Akwai ra'ayi cewa cholesterol abu ne mai cutarwa da haɗari, amma a zahiri wannan ba gaskiya bane. Cholesterol abu ne wanda ba makawa, yana ɗayan kowane sel a cikin jiki.Idan ana ɗaukar abu mai kama da kitse ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini.
Ayyukan cholesterol shine keɓewa da ƙarewar jijiyoyi, samar da bitamin D daga hasken rana, taimakawa a cikin shan ƙwayoyin bitamin, aikin mafitsara. Idan ba tare da ita ba, ba zai yiwu ba asasin yanayin hormonal ba zai yuwu ba.
Cholesterol kashi 80% ne ta hanyar da kansa yake samarwa (endogenous), ragowar 20% na mutum yana karɓa tare da abinci (kayan abinci). Lipoprotein na iya zama mai ƙasa (LDL) da kuma girma (HDL) Kyakkyawan ƙwayoyin cholesterol abubuwa ne na ginin sel, an mayar da adadin sa zuwa hanta, inda ake sarrafa shi kuma aka fitar dashi daga jiki.
Kwalagin ƙwayar mara ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa tare da haɓaka mai yawa ana sanya shi a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini, samar da maguna, da kuma haifar da toshewa. Yana da matukar mahimmanci a kiyaye mai nuna wannan kayan a cikin kewayon al'ada. Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa yana haifar da rashin aiki na glandar thyroid, ciwon sukari.
Ta yaya cholesterol ya bayyana
Samuwar cholesterol kai tsaye ya dogara da isasshen aiki na jiki, koda tare da ƙananan ɓarkewar yanayi, yanayi daban-daban na cututtukan cuta da cututtuka.
Yaya ake samarda cholesterol a jikin mutum? Hankalin hanta yana da alhakin samar da wani abu mai kama da kitse, wannan garkuwar shine mafi mahimmanci don asarar ƙwayoyin tsoka mai yawa.
Portionan karamin cholesterol ana samara da ƙwayoyin sel da ƙananan hanji. Yayin rana, jiki yakan saki kusan gram ɗaya na kayan.
Idan cholesterol bai isa ba, toshewar kwayar halittar da yake tattare dashi, toshewar hanta daga hanta ta dawo cikin tsarin jini.
Rarraba:
- kawai a rage ruwa mai narkewa cikin taya;
- insoluble sediment tara a kan jijiyoyin bugun gini;
- atherosclerotic plaques form.
A tsawon lokaci, neoplasms suna tsokane ci gaban cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini.
Don samuwar ƙwayar cholesterol mai yawa, yawancin maganganu dole ne su faru. Tsarin yana farawa da ɓoye na mevalonate abu na musamman, daga abin da mevalonic acid daga baya ya fito, wanda yake ba makawa a cikin metabolism.
Da zaran an fito da isasshen adadin, an lura da ƙirƙirar isoprenoid. Ya kasance a cikin mafi yawan abubuwan haɗin ƙwayoyin halitta. Sannan abubuwa suna hade, an kafa squalene. Bayan an canza shi zuwa lanosterol abu, wanda yake shiga cikin cakudaddun halayen sunadarai kuma ya samar da cholesterol.
Da kansa, cholesterol baya shiga cikin matakan metabolism, tunda ba shi da ikon narkewa cikin jini. Isar da lipoprotein zuwa tantanin da ake so yana yiwuwa ne kawai bayan abin da aka makala da kwayoyin sunadarai.
Babban nau'ikan da ayyuka na cholesterol
Tsarin samarda jini bai cika da cholesterol ba, amma tare da cakuda shi tare da lipoproteins. Akwai nau'ikan cholesterol guda uku a cikin jiki: babba, ƙarancin girma da ƙima sosai. Lestarancin ƙwayoyin cholesterol da triglycerides na iya rufe bakin jini da tsokani samuwar ƙwayoyin cholesterol. Suna ɓoye laka a cikin nau'ikan lu'ulu'u, suna tarawa suna tsoma baki tare da zubar jini na yau da kullun; kawar da neoplasms ba mai sauƙi bane.
A cikin mutumin da ke da babban ƙwayar cholesterol, haɗarin cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki yana ƙaruwa, adibas mai yawa yana haifar da taƙaitaccen lumen na jijiyoyin jiki. Sakamakon haka, zubar jini na al'ada yana da damuwa, mahimman gabobin ciki suna fama da rashin jini. A wasu lokuta, da yiwuwar ƙwanƙwasa jini yana ƙaruwa, irin wannan tsari da rushewar su suna haifar da lalata hanyoyin jijiyoyin jini.
Daga cikin ayyukan cholesterol, samar da samar da kwayoyin halittar jima'i, alal misali, testosterone, yakamata a nuna. Hakanan tushe ne don samar da bitamin D, yana kare sel daga cutarwa masu cutarwa masu 'yanci masu' yanci. Wani abu yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin metabolism; rashi kuma yana haifar da rushewar hanyoyin da ke gudana a cikin kwakwalwa.
