Ciwon sukari da insulin. Maganin insulin don kamuwa da cutar siga

Idan kuna so (ko ba ku so, amma rayuwa tana sa ku) fara kula da ciwon sukari da insulin, ya kamata ku koyi abubuwa da yawa game da shi don samun sakamako da ake so. Injections na insulin shine kayan ban mamaki, kayan aiki na musamman don sarrafa nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, amma kawai idan kun kula da wannan magani da girmamawa. Idan kai mai kwazo ne kuma mai haquri, to insulin zai taimakeka ka kula da tsarin jini na yau da kullun, ka guji rikitarwa kuma ka more rayuwa fiye da takwarorinka ba tare da ciwon suga ba

Ga duk marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 1, da kuma ga wasu marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2, allurar insulin ya zama tilas a kula da sukarin jini na yau da kullun kuma a guji rikicewa. Mafi yawan masu ciwon sukari, lokacin da likita ya gaya masu cewa lokaci yayi da za'a bi da insulin, kuyi tsayayya da dukkan karfin su. Likitoci, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba sa nace da yawa, saboda suna da isasshen damuwa. Sakamakon haka, rikicewar cututtukan cututtukan da ke haifar da tawaya da / ko mutuwa ta farko sun zama annoba.

Yadda za a bi da injections na insulin a cikin ciwon sukari

Wajibi ne don kula da injections na insulin a cikin ciwon sukari ba kamar la'ana ba, amma azaman samaniya. Musamman ma bayan da kuka kware dabarun allurar insulin mara jin zafi. Da fari dai, waɗannan injections suna adanawa daga rikitarwa, tsawanta rayuwar mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari da haɓaka ingancinsa. Abu na biyu, injection na insulin yana rage nauyin a kan farji kuma don haka yana haifar da sake dawo da ɓangaren ƙwayoyin beta. Wannan ya shafi marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2, waɗanda suka himmatu wajen aiwatar da tsarin kulawa kuma suke bin tsarin. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a mayar da ƙwayoyin beta na marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1, idan an gano ku kwanan nan kuma nan da nan ku fara farawa da kyau tare da insulin. Karanta ƙari a cikin labaran "Shirin don ingantaccen jiyya na ciwon sukari na 2" da "Gwanin amarci don ciwon sukari na 1: yadda za a tsawanta shi da yawa shekaru