Cholesterol wani yanki ne na sinadarai, barasa mai kitse wanda yake da daidaito mai daure mai taushi. Wannan abu, wanda ya ƙunshi lipids da steroids, ana samun shi a cikin tsarin juyayi, fata, tsoka, hanta, hanjin zuciya da zuciya.
Jiki yana samarwa ta hanyar dabi'a kuma yana aiki ne azaman kayan gini don isrogen da testosterone, da membranes cell. Babban adadin cholesterol yana aiki daga hanta, sauran kuma sun shiga cikin abinci - kifi, nama da kayayyakin kiwo.
Wannan kashi ana daukar shi mai mahimmanci, amma tare da wuce kima a cikin jini, toshewar hanji yana faruwa, wanda ke haifar da atherosclerosis. Wannan bi da bi yana haifar da bugun zuciya da bugun jini.
Abin da zai iya haɓaka cholesterol
Yawancin cholesterol ana lura dashi galibi a cikin mutane masu shekaru, hadarin tara wani abu a cikin jini yana karuwa bayan shekaru 55. Hakanan, ana gano cin zarafi sau da yawa a lokacin ƙuruciya, idan yarinyar ba ta rashin abinci mai kyau tun daga ƙuruciya.
A cikin mata, kafin menopause, yawanci, yawan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, gwajin jini sau da yawa yana nuna babban taro na abin da ake kira HDL cholesterol. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ayyukan kwayoyin halittar mace. A lokacin haila, yawan isrogen yana raguwa sosai.
Gabaɗaya, ƙwayar cholesterol tana da amfani saboda yana haɓaka samar da kwayoyin halittu daban-daban, bile acid, bitamin D. Ta hanyar tsarin wurare dabam dabam, ana ɗaukar abubuwa masu amfani ko'ina cikin jiki kuma suna bayyana a duk gabobin ciki.
- Tushen cholesterol sune kwai, kayan kiwo, naman dabbobi da kaji.
- Ana ƙaruwa da haɓakar abun da ke cikin kwai a cikin ƙoshin yolks, offal nama, jatan lande, crayfish, caviar kifi.
- Kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, hatsi, hatsi, ƙwaya da ƙwayarsu ba su da sinadarin cholesterol, don haka waɗannan samfuran suna da mahimmanci don haɗawa cikin abinci don rikicewar rayuwa.
Masu nuna alamar cutarwa na LDL a cikin jini na iya ƙaruwa idan kun ci ba daidai ba, cinye madara mai yawa, nama, abinci mai ƙima, jagoranci yanayin rayuwa mai tsayi. Ciki har da sanadin hakan na iya zama yanayin gado.
Masu shan sigari suna da ƙarancin ƙwayar cholesterol.
Hakanan, ana gano abubuwan da suka faru tare da yawan wuce haddi, kasancewar ciwon sukari mellitus, damuwa na kwakwalwa ko damuwa.
Cutar da mummuna da kyau cholesterol
Don auna matakin nau'ikan cholesterol guda biyu, ana yin gwaji na jini gaba ɗaya da gwaje-gwajen jini. Don kimanta sakamakon binciken yadda yakamata, kuna buƙatar sanin menene HDL da LDL cholesterol.
A farkon lamari, ana nufin kyakkyawan cholesterol, ya ƙunshi babban lipoproteins mai yawa ko alpha lipoproteins. Babban kudaden wannan abun yana kare cutar zuciya. Idan maida hankali kan HDL yana ƙasa da 40 mg / dl, haɗarin ciwon zuciya da bugun jini yana ƙaruwa sosai.
LDL cholesterol, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan low lipoprotein LDL ko beta-lipoproteins, ana ɗauka mara kyau. A cikin manyan kudade, irin wannan abu yana da haɗari saboda yana daidaitawa akan bangon ciki na arteries, wanda ke haifar da samuwar manyan filayen atherosclerotic. Sakamakon ambaliyar jini, kunkuntar jijiyoyin jini, zama mara sauƙin sauyawa, kuma a sakamakon haka, atherosclerosis yana haɓaka.
Wadannan abubuwa sun bambanta cikin girman jiki da kuma kayan abinci:
- Tare da haɓakar triglycerides, HDL yawanci low ne kuma LDL high. Ana lura da wannan yanayin tare da wuce kima, yawan motsa jiki, shan sigari, cin mutuncin giya, yawan wuce gona da iri, yawan haɗuwa da abinci mai narkewa a cikin abinci. Tare da triglycerides na 150 ko fiye, ciwo na rayuwa sau da yawa yana tasowa, wanda ke haifar da ciwon sukari mellitus da cututtukan zuciya.
- Lipoproteins nau'in halittar jini ne na ƙananan ƙarancin lipoproteins. A babban matakin, ana lura da kitse mai yawa a cikin jijiyoyin jini, wanda ya zama abin ƙarfafawa ga ci gaban cututtukan zuciya.
Gwajin Cholesterol
Don samun kyakkyawan sakamako, kuna buƙatar shirya kafin ziyartar dakin gwaje-gwaje. Don yin wannan, kafin kayyade matakin ƙwayar cholesterol, ya kamata ka ƙi abinci don awa 12. Ruwa ne kawai ya halatta a sha, soda da kofi ya kamata a cire su daga abincin. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a dakatar da shan magunguna na ɗan lokaci wanda zai gurbata sakamakon bincike.
