan kayan aikin fasaha na dakin gwaje-gwaje. A shekara ta 1985, an samar da wata hanya mafi sauƙi, kuma an tabbatar da dogaro da tushen ƙarfin insulin juriya tare da bayanan gwajin matsawa. Wannan hanyar ta samo asali ne daga tsarin lissafi na HOMA-IR (samfurin homeostatic don tantance juriya na insulin).

Matsayin HOMA-IR, wanda ke nuna raunin ƙwayar cuta, an ƙaddara shi ne bisa bayanan ƙididdiga. Anyi nazari daga babban taron mutane kuma an kirga ƙididdigar su. An bayyana ragin a matsayin kashi 75 na rarraba kashi a yawan jama'a. Ga ƙungiyoyin jama'a daban-daban, alamomin nuna bambanci daban-daban. Hanyar tantance insulin a cikin jini shima yana shafar su.

Yawancin dakunan gwaje-gwaje suna sa bakin kofa ga mutanen da ke shekara 20-60 na shekaru 2.7 raka'a na al'ada. Wannan yana nufin cewa karuwa a cikin juriya na insulin juriya a sama da 2.7 yana nuna cin zarafin insulin idan mutum ba shi da lafiya tare da ciwon sukari.

Yadda insulin ke sarrafa metabolism

Insulin a jikin mutum:

• yana ƙarfafa canja wurin glucose, amino acid, potassium da magnesium cikin kyallen;
• yana ƙara ɗakunan ajiya na glycogen a cikin tsokoki da hanta;
• rage samuwar glucose a cikin kyallen hanta;
• haɓaka aikin haɗin furotin da rage lalata su;
• yana ƙarfafa samuwar kitse kuma yana hana fashewar mai.

Babban aikin insulin hormone a cikin jiki shine jigilar glucose daga jini zuwa ƙwayoyin tsoka da mai. Formerarshen suna da alhakin numfashi, motsi, kwararar jini, ƙarshen ɗakunan abinci don yunwar. Don glucose ya shiga kyallen, dole ne ya ƙetare membrane. Insulin yana taimaka mata a wannan, da alama, da alama ya buɗe ƙofar zuwa keji.

A membrane tantanin halitta furotin ne na musamman, wanda ya kunshi sassa biyu, wanda aka tsara a da b. Yana ɗaukar nauyin mai karɓa - yana taimaka don gane insulin. Lokacin da aka kusanci membrane tantanin halitta, ƙwayar insulin ɗin ta ɗaura wani abu a cikin mai karɓa, bayan haka sai ya canza matsayin shi a cikin ƙwayar sunadarin. Wannan tsari yana haifar da ayyukan b-subunit, wanda ke watsa siginar don kunna enzymes. Wadancan, biyun, suna motsa motsi na furotin na GLUT-4, yana motsawa zuwa membranes kuma ya haɗu tare da su, wanda ya ba da damar glucose su wuce daga jini zuwa cikin tantanin halitta.

A cikin mutanen da ke da insulin jurewar insulin kuma mafi yawan marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari, wannan tsari ya tsaya a farkon - wasu masu karbar sun kasa gane insulin a cikin jini.

Cutar ciki da Tsayayyawar insulin

Jurewar insulin yana haifar da sukari wanda ya hauhawa jini, wanda hakan yana tsokanar da aikin mutum, sannan kuma ciwon suga. Matsayi na insulin a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka ƙirar adipose nama. Wuce kima yana rage hankalin insulin.

Abin sha'awa, juriyawar insulin a lokacin daukar ciki shine dabi'a, gaba daya ilimin mutum ne. Anyi bayanin wannan ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa glucose shine babban abincin da ke cikin jariri. Duk lokacin da aka sami lokacin haila, ana kara bukatar hakan. Daga ukku na uku na glucose, tayin zai fara zama, mahaifa yana cikin tsari na tafiyarwa. Yana ɓoye sunadarai na cytokine, waɗanda ke ba da juriya na insulin. Bayan haihuwa, komai da sauri ya koma inda yake kuma an dawo da hankalin insulin.

A cikin matan da ke da nauyin jiki da rikice-rikice na ciki, jurewar insulin na iya ci gaba bayan haihuwa, wanda ke kara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar siga.

Yadda za a kula da juriya na insulin

Abinci da aiki na zahiri suna taimakawa kula da juriya na insulin. Mafi yawan lokuta, sun isa su dawo da hankalin kwayar halitta. Don hanzarta aiwatarwa, wani lokacin an tsara magunguna waɗanda zasu iya tsara yanayin aiki.

