Jikin mutum wani kwarara ne, kowane tsarin aiki na biyu. A cikin tabbatar da ci gaba da aiki, hormones suna taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya yana ba da damar motsa jiki zuwa dukkanin tsarin da gabobin. A sa'i daya, tsarin endocrine yana asirin insulin, glucagon da sauran kwayoyin halittun da ke wajaba don ci gaba da aiki a jikin mutum.
Kwayoyin halittar cututtukan zuciya
Tsarin exocrine da endocrine sune abubuwan cikin hanji na farko. Don abincin da ke shiga cikin jiki ya rushe zuwa cikin sunadarai, fats da carbohydrates, yana da mahimmanci cewa tsarin exocrine yana aiki cikakke.
Wannan tsarin shine ke samarda aƙalla kashi 98 cikin ɗari na ruwan narkewa, inda akwai enzymes waɗanda ke rushe abinci. Bugu da kari, kwayoyin halittun jiki suna kayyade dukkan hanyoyin tafiyar da jiki.
Babban kwayoyin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan hanji sune:
- Insulin
- C peptide
- Insulin
- Glucagon.
Dukkanin kwayoyin cututtukan cututtukan jiki, gami da glucagon da insulin, suna da alaƙa da juna. Insulin yana da rawar tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali ta glucose, Bugu da kari, yana kula da matakin amino acid ga jiki.
Glucagon yana aiki azaman nau'i mai ƙarfafawa. Wannan kwayar halitta ta hade dukkanin abubuwanda suke bukata, tare da aika su cikin jini.
Ana iya samar da insulin na hormone kawai tare da babban matakin glucose a cikin jini. Aikin insulin shine a ɗaura masu karɓa akan membranes, shi kuma yana kai su kwayar. Sannan ana canza glucose zuwa glycogen.
Koyaya, ba duk gabobin da ke buƙatar insulin a matsayin mai kiyaye glucose ba. Ana samun glucose ko da kuwa insulin a cikin sel:
- Intestines
- Kwakwalwa
- Hanta
- Kodan.
Idan akwai karancin insulin a cikin farji, to wannan na iya haifar da hauhawar jini. Yanayin yana da haɗarin gaske lokacin da glucose daga jini ba zai iya shiga sel ba. Sakamakon wanda zai iya zama raɗaɗi na ciwo, har ma da mutuwa asibiti. Karanta ƙari game da abubuwa daban-daban a cikin labarin low insulin tare da sukari na al'ada.
Idan akasin haka, ana samar da insulin hormone a cikin ƙwayar cuta, to za a yi amfani da glucose cikin sauri kuma taro cikin jini ya ragu sosai, yana haifar da hauhawar jini. Wannan halin kuma yana haifar da mummunan sakamako, har zuwa cutar rashin lafiya na yara.
Matsayin glucagon a cikin jiki
Matscin glucagon na hormone yana shiga cikin samar da glucose a cikin hanta kuma yana daidaita ingantaccen abun cikin jini. Don aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, yana da mahimmanci don kula da tattarawar glucose a cikin jini akai-akai. Wannan shine kimanin 4 grams a cikin awa 1 don tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.
Tasirin glucagon akan samarwar glucose a cikin hanta an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar ayyukanta. Glucagon yana da wasu ayyuka, yana ƙarfafa rushewar lipids a cikin nama na adipose, wanda ke rage ƙwayar jini sosai. Bayan wannan, glucagon hormone:
- Yana haɓaka kwararar jini a cikin ƙodan;
- Yana haɓaka yawan ƙwayar sodium daga gabobin, kuma yana tabbatar da ingantaccen rabo na jiki a cikin jiki. Kuma muhimmin abu ne ga aikin jijiyoyin jini;
- Na sake farfado da ƙwayoyin hanta;
- Yana ƙarfafa sakin insulin daga sel jikin;
- Increara yawan abun da ke cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar haɗi.
