Girman sukari na sassan 5.4 ya zama alama ce ta al'ada ta glucose a cikin jikin mutum, kuma yana nuna cikakken aiki na pancreas, matsar glucose na al'ada a matakin salula.
Tsarin sukari a cikin jiki baya dogaro da jinsi na mutum, saboda haka ana ɗaukar shi daidai da darajar ga maza da mata. Tare da wannan, akwai ɗan bambanci na alamu dangane da shekarun mutum.
Lokacin da shekaru 12-60 ke ciki, dabi'un al'ada na abubuwan sukari ya kai daga raka'a 3.3 zuwa 5.5 (galibi sukari yana tsayawa a 4.4-4.8 mmol / l). Lokacin yana da shekaru 60-90, babba na sukari ya tashi zuwa raka'a 6.4.
Don haka, bari muyi la’akari da wane bincike akeyi domin tantance yawan sukari a cikin jinin mutum? Ta yaya ciwon sukari mellitus ke haɓaka (kowane nau'in daban), kuma waɗanne rikice-rikice na iya zama?
Karatun karatu
Gwajin sukari yana ba ka damar gano ainihin yadda glucose yake a cikin jikin mutum wanda ke zagayawa cikin jini. Ainihin gwaji na sukari yana faruwa a cikin komai a ciki, kuma ana ɗaukar ruwan ƙwayar cuta daga yatsa ko daga jijiya.
Idan an gudanar da samammen jini daga yatsa, to dabi'un al'ada sun haɗu daga raka'a 3.3 zuwa 5.5, kuma an yarda da wannan ka'ida ga maza da mata, wato, ba ya dogara da jinsi na mutum ba.
Lokacin da aka bincika jini mai narkewa, to, alamun suna ƙaruwa da 12%, kuma ƙa'idar iyakar iyaka na sukari yana bayyana a cikin ƙimar darajar 6 raka'a.
Idan nazarin sukari ya nuna sakamakon raka'a 6.0 zuwa 6.9, to waɗannan sune alamomin kan iyaka waɗanda ke nuna ci gaban jihar masu ciwon sukari. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a wannan yanayin, ana ba da wasu shawarwari game da abinci mai gina jiki da aikin jiki don hana karuwar sukari a nan gaba.
Idan gwajin sukari ya nuna fiye da raka'a 7.0, to wannan sakamakon yana nuna alamun ci gaba da ciwon sukari. Dangane da gwajin jini daya, ba daidai bane a yi bincike, saboda haka ana bada shawarar karin matakan bincike:
- Gwajin gwajin haƙuri.
- Glycated haemoglobin.
Gwajin yawan sukari yana ba ku damar bin diddigin sukari kafin abinci da kuma bayan abinci, haka kuma gano yadda farashin glucose din mutum ya daidaita matsayin da ake buƙata.
Lokacin da sa'o'i biyu bayan cin abinci, sakamakon ya fi 11.1 mmol / l, to sai an kamu da cutar sankara. Sauyawa a cikin gullu daga 7,8 zuwa 11.1 raka'a suna nuna yanayin cutar maleriya, kuma mai nuna ƙasa da 7.8 yana nuna glycemia na al'ada.
Glycosylated haemoglobin: jigon bincike, hukunci
Glycosylated haemoglobin ya bayyana da zama wani ɓangare na haemoglobin da ke haɗuwa da sukari a cikin jinin mutum, kuma ana auna wannan darajar a cikin kashi. Mafi girman sukari a cikin jini, mafi girma haemoglobin za a glycosylated.
Wannan binciken ya bayyana a matsayin gwaji mai mahimmanci a yayin da aka sami shakku game da cutar sankarar bargo ko kuma ciwon suga. Binciken daidai ya nuna yawan sukari a cikin jini a cikin kwanakin 90 da suka gabata.
Idan daidaitaccen ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar halitta tana buƙatar wasu ka'idoji, yadda ba za a ci 10 hours kafin binciken ba, ƙin shan magunguna da sauran abubuwa, to, bincike game da cutar haemoglobin bashi da irin waɗannan yanayin.
Fa'idodin karatun sune kamar haka:
- Kuna iya gwadawa a kowane lokaci, ba lallai ba ne akan komai a ciki.