Suna bincika jini don ƙwayar cholesterol a kai a kai don gano abin da ya faru a cikin lokaci da hana ci gaban rikitarwa. Ana yin bincike na hanawa a kowace shekara biyar ga maza masu shekaru 20 zuwa 35 da kuma mata masu shekaru 20-45.
Ana yin irin wannan gwajin ne a gaban masu ciwon suga, hawan jini, ciwon zuciya da sauran cututtukan da ke haifar da atherosclerosis. Ana gwada yaro idan ɗayan iyayen suna da ƙwayar cholesterol. Bugu da ari, likita na iya yin gwajin gwajin jini don duba tasirin magani.
Ana gudanar da bincike game da haƙuri tare da manufar:
- Kimanta hadarin ƙirƙirar canje-canje atherosclerotic a cikin arteries;
- Gane aikin hanta da kuma yanayin gaba daya na jikin mutum;
- Gano wani take hakkin metabolism;
- Gano idan HDL kwayar cholesterol tayi ƙasa ko al'ada.
Dangane da tebur, jimlar cholesterol na iya kasancewa daga 3.0 zuwa 6.0 mmol / L. A cikin mata, dabi'ar LDL shine 1.92-4.51 mmol / lita, HDL shine 0.86-2.2 mmol / lita. A cikin maza, alamomin kyakkyawan cholesterol sun isa 0.7-1.73 mmol / lita, mara kyau - 2.25-4.82 mmol / lita.
Matsayi na al'ada na triglycerides ana ɗauka ya zama ƙasa da 200 mg / dl, babba - daga 400 mg / dl ko fiye.
Dangane da bayanan da aka samu, an ƙaddara haɗarin haɓakar cututtukan zuciya kuma an wajabta magani da ya dace tare da abinci da magani.
Me yasa cholesterol ya hau
Jimlar cholesterol za a iya ƙaruwa saboda biliary cirrhosis, familial hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, cututtukan cututtukan da ba a sarrafa su ba, aikin hanta mai lalacewa, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, kasancewar ƙwayar cuta mai lalata ta prostate da pancreas, shan barasa, rashin ƙarfi na hormone.
Hakanan, dalilin na iya zama cin zarafin abinci mai kitse, cututtukan zuciya, ciki, thalassaemiya, cirewar kwai, muguwar kumburi, hanji mai tsafi.
A kowane rashin lafiya, yawan ƙwayar cholesterol yakan tashi ko, kuma, yana magana, yana raguwa. Saboda haka, idan mutum ba shi da lafiya, ana maimaita gwajin jini bayan watanni biyu zuwa uku.
Za'a iya lura da matakan rage kiba da:
- Hyperthyroidism;
- Cutar hanta;
- Malabsorption;
- Cutar tamowa;
- Pernful anemia a cikin ciwon sukari;
- Sepsis;
- Cutar Tangier;
- Hypoproteinemia;
- Cirrhosis na hanta;
- Muguwar cutar hanta;
- Sideroblastic da megaloblastic anemia;
- Ciwon mara na rashin lafiya na kullum;
- Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Lokacin da ake bayyanar da babban bayanai, yana da mahimmanci don rage matakan mummunan cholesterol a cikin lokaci don hana ci gaban atherosclerosis da sauran mummunan sakamako. Wannan zai dakatar da kirkirar sababbin filayen atherosclerotic a cikin tasoshin jini, da rage yawan adadi na cholesterol, da fadada ginin tsokoki, da kuma kawar da makullin da ke toshe hanyar zub da jini ta cikin tasoshin.
Wannan bi da bi na rage hadarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya, bugun jini, da kuma na jijiyoyin kai. Hakanan an tsabtace jijiyoyin jiki, carotid, cerebral da firincirin, wanda ke da alhakin aikin mahimman gabobin ciki da sassan jikin mutum.
Don daidaita yanayin, kuna buƙatar sake tsarin abincin ku, ƙi abinci mai ƙima. Ana ba da izinin rana don cinyewa ta samfuran da ba su wuce 200-300 g na cholesterol ba. Dole ne menu ya hada da fiber. Dole ne mai haƙuri dole ne ya kula da nauyin al'ada, motsa jiki akai-akai, kula da kyakkyawan salon rayuwa.
Idan mai haƙuri ya zama mafi muni, likita ya tsara statins. Irin waɗannan magunguna suna rage mummunan cholesterol, suna hana bugun zuciya da bugun jini, da haɓaka ingancin rayuwa. Shahararrun kwayoyi masu tasiri sune rosuvastatin, fluvastatin sodium, lovastatin, simvastatin, alli atorvastatin, pravastatin sodium, rosucard.
Bugu da kari, ana ba da shawarar mai haƙuri don amfani da siffofin asalin halitta, wanda ya haɗa da bitamin C, B3, tafarnuwa, curcumin, man kifi, flaxseeds, polycanazole, basil, artichoke, ja da shinkafa, soya, berries, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Game da cholesterol an bayyana shi a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
