Insulin: alamomi da siffofin, umarnin don amfani da magani

A yau, masana'antar masana'antu suna samar da nau'ikan insulin daban-daban. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da nau'ikan insulin a cikin magani.

Rukunin insulins mafi yawanci an ƙaddara su dangane da tsawon lokacin da suke aiwatarwa bayan gudanarwa ga jikin mutum. A cikin magani, magunguna na waɗannan masu zuwa ana rarrabe su:

• ultrashort;
• gajere
• matsakaiciyar lokacin aiki;
• magunguna masu dadewa.

Amfani da ɗayan ko wani nau'in insulin ya dogara da halaye na mutum na mai haƙuri da kuma tsarin kula da ciwon sukari na mellitus tare da insulin.

Abubuwan insulin daban-daban sun bambanta da juna duka a cikin abun da ke ciki da kuma tsarin aikin. Ga kowane nau'in shiri na insulin, an tsara umarnin don amfani daidai da halayen abun da ke ciki da hanyar shiri.

Bugu da ƙari, akwai buƙatu gaba ɗaya waɗanda ya kamata a bi lokacin gudanar da aikin insulin. Kowane shiri na insulin yana da wasu alamomi da kuma contraindications don amfani.

Menene insulin?

Insulin wani shiri ne na gina jiki-peptide na asalin kwayoyin halittar. Ana amfani da insulin a matsayin takamaiman kayan aiki don maganin ciwon sukari.

Insulin wani hormone ne wanda yake aiki sosai a cikin tsarin karbala (metabolism) kuma yana taimakawa rage yawan glucose a cikin jini na mai haƙuri. Rage carbohydrates a cikin jini ana samunsa ta hanyar ƙara yawan amfani da sugars ta hanyar kyallen takaddun insulin a ƙarƙashin rinjayar insulin. Insulin yana haɓaka aikin glycogen ta ƙwayoyin hanta kuma yana hana sauya fats da amino acid zuwa carbohydrates.

Tare da rashin insulin a cikin jikin mutum, ana lura da karuwa a cikin matakan sukari na jini. Increaseara yawan glucose na jini yana haifar da ci gaban ciwon sukari da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa. Rashin insulin a cikin jiki yana faruwa ne sakamakon rikice-rikice a cikin ƙwayar cuta, wanda ya bayyana saboda lalacewar tsarin endocrine, bayan raunin da ya faru ko tare da raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa mai ƙarfi akan jikin da ke hade da faruwa na yanayi mai damuwa.

Shirye-shiryen da ke kunshe da insulin an yi su ne daga naman alade.

Mafi sau da yawa, samar da kwayoyi suna amfani da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta garken shanu da aladu.

Alamu don amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin

Alamu don amfani da insulin shine kasancewar jikin mutum na ci gaba na mellitus na ciwon sukari mai gudana a cikin tsari mai dogaro da insulin.

A cikin adadi kaɗan, ana iya amfani da insulin a cikin lura da wasu cututtukan hanta.

Idan ya cancanta, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da kwayoyi tare da insulin a cikin lura da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan kwakwalwa.

Baya ga yin amfani da shirye-shiryen hormone a cikin maganin cutar sankara, alamomin insulin don amfani suna iya samun masu zuwa:

1. yin rigakafi da magani na acidosis;
2. rigakafin ci gaban ci;
3. lura da thyrotoxicosis;
4. farjin tarin fuka;
5. ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin maganin cututtukan fata a cikin maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, eczema, urticaria, da sauransu.
6. amfani a gaban yisti raunuka na fata.

Yin amfani da insulin a cikin maganin shan barasa da wasu nau'ikan schizophrenia sun nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. A cikin lura da wasu nau'ikan schizophrenia, ana amfani da maganin insulinocomatosis. Lokacin amfani da wannan maganin, ana shigar da kashi na insulin a cikin jikin mai haƙuri wanda zai iya haifar da girgiza hypoglycemic.

A wasu halaye, za a iya gabatar da shirye-shiryen dauke da sinadarin insulin a cikin jiki yayin dakatar da tsarin rage karfin jijiyoyi da dawo da ingantaccen aikinsa.

Yin amfani da kwayoyi yana buƙatar tsananin kulawa da alamu ga amfanin insulin, wannan yana hana rikice-rikice lokacin da aka gabatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin jiki.

Contraindications da umarni na musamman

Contraindications don amfani da insulin sune irin waɗannan cututtuka kamar:

• maganin ciwon huhu
• fitar;
• hepatitis;
• kasancewar kodan koda da kuma cutar cututtukan koda na koda;
• kasancewar cutar zuciya;
• gaban peptic miki na ciki da na duodenum.

