A yau, ciwon sukari ba cuta ce mai saurin faruwa ba kuma abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanar sa koyaushe ba a ɓoye suke a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta ba. A yawancin halaye, cutar tana haɓaka da tushen salon rayuwa, damuwa na yau da kullun, mummunan halaye da ƙarancin abinci.
Amma a kowane hali, ciwon sukari yana buƙatar magani, tunda ci gabanta yana haifar da ci gaba da rikitarwa masu yawa masu haɗari. Wadannan tasirin sun hada da aikin gani da kyau, kamuwa da cuta, matsaloli tare da tsarin zuciya, hauhawar jini, nephropathy da polyneuropathy.
Idan cutar kansa ba ta samar da insulin a cikin masu cutar sankarar mahaifa ba, to ana yi masa iskar hormone. Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun kwayoyi daga wannan rukuni shine Insulin R. Amma menene, menene tasirin sa da yadda ake amfani dashi?
Rinsulin P: nau'i na saki da kuma halayen magunguna
Magungunan kwayar cutar insulin na mutum ne wanda ke aiki cikin sauri ta hanyar fasaha ta DNA. Wakili yana ɗaure wa masu karɓar ƙwayoyin sel na waje, suna samar da hadaddun insulin-receptor wanda ke kunna abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin sel, gami da samar da manyan enzymes.
Ana samun raguwar yawan sukari na jini ta hanyar haɓaka jigilar glucose a cikin tsakiyar sel, ɗaukar hankalin sa da ƙari ta hanyar kyallen takarda. Starfafawa na glycogenogenesis, lipogenesis shima yana faruwa kuma yawan haɓakar glucose ta hanta yana raguwa.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, tsawon lokacin sakamako na shirye-shiryen insulin an ƙaddara shi da ƙimar sha, dangane da dalilai da yawa (yanki da hanyar gudanarwa, kashi). Sabili da haka, bayanan bayanan aiki na iya bambanta a kowane haƙuri. Amma a zahiri, bayan subcutaneous management, Rinsulin P yana yin aiki bayan rabin sa'a, kuma an sami sakamako mafi girma bayan sa'o'i 1-3 kuma yana zuwa 8 hours.
GEROFARM-BIO OJSC mai samar da insulin na R shine ya samar da kwayar cutar ta fannoni uku:
- Magani (10 IU / ml) don allurar 3 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin gilashin gilashi tare da kayan roba.
- Kayan katako guda 5 a firiji na bakin ruwa wanda aka yi da tsare da kuma PVC.
- An haɗa katun a cikin takaddun sirinji mai yawa wanda aka yi da filastik, sanya shi cikin kwali.
Cikakken mamaye abubuwa da kuma fara aiki na insulin gajeran aiki dan adam an tabbatar da shi daga yankin, wuri, hanyar gudanarwa da kuma maida hankali ga aiki mai aiki. Ba a rarraba magungunan a ko'ina cikin kyallen ba; baya shiga cikin madara nono da katangar mahaifa.
An lalata shi ta hanyar insulinase galibi a cikin kodan da hanta. An cire maganin a cikin 30-80% na kodan. T1 / 2 shine minti 2-3.
Umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi
An nuna magungunan don kowane nau'in ciwon sukari na sukari, a cikin batun cikakken juriya ko bangaranci ga allunan rage sukari. Hakanan ana amfani dashi a cikin yanayi na gaggawa a cikin masu ciwon sukari a kan asalin tsarin lalata metabolism na metabolism kuma a cikin yanayin cututtukan cutuka. Koyaya, ba a ba da magunguna don maganin cututtukan hypoglycemia da rashin haƙuri ɗaya zuwa abubuwan da ya ƙunsa.
Magungunan an yi niyya ne don iv, v / m, s / c gudanarwa. Hanyar gudanarwa da kuma sashi na maganin endocrinologist an wajabta shi gwargwadon halayen mutum na mai haƙuri. Matsakaicin adadin maganin shine 0.5-1 IU / kg na nauyi.
Ana gudanar da magungunan insulin na gajere a cikin minti 30. Kafin shan abinci mai guba. Amma da farko, ya kamata ku jira har sai yawan zafin jiki na dakatarwar ya tashi zuwa akalla digiri 15.
Game da maganin monotherapy, ana gudanar da insulin sau 3 zuwa 6 a rana. Idan kashi na yau da kullun ya fi 0.6 IU / kg, to, kuna buƙatar shigar da allura biyu ko fiye a wurare daban-daban.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wakili yana allurar sc zuwa bangon ciki. Amma za'a iya yin allura a kafada, gindi da cinya.