Yawan glucagon a cikin jini yana haifar da bayyanar cututtukan ciwace-ciwacen cuta a cikin farji. Koyaya, ciwon kansa na kansar hanji abu ne wanda ya zama ruwan dare; ya bayyana a cikin mutane 30 daga cikin mutane dubu.
Ayyukan insulin da glucagon suna yin tsayayya da ƙuri'a. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar sauran mahimman kwayoyin halittu don kula da matakan glucose na jini:
- cortisol
- adrenaline
- girma hormone.
Gua'idodin ɓoye glucagon
Increasearin yawan abubuwan gina jiki yana haifar da haɓakar haɗarin amino acid: arginine da alanine.
Wadannan amino acid suna kara samar da glucagon a cikin jini, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a tabbatar da ingantaccen tsarin amino acid din a jiki, tare da bin tsarin lafiya.
Tsarin glucagon na hormone shine mai kara tabbatar da amino acid zuwa glucose, wadannan sune manyan ayyukanta. Saboda haka, tattara glucose a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke nufin cewa ana samar da sel da kyallen takarda na jiki tare da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na kwayoyin.
Bugu da ƙari ga amino acid, glucagon ɓoye kuma ana motsa shi ta hanyar motsa jiki mai aiki. Abin sha'awa, ya kamata a aiwatar da su a iyakar iyakokin mutum. Haka kawai, taro na glucagon ya tashi sau biyar.
Maganin magunguna na glucagon
Glucagon yana aiki kamar haka:
- rage ragewa
- yana canza adadin yawan rikicewar zuciya
- yana kara yawan glucose a jiki sakamakon rushewar glycogen da samuwar sa a hade hade da sauran abubuwan halittar.
Alamu don amfani da samfurin magani
An bayar da maganin glucagon miyagun ƙwayoyi ne ta hanyar abin da ya faru na:
- Rashin hankalin kwakwalwa, kamar warkewar motsa jiki,
- Ciwon sukari (mellitus) tare da kwantar da hankula game da cututtukan cututtukan jini (na karancin jini),
- Karatun aiki da dakin gwaje-gwaje na sassan gabobin ciki, a matsayin magungunan taimakawa,
- Bukatar kawar da spasm a cikin m diverticulitis,
- Pathology na biliary fili,
- Don shakatawa da santsi na tsokoki na hanji da ciki.
Umarnin don amfani da glucagon
Don amfani da hormone don dalilai na magani, ana samun shi daga ƙwayar dabbobi kamar sa ko alade. Abin ban sha'awa shine, jerin abubuwan amino acid a cikin sarkar a cikin wadannan dabbobi da mutane suna da matukar bambanci.
Tare da hypoglycemia, 1 ana ɗaukar milligram na glucagon a cikin ciki ko a cikin intramuscularly. Idan ya zama dole don samar da taimakon gaggawa, to, ana amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin na maganin magunguna.
Yarda da ainihin umarnin don amfani da glucagon hormone yana nuna cewa haɓakawa a cikin haƙuri tare da ƙananan sukari na jini yana faruwa bayan minti 10. Wannan zai rage haɗarin lalacewar tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.
Lura cewa an hana shi gudanar da glucagon ga yara waɗanda ke da nauyin jikinsu mai nauyin kilo 25. Yara suna buƙatar shigar da kashi har zuwa 500 MG kuma su lura da yanayin jikin na mintina 15.
Idan komai na al'ada ne, kuna buƙatar ƙara yawan kashi ta 30 mcg. Idan ya kasance cikin raunin glucagon a cikin hanta, ana buƙatar ƙara yawan sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi sau da yawa. Haramun ne yanke hukunci da kansa game da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Da zaran mai haƙuri ya inganta, ana ba da shawarar a ci abincin furotin, a sha shayi mai daɗin ɗumi kuma a ɗauki madaidaiciya na tsawon awanni 2 don guje wa sake komawa ciki.
Idan amfani da glucagon bai bada sakamako ba, ana bada shawarar gudanar da glucose a cikin ciki. Tasirin sakamako bayan amfani da glucagon sune sha'awar amai da tashin zuciya.