- Idan aka kwatanta da gwajin sukari na al'ada na jini, haemoglobin na glycosylated ya fi daidai kuma yana bada damar gano cutar a farkon matakan.
- Nazarin yana da sauri sosai idan aka kwatanta shi da gwajin raunin glucose, wanda yakan ɗauki awanni da yawa.
- Binciken yana ba ka damar kafa matsayin diyya don cutar "mai daɗi", wanda hakan ya ba da damar daidaita tsarin magani.
- Manuniyar gwajin ba ta shafawa ta hanyar abinci, sanyi da cututtuka na numfashi, ƙwaƙwalwar motsin rai, yanayin jiki.
Don haka, me yasa muke buƙatar gwaji don maganin gemocosylated? Da farko, wannan binciken ya fi gano cutar sankarau ko ciwon suga a farkon matakai. Abu na biyu, wannan binciken yana ba da bayani game da yadda mai haƙuri yake sarrafa cutar tasa.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, sakamakon ƙididdigar ana bayar da su cikin ƙididdiga, kuma ƙaddarar kamar haka:
- Kasa da kashi 5.7. Gwajin ya nuna cewa tsarin metabolism yana cikin tsari, hadarin bunkasa cutar ya ragu zuwa sifili.
- Sakamakon 5.7 zuwa 6% ya nuna yana da wuri don magana game da ciwon sukari, amma yiwuwar ci gabanta yana ƙaruwa. Kuma a irin waɗannan farashin, lokaci ya yi da za a sake bitar abincin ku.
- Tare da sakamakon 6.1-6.4%, zamu iya magana game da haɗarin haɗarin cutar haɓaka, sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar abinci mai dacewa da ingantaccen aikin jiki nan da nan.
- Idan binciken ya kasance 6.5% ko sakamakon ya fi wannan darajar, to ana gano cutar sikari.
Duk da fa'idodi da yawa na wannan binciken, yana da wasu rashin amfani. Ba a gudanar da wannan gwajin a cikin dukkanin cibiyoyin likitancin ba, kuma, ga wasu marasa lafiya, farashin binciken yana iya zama alama mai girma.
Kullum magana, sukari jini a kan komai a ciki kada ya wuce raka'a 5.5, bayan yawan sukari kada ya wuce 7.8 mmol / l, kuma haemoglobin glycated kada ya wuce kashi 5.7%.
Irin wannan sakamakon yana nuna aikin al'ada na farji.
Type 1 ciwon sukari, ta yaya yake ci gaba?
An san cewa a cikin mafi yawan lokuta, ana gano nau'ikan farko da na biyu na ciwon sukari, yawancin lokuta ba su da takamaiman nau'ikan - cututtukan Lada da Modi.
A cikin nau'in cutar ta farko, haɓakar haɗuwa da glucose yana dogara ne akan ƙarancin insulin a jikin mutum. Irin wannan cutar ta farko ta zama cuta ce ta mutum, wanda a dalilin hakan ne aka lalata sel da ke jikin hanjin da ke samar da insulin na hormone.
A yanzu, babu ainihin dalilan da ke haifar da haɓaka nau'in cutar ta farko. An yi imani da cewa gado ne mai haifar da tashin hankali.
A yawancin halaye na abin da ya faru na Pathology, akwai haɗin kai tare da cututtuka na yanayin hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo wanda ke haifar da ayyukan autoimmune a cikin jikin mutum. Mafi muni, rashin lafiyar wata cuta ce ta tsararraki, wanda, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wasu dalilai marasa kyau, ke haifar da haɓaka ciwon sukari na 1.
An gano nau'ikan ciwon sukari na farko a cikin yara ƙanana, matasa, da ƙasa da yawa bayan shekara 40. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, hoton asibiti mai muni, ilimin haɓaka na ci gaba cikin sauri.
Tushen aikin likita shine gabatarwar insulin, wanda dole ne a aiwatar dashi kowace rana tsawon rayuwarsa. Abin takaici, cutar ba ta warkarwa, don haka babban burin magani shine rama cutar.
Nau'in nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari kusan kashi 5% na duk cututtukan da ke fama da ciwon sukari, kuma ana kamanta shi da saurin ci gaba, mai yuwuwar samun rikice-rikice, gami da waɗanda ba za a iya sauya su ba.