Lokaci-lokaci, dole ne a canza yankin allurar, wanda zai hana bayyanar lipodystrophy. Game da kulawa da s / c na kwayoyin, kana buƙatar yin hankali don tabbatar da cewa ruwa ba ya shiga cikin jini. Hakanan, bayan allurar, ba za a iya taɓantar da yankin allura ba.
A cikin / in da / m gwamnati mai yiwuwa ne kawai a karkashin kulawa na likita. Ana amfani da katako don kawai idan ruwan yana da launi mai tsabta ba tare da ƙazanta ba, saboda haka, lokacin da hazo ya bayyana, an haramta mafita.
Yana da kyau a tuna cewa katukan suna da takamaiman na’ura wacce ba ta bada izinin hada abubuwan da ke cikin su da sauran nau'in insulin. Amma tare da madaidaicin cika alkairin sirinji ana iya sake amfani dasu.
Bayan sakawa, dole ne a kwance allurar tare da hula ta waje sannan a jefar dashi. Don haka, ana iya hana yaduwar ruwa, ana iya amintar da iskar ruwa, kuma iska ba zata iya shiga allura kuma ta rufe ba.
Lokacin amfani da allon alkalami mai cike da yawa, kafin amfani na farko, cire alkairin sirinji daga firiji ka jira har sai ya sami zazzabi ɗakin. Koyaya, idan ruwan ya daskare ko ya kasance mai girgiza, to baza'a iya amfani dashi ba.
Wasu dokoki har yanzu suna buƙatar a kiyaye:
- Ba za a iya sake amfani da allura ba;
- Rashin insulin R wanda aka cike alkairin syringe an yi shi ne kawai don amfanin mutum, yayin da tarin siket ɗin alkalami ba zai iya cikawa ba;
- ba dole a adana alkalami mai sihiri da aka yi amfani dashi ba a cikin firiji;
- don kare alkairin sirinji daga haske, kullun rufe shi da hula.
Dole ne a adana maganin da aka riga aka yi amfani dashi da shi a zazzabi na 15 zuwa 25 don bai wuce kwanaki 28 ba. Hakanan, kar a ƙyale na'urar ta yi zafi ko a fallasa ta ga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Game da yawan abin sama da ya kamata a cikin jini, yawan sukari zai iya raguwa sosai. Kula da cututtukan hypoglycemia ya ƙunshi ɗaukar abinci mai ɗauke da carbohydrate ko abin sha mai dadi. Sabili da haka, masu ciwon sukari ya kamata koyaushe suna da Sweets ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace tare da su.
Tare da matsanancin rashin ƙarfi, lokacin da mai ciwon sukari bai san komai ba, ana allura shi da maganin glucose (40%) ko glucagon.
Bayan mutum ya sake tunani, ya kamata a ciyar da shi abincin carbohydrate, wanda zai hana ci gaba da kai hari na biyu.
Rashin Amincewa da Hadin Gwiwa
Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sune gazawa a cikin metabolism metabolism. Don haka, sake dubawar likitoci da marasa lafiya sun gangaro gaskiyar cewa bayan gudanarwar Rinsulin P, hypoglycemia na iya haɓaka. An bayyana wannan ta hanyar malaise, blanching na fata, ciwon kai, palpitations, rawar jiki, yunwa, hyperhidrosis, dizziness, kuma a cikin lokuta masu tsauri, cutar sikila ta haɓaka a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus.
Hakanan ana iya halayen halayen ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su edema na Quincke, fatar fata, suma. Tashin hankalin Anaphylactic, wanda zai haifar da mutuwa, lokaci-lokaci yana ci gaba.
Daga halayen gida, itching, kumburi da hyperemia a cikin allurar mafi yawan lokuta suna faruwa. Kuma game da yanayin ilimin insulin na tsawan lokaci, lipodystrophy yana bayyana a wurin allurar.
Sauran halayen da ba su dace ba sun hada da kumburi da raunin gani. Amma yawanci waɗannan alamun suna tafi yayin maganin.
Akwai magunguna da yawa waɗanda ke shafar abubuwan insulin. Don haka, ra'ayoyin likitoci sun ce sakamakon rage karfin sukari na insulin ya zama mai karfi idan aka hada amfani da shi da hanyoyin masu zuwa:
- allunan rigakafin jini;
- ethanol;
- ACE / MAO / carbon hanawa anhydrase;
- shirye-shiryen lithium;
- marasa β-blockers;
- Fenfluramine;
- Bromocriptine;
- Cyclophosphamide;
- salicylates;
- Mebendazole da ƙari.