Yana da mahimmanci a sani: >> Menene cutar sikari da yadda za'a magance ta.

Abinci don inganta aikin insulin

Abincin abinci tare da juriya na insulin tare da rashin adadin kuzari na iya rage bayyanar a cikin 'yan kwanaki, tun kafin asarar nauyi. Ragewa har ma da nauyin 5-10 na nauyi yana inganta sakamako kuma yana mayar da martanin sel zuwa insulin. Dangane da binciken, marasa lafiya da juriya na insulin, amma ba tare da ciwon sukari ba, yayin da suke asara mai nauyi, ƙara yawan ƙwayar sel ta 2% zuwa 16%.

Maɓallin menu dangane da binciken an tattara shi ta hanyar halartar likitan halartar yin la'akari da halaye na mutum na haƙuri. Tare da lipids na jini na yau da kullun da ƙara ƙima a cikin nauyi, ana ba da shawarar ƙasa da 30% na adadin kuzari daga fats kuma ya ƙuntata yawan ci mai ƙoshin mai. Idan nauyin jiki yana buƙatar ragewa sosai, adadin mai a cikin abincin ya kamata ya ragu sosai.

Idan ba ku da ciwon sukari, rage carbohydrates zuwa ƙananan glucose jini ba lallai ba ne. Masana kimiyya ba su sami dangantaka tsakanin yawan sukari a cikin abinci da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar sel ba. Babban nuna alamar abinci mai dacewa shine asarar nauyi, kowane abinci, gami da karancin carb, ya dace da waɗannan manufofin. Babban abin buƙata shine rashin adadin kuzari, wanda ke ba da tsayayyen nauyi.

Aiki na yau da kullun

Motsa jiki yana taimakawa wajen kashe adadin kuzari, sabili da haka, suna taimakawa rage nauyi. Wannan ba kawai tasirinsu mai kyau bane kan tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. An tabbatar da cewa lokacin horo na mintuna 45 yana ɓoye ɗakunan glycogen tsoka kuma yana ƙaruwa da haɓaka glucose daga jini sau 2, wannan tasirin yana ɗaukar awanni 48. Wannan yana nufin cewa aiki na jiki sau 3-4 a mako a cikin rashin ciwon sukari yana taimakawa wajen magance juriya na kwayar halitta.

Ayyuka masu zuwa an fi son su:

1. Ayyukan motsa jiki na dindindin daga 25 mintuna 25 zuwa awa daya, a yayin da ake kula da bugun jini na 70% na adadin kuzarin zuciya.
2. Babban ƙarfin ƙarfin horo tare da saiti masu yawa da yawa na reps.

Haɗin waɗannan nau'ikan ayyukan biyu suna ba da kyakkyawan sakamako. Horarwa na dogon lokaci yana ƙaruwa da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin sel ba kawai na wani lokaci bayan azuzuwan ba, har ma yana haifar da kyakkyawan yanayin game da rage juriya na insulin a cikin lokutan rashin motsa jiki. Wasanni na iya magancewa da kuma magance matsalar.

Magunguna

Idan canje-canje na rayuwar bai isa ba, kuma bincike ya ci gaba da nuna ƙididdigar HOMA-IR, kulawa tare da juriya na insulin, rigakafin ciwon sukari da sauran rikice-rikice ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar amfani da maganin metformin.

Glucophage magani ne na asali da aka samo shi, aka bunkasa da kuma ƙera shi a Faransa. Yana inganta jijiyoyin sel zuwa insulin, amma baya iyawa don samarda abubuwanda ke faruwa ta hanjin kwayar cutar, saboda haka ba'a amfani dashi don nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari ba. Nazarin da yawa sun tabbatar da ingancin Glucophage ta hanyar duk ka'idojin magungunan tabbatar da hujjoji.

Abin baƙin ciki, metformin a cikin babban allurai yakan haifar da sakamako masu illa a cikin nau'in tashin zuciya, zawo, dandano mai ƙarfe. Bugu da kari, zai iya tsoma baki tare da shan bitamin B12 da folic acid. Sabili da haka, ana wajabta metformin a cikin mafi ƙarancin yiwuwar sashi, yana mai da hankali ga magani akan asarar nauyi da aikin jiki.

Glucophage yana da analogues da yawa - kwayoyi waɗanda suke cikakke iri ɗaya tare da shi a cikin kayan haɗin. Wadanda suka fi fice sune Siofor (Jamus), Metformin (Russia), Metfogamma (Jamus).