Nau'in ciwon siga na 2 da tsarin abin da ya faru
Hanyar haɓaka nau'in cuta ta biyu ta samo asali ne daga ƙarancin sel zuwa insulin na hormone. Isasshen adadin insulin na iya kewaya a jikin mutum, amma ba ya daurewa da sukari a matakin salula, sakamakon wanda sukarin jini ya fara tashi sama da iyakokin da aka yarda.
Irin wannan cutar tana nufin cututtukan da ke haifar da gado na asali, aiwatarwa wanda ya faru ne sakamakon mummunan tasirin maki da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da kiba, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, yawan damuwa, shan giya, da shan sigari.
A cikin mafi yawan hotuna na asibiti, ana gano nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin mutane sama da 40 shekaru, kuma tare da shekaru, da alama cutar ta haɓaka.
Siffofin ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2:
- Pathology yana tafiya a hankali sannu a hankali, tunda tsawon lokaci ana iya rama cutar ta karuwa a matakin hormone a cikin jikin mutum.
- A cikin lokaci mai tsawo, ana lura da raguwar hankalin sel zuwa kwayar, ana gano raguwar ikon ramuwa na jikin mutum.
Babban alamun alamun cutar sikari shine karuwa a cikin takamaiman nauyin fitsari a kowace rana, jin daɗin jin ƙishirwa, ƙara yawan ci. Bayan waɗannan alamomin halaye guda uku, hoton na asibiti na iya bayyana kansa tare da nau'ikan alamu waɗanda ba su da alamu:
- Damuwar bacci, yawan bacci galibi yakan faru (musamman bayan cin abinci).
- Yawan gajiya, rage aiki.
- Ciwon kai, amai, rashin damuwa.
- Fata da itchy fata, mucous membranes.
- Hyperemia na fata, kuma wannan alamar tana bayyana kanta sosai akan fatar fuska.
- Jin zafi a cikin gabar jiki.
- Hare-hare na tashin zuciya, amai.
- Akai-akai mai saurin kamuwa da sanyi.
Hadarin dake tattare da sukari mai girma yana kasancewa ne a cikin gaskiyar cewa tasirin glucose mai tsayi a cikin jiki yana haifar da ci gaban rikice-rikice wanda ke taimakawa aikin da ke lalacewar gabobin ciki da tsarin.
Kwarewa ya nuna cewa lalata cutar sukari cuta ce mai hatsari wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa, nakasa, da mutuwa.
Babban sukari da rikitarwa
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, sukarin jini na raka'a 5.4 alama ce ta al'ada, tana nuna cikakken aikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Idan ana lura da karkatacciyar hanya zuwa sama, to, akwai yiwuwar ci gaba da rikicewar rikice-rikice yana ƙaruwa.
Don haka, babban rikice-rikice ya tashi a waɗancan maganganun lokacin da aka lura da yanayin hyperglycemic, yana nuna halayen glucose mai mahimmanci. Bi da bi, tsawon high sukari tsokani da ci gaban na kullum rikitarwa.
Wani rikicewar rikice-rikice na iya bayyana kanta a cikin ci gaba na ƙwayar cuta, sakamakon abin da ya haifar da cutar ta CNS wacce ke tattare da rikicewar damuwa, har zuwa asarar hankali, faduwar sassauci.
Aikin likita ya nuna cewa rikice-rikice mafi yawanci sukan haɗu da tushen farkon nau'in cutar sukari. Koyaya, rashin daidaituwa ya haifar da wasu dalilai:
- Matsanancin mataki na kamuwa da cuta.
- Tashin hankali, matsananciyar damuwa, rauni.
- Wucewar cututtukan kwantar da hankali.
- Ba daidai ba magani.
- Shan wasu magunguna.
Ya kamata a sani cewa duk coma a cikin mafi yawan lokuta ci gaba a hankali, amma na iya haɓakawa a cikin 'yan sa'o'i, kwanaki. Kuma ana kwatanta su da yawan mace-mace.
A ƙarshe, ya kamata a faɗi cewa tsarin sukari ya bambanta tsakanin raka'a 3.3-5.5, kuma alamar 5.4 mmol / l shine ka'ida. Idan glucose ya hau, matakan suna da mahimmanci don rage shi, bi da bi, don hana yiwuwar rikitarwa.
Expertwararren masani daga bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin zai gaya maka game da mafi kyawun matakin glycemia.