Nicotine, glucagon, phenytoin, somatropin, morphine, estrogens, maganin hana haihuwa, diazoxide da corticosteroids suna rage tasirin hypoglycemic. Kwayoyin cutar ta thyroid dauke da sinadarin aidin, CCB, thiazide diuretics, Epinephrine, Clonidine, Heparin, Danazole, tricyclic antidepressants da tausayawa ma sun kara lalata tasirin sukari.
Yin amfani da B-blockers na iya rufe alamun hypoglycemia. Lanreotide ko Octreotide da barasa na iya haɓaka ko rage yawan insulin.
Ba shi da cikakkiyar dacewa don haɗa insulin ɗan adam tare da kwayoyi masu kama da samfuran dabbobi.
Umarni na musamman
A gaba da asalin ilimin insulin, yana da mahimmanci a kula da kullun alamun glycemia. Lallai, ban da yawan shaye-shaye, wasu cututtuka, maye gurbin miyagun ƙwayoyi, ƙara yawan motsa jiki, zawo, canji a cikin allurar har ma abinci mara kan gado na iya taimakawa wajen rage yawan sukari.
Bugu da ƙari, katsewa a cikin aikin insulin da kuma ƙarancin sashi na iya haifar da hauhawar jini a cikin marasa lafiya da ke ɗauke da ciwon sukari na 1. Idan babu maganin, ketoacidosis na barazanar rayuwa na iya haɓaka.
Idan akwai cin zarafi a cikin aiki na kodan, hanta, glandar glandon fata, hypopituitarism, cutar Addison da kuma lokacin tsufa, ya zama dole don daidaita sashin insulin. Bugu da ƙari, canji na sashi na iya zama dole lokacin da ake canza abinci da haɓaka aikin jiki.
Bukatar insulin yana ƙaruwa a gaban cututtukan concomitant, musamman waɗanda ke da alaƙa da zazzabi. Yana da kyau a lura cewa yayin sauyawa daga wani nau'in insulin zuwa wani, ya kamata a lura da sukarin jini a hankali.
Kudin Rinsulin R sun tashi daga 448 zuwa 1124 rubles.
Baya ga Insulin P, akwai magani Rinsulin NPH. Amma ta yaya waɗannan kudaden za su bambanta?
Rinsulin NPH
Magungunan shima insulin na mutum ne wanda aka samu ta hanyar fasahar DNA. Koyaya, a kwatanta da Insulin P, ba shi da ɗan gajeru, amma matsakaicin sakamako. Duk magungunan za a iya haɗuwa.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, bayan sc gwamnati, aikin insulin ya fara a cikin 1.5 hours. Ana samun babban sakamako bayan sa'o'i 4-12 kuma yana kwana ɗaya.
Dakatarwar tana da fararen launi, kuma lokacin da take tsaye a ƙasan kwalbar, fasalin haɓaka, wanda, lokacin da aka girgiza, an sake tayar da shi. Abubuwan da ke aiki na miyagun ƙwayoyi shine insulin-isophan.
Kamar yadda aka yi amfani da abubuwan taimako:
- distilled ruwa;
- protin sulfate;
- sinadarin sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate;
- glycerol;
- metacresol;
- crystalline phenol.
Ana samun fitowar a cikin gilashin gilashin 3 ml kowannensu, an sanya shi a cikin kwali-kwane kwali. Hakanan, za'a iya siyan samfurin a cikin katako na gilashin da aka sanya a cikin sirinji mai yawa don injections na Rinastra da yawa.
Pharmacokinetics da alamomi don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi iri ɗaya ne a cikin yanayin batun amfani da Rinsulin R. Maganin maganin yana ƙaddara da likita daban-daban.
Matsakaicin adadin maganin shine 0.5-1 IU / kg na nauyin jiki. Amma shigar cikin jijiyoyin cuta contraindicated.
Umarnin don yin amfani da Rinsulin NPH game da tasirin sakamako, yawan abubuwan amfani da hanyoyin yin amfani da su bai bambanta da bayanin insulin ɗan adam ba.
Farashin dakatarwar daga 417 zuwa 477 rubles. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai taimaka muku koyon yadda ake sarrafa insulin.