Amfanin na zuwa ne daga kyakkyawan cholesterol, yayin da sharri ke haifar da cutarwar jikin mutum. Tare da haɓaka cikin taro na abu mai kama da ƙiba, rikitarwa masu haɗari da cututtuka suna haɓaka.
Jerin dalilai na haɓakar cholesterol sun haɗa da:
- wuce gona da iri;
- mahimmancin abinci mai ƙima a cikin abincin;
- mummunan halaye;
- shan wasu magunguna;
- kwayoyin halittar jini.
Malfunctions a cikin tsarin rayuwa na rayuwa na iya faruwa saboda shan sigari da yawan shan giya. Hakanan an kirkiro tushen matsalar har zuwa asalin wasu cututtuka, ciki har da gazawar koda, hauhawar jini, neoplasms, cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.
Mafi sau da yawa, ana gano haɓakar cholesterol a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari mellitus. Irin waɗannan mutane suna da ƙarancin enzymes na cututtukan fata, don haka yana da mahimmanci a gare su su kusanci zaɓin abinci.
Mata da maza na iya fuskantar cin zarafi daidai. Dole ne likitoci su sanya ido sosai kan ayyukan samar da abubuwa. Wajibi ne a ci jarrabawar a kai a kai, musamman:
- bayan shekara 30;
- a gaban fargaba ga cutar;
- tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.
Tunda lokacin sufuri, ana amfani da sinadarin cholesterol kuma ya zama kwayoyin da ba za su iya canzawa ba wanda ya ratsa ganuwar arteries, likitoci sun bada shawarar cewa masu ciwon sukari suyi amfani da abinci mai cike da maganin antioxidants. Mafi shaharar maganin antioxidant shine ascorbic acid, wanda aka samo a cikin kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Bitamin E, A ya zama mai karfi anti-hada shaye shaye.
Choarancin cholesterol alama ce ta cututtukan haɗari: cirrhosis a ƙarshen ƙarshen, matsanancin ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayar cuta, gazawar huhu, cututtukan kasusuwa.
Rage sauri a cikin cholesterol shine sifofin sepsis, kamuwa da cuta, ƙonewa mai yawa.
Rage kayan zai iya zama tabbacin kurakurai masu ƙoshin abinci lokacin da mai ciwon sukari yana son azumi, tsayayyen abinci, da kuma cin ɗan acid mai-ƙarfi.
Hanyar ganewar asali
Babban cholesterol ba ya ba da takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka, don haka hanya daya tilo da ke taimakawa wajen tantance sigogin abu shine jinin halittar jini. Ya danganta da sakamakon binciken, matakin kitsen da gungunsu, likita ya ba da shawarar cewa mai haƙuri ya sake tunanin salon rayuwarsa, halayen cin abinci, sanya wasu magunguna.
Dangane da bincike, yanayin tsananin cutar atherosclerosis, da yiwuwar kamuwa da wannan cuta da kuma rikice-rikicen da ke tattare da juna. Mafi girma kwalar kwayoyi, mafi girman hadarin cututtukan zuciya.
An bayar da jini don cholesterol a kan komai a ciki, ranar da dole ne ku bi abincin da kuka saba. Binciken nazarin halittu zai nuna matakin:
- babban lipoproteins mai yawa (mai kyau);
- ƙarancin yawa (mara kyau);
- jimlar cholesterol;
- triglycerides (ragu mai yawa).
Kwana uku kafin bincike ka ware giya, shan sigari, dakatar da shan kayan maye. Likita yana buƙatar gaya wane mara haƙuri ke shan magunguna, bitamin da abubuwan haɗin ma'adinai. Ga likita, mahimman bayanai shine amfani da fibrates, statins, diuretics, maganin rigakafi.
Don fahimtar haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis, kuna buƙatar sanin ƙayyadaddun ƙwayoyin cholesterol, saboda haka, an lura da ƙarancin cutar sankara tare da alamun abubuwan:
- babban yawa - sama da 40 mg / dl;
- ƙarancin yawa - a ƙasa da 130 mg / dl;
- jimlar kasa da 200 mg / dl;
- triglycerides - kasa da 200 mg / dl.
A cewar wasu likitoci, ya fi dacewa idan mai nuna mummunar cholesterol da triglycerides ya fi wanda aka nuna.
Hanyar tana ɗaukar minutesan mintuna kaɗan, ana iya samun sakamakon bayan aan awanni biyu ko gobe. Wani lokaci zaku buƙaci yin samfuran jini na biyu don tabbatarwa ko musun cutar. Yana da kyau a yi haka a cikin cibiyoyin likitancin guda, tunda a cikin ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje daban daban hanyoyin hanyoyin bincike na iya bambanta dan kadan.
An bayyana samuwar da metabolism na cholesterol a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