Bayan waɗannan dalilai, insulin contraindications na iya samun waɗannan:

1. kasancewar mai haƙuri da nau'in insulin-da ya dogara da ciwon sikila zuwa insulin na roba;
2. kasancewar jinin haila a jikin mai haƙuri ko kuma abubuwanda ake bukata don faruwar hakan;

Abinda ya danganta ga amfani da kwayoyi masu dauke da insulin shine kasancewar a jikin mai haƙuri na mummunar nau'ikan rashin lafiyan kai tsaye ga magungunan da ke dauke da insulin.

Yawancin kwayoyi da suka ƙunshi insulin na hormone ba da shawarar don maganin insulin na mellitus-insulin-da ke fama da ciwon sukari a lokacin haihuwa da lactation. Yayin cikin ciki, yakamata kuyi amfani da kwayoyi waɗanda aka yi akan asalin insulin na hormone, wanda shine asalin dabba.

A lokacin haila da shayarwa, magunguna da aka yi akan asalin insulin mutum yakamata ayi amfani dasu.

Tasirin sakamako da yanayin amfani na musamman

Manyan sakamako na insulin a jiki yana bayyana idan ya kasance yawan zubar ruwa lokacin allura. Game da yawan abin sama da ya kamata, ana samun karuwar matakan insulin plasma.

Anara yawan abubuwan insulin a jikin mai haƙuri tare da ɗaukar abincin da ba a taɓa tsammani ba na iya tayar da haɓakar insulin a cikin jikin mai haƙuri da ke fama da cutar sankara, wanda hakan na iya haifar da girgizawar jiki.

Increasearuwar yawan insulin a jikin mutum yana haifar da yawan ɗumi, zafin jiki, haɓakar ayyukan sirrin glandon gwal da kuma yawan yin saurin numfashi. Ta hanyar yin amfani da insulin mai karfi wanda kuma ba tare da ciwan lokaci na magunguna ko abinci masu wadatar da carbohydrates ba, asarar hankali da rashi na iya faruwa. Rationarin lalacewa yana haifar da hauhawar jini.

Don kawar da yawan ƙwayoyi masu yawa wanda ya ƙunshi insulin, ana buƙatar ɗaukar gram 100 na farin gurasa, shayi mai ɗanɗano ko tablespoonsan tablespoons kaɗan na sukari a farkon alamun sashi.

A gaban alamun bayyanar alamun girgiza, ya kamata a gudanar da glucose a cikin mara lafiya a cikin jijiya. Idan ya cancanta, zaku iya amfani da gabatarwar adrenaline subcutaneously.

Ana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman a cikin yanayin amfani da insulin roba a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari na mellitus, a gaban rashin daidaituwa na jijiyoyin ƙwaƙwalwa da kuma gano rikice-rikice a cikin keɓaɓɓiyar ƙwayar cuta. Dangane da amfani da insulin tsawan lokaci, bincike na yau da kullun game da fitsari da jini don abubuwan da ke cikin suga. Irin wannan nazarin don bayyana mafi kyawun lokacin don shan ƙwayar don cimma sakamako mafi kyawun tasiri.

Don gabatarwar miyagun ƙwayoyi, ana amfani da sirinji na musamman ko sirinji na alkalami na musamman.

Yin amfani da sirinji ko sirinji na alkalami ya dogara da nau'in insulin da aka yi amfani dashi yayin aikin insulin.

Hanyar amfani da kwayoyi

Mafi sau da yawa, gudanar da kwayoyi masu ɗauke da insulin ana yin su ne ta wucin gadi ko subcutaneously. Tare da haɓaka coma, ana yin insulin ta hanyar allura ta ciki.

Matsayin insulin da ake buƙata a cikin lura da ciwon sukari ta hanyar insulin therapy an ƙaddara daban-daban.

Matsakaicin adadin insulin da ake buƙata don maganin insulin na ciwon sukari mellitus na iya kasancewa daga raka'a 10 zuwa 40.

Idan mai ciwon sukari ya faru, za a iya ba da izini zuwa raka'a 100 na ƙwayar a cikin fata don rama coma kowace rana. Kuma lokacin amfani da hanyar amfani da hanyoyin shiga ciki, ba raka'a sama da 50 ba. A wasu halaye, kashi na maganin yana daga raka'a 6 zuwa 10.

Don allura, ana amfani da sirinji na musamman, wanda ke ba da damar sarrafa nauyin maganin gaba ɗaya ba tare da saura ba, wanda ke guje wa kurakuran sashi.

Ana amfani da allurar yau da kullun na insulin a cikin jiki daidai da shawarwarin kuma ya dogara da nau'in maganin da aka yi amfani dashi. Ana gudanar da allurar ta dace da tsarin da aka samu daga endocrinologist.

Tasirin maganin yana farawa ne bayan gudanarwa, dangane da nau'ikansa:

• ultrashort fara aiki a cikin mintina 15;
• tsawan magani yana fara aiki bayan sa'o'i 1-2

Ana amfani da kwalban gilashi don adana insulin. Adana ƙwayoyi a cikin wuri mai sanyi wanda aka kiyaye shi daga hasken rana.

Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin yana gaya maka lokacin da ake buƙatar insulin.