Cholesterol abu ne mai mahimmanci kuma wajibi ne a cikin mutane da dabbobi. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, barasa ne na lipophilic, sabili da haka ya fi dacewa a kira shi cholesterol.
Yawancin shi ana samarwa a cikin jiki, kuma ƙaramin adadin yana zuwa da abinci. Kimanin rabi na adadin cholesterol an kafa shi a cikin hanta, game da sashi na shida - a cikin karamin hanji tare da sel na musamman - enterocytes.
Ana ƙirƙirar ƙananan adadin a cikin cortical abu na glandar adrenal, a fata da a cikin maza da mata na gland na maza.
Menene amfani da tasirin cholesterol?
Saboda wasu dalilai, mutane da yawa kawai sun sami labarin mummunan gefen ƙwayar cholesterol.
Kowa ya san cewa lokacin da ya yi girma a cikin plasma, wata cuta da ake kira atherosclerosis ta haɗu.
Haka ne, wannan gaskiya ne, amma cholesterol yana da kaddarorin da yawa masu amfani.
Waɗannan kaddarorin masu amfani da ƙwayoyin cholesterol sune:
- Cholesterol abu ne mai hade da membranes cell;
- Yana ƙayyade abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙwayoyin halitta na tantanin halitta;
- Cholesterol shine abu na farko, wanda ba tare da wanda samuwar bile acid ba shi yiwuwa;
- Tare da sa hannu kai tsaye na ƙwayar cholesterol, ana aiwatar da aikin kwayar jijiyoyin maza da mata (androgens da estrogens, bi da bi), wanda ke shafar aikin mutum kai tsaye.
Cholesterol yayi nisa babu amfani, kuma jiki baya iya yin shi ba tare da shi ba. Amma wannan fili yana da bambanci sosai, saboda yana cikin yanayin da yake da wuya sosai. Ainihin, ƙwayar cholesterol tana yaduwa a cikin hanyar da ke hade da lipoproteins.
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan lipoproteins - ƙarancin ƙasa, ƙasa, matsakaici da yawa. Mafi haɗari ga jikin ɗan adam sune lipoproteins na ƙarancin girma da ƙima. Kwayar cholesterol da ake danganta su da ita ana kiranta “mara kyau”, kuma karuwa a cikin ta ta haifar da tsoratar da adana sinadaran atherosclerotic a cikin jiragen. A cikin cikakkiyar bambanci, ana ɗaukar ƙwayar lipoproteins mai yawa yana da amfani sosai, kuma sau da yawa babban aikin jiyya yana da niyyar ƙara matakin cholesterol da ke haɗuwa da su.
Idan adadin ƙwayar lipoprotein mai ƙananan ƙarfi ya tashi, adana atherosclerotic yana farawa a hankali a bangon tasoshin. A tsawon lokaci, suna ƙaruwa kuma suna ƙara haɓaka kwararar jini na al'ada.
Theuntatawa na gudanawar jini na yau da kullun na iya bayyana kansa tare da alamu iri-iri: na lokaci mai tsawo na angina pectoris (matsanancin zafi a bayan mafitsara), cututtukan zuciya na jijiyoyin jiki, "bayyananniyar yanayin magana", kwakwalwa mai rauni da kuma ayyukan hanji.
Mene ne barkewar cholesterol?
Rushewar cholesterol shine amsawar wani tasirin cholesterol tare da mai mai. Ana aiwatar da shi don kada cholesterol ya bayyana a kan iyakar tsakanin lipid da ruwa. Za'a iya aiwatar da halayen a cikin tantanin halitta a ciki da waje, kuma ana nufin canja wurin cholesterol ko kuma juya shi zuwa wani tsari mai aiki.
Yayin wannan canji, lecithin ya haɗu tare da cholesterol, wanda ke haifar da samuwar lysolecin da cholesterol. Enzyme da ake kira LHAT (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase) suna ɗaukar nauyin tsarin duka.
Ayyukan wannan enzyme kai tsaye ya dogara da abun da ke tattare da yawan ƙwayoyin lipoproteins mai yawa. Yana kunna ƙwayar lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase furotin jigilar mai, ko apo-protein A1.
Sakamakon esterification, sakamakon ester ya shiga cikin lipoprotein mai girma. Saboda wannan, adadin cholesterol din da yake a waje da tsarin samarda abinci na lipoprotein ya ragu, kuma yanayinsa a shirye yake ga sauran gutsuttsuran cholesterol din.
Ta hanyar esterification dauki, "kyawawan" lipoproteins suna taimakawa membranes na sel kyauta daga cholesterol, shine dalilin da yasa suke da fa'ida sosai.
Daga ra'ayi game da nazarin halittu, fat mai kamar linoleic, palmitic da stearic galibi suna cikin halayen.
Matsaloli da ka iya haddasa tasirin cholesterol
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, yawancin matakan cholesterol suna haɓaka ba iyaka.
Akwai dalilai da yawa game da wannan.
Mafi na kowa daga cikin su ne:
- gado (kwayoyin) tsinkaye zuwa ƙwayar cholesterol;
- salon tsinkaye;
- kiba, musamman kiba;
- rashin kiyaye tsarin abincin - ƙaunar wuce gona da iri ta abinci mai sauri, mai mai yawa, soyayyen, kyafaffen abinci mai gishiri;
- kasancewar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata da ake kira mellitus na sukari, wanda abin da ya faru na cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki babu makawa;
- mafi yawan kwalasta yakan tashi a cikin maza fiye da mata;
- mafi kusantar kasancewar cutar sankara a shekaru 40;
- yawan shan taba sigari;
- shan giya;
- yawan damuwa da damuwa na rai;
- ƙi ƙiren aiki na yau da kullun;
- cututtuka na hanta da glandar thyroid.
Idan hakan ta faru da cewa ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cholesterol har yanzu suna ajiye a cikin jiragen, ya kamata a fara magani nan da nan. Mataki na farko shine ɗaukar magungunan anticholesterolemic.
Zai iya zama kwayoyi daga rukuni na statins, fibrates, sequion musayar anion ko kwayoyi tare da babban abun ciki na nicotinic acid. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a bi cin abinci.
Yana da mahimmanci don ware mai kitse, soyayyen da kyafaffen abinci, abincin da yake da ƙima sosai a cikin garken dabbobi. Madadin haka, ana bada shawara a ci ƙarin kayan kiwo, kifi, nama mai ɗumi, zuma, ƙoshin flax, kayan abinci, karas, kabeji ja, sabo kayan lambu da fruitsa .an itaciya.
Na gaba, ya kamata ku fara motsa jiki akai-akai kuma kuyi ƙoƙarin rasa nauyi, idan akwai. Kuma ba shakka, ya wajaba don iyakance kowane nau'in tashin hankali, bi shawarar da likitocin da ke halartar ku kula da lafiyar ku.
An bayar da ingantaccen bayanin cholesterol a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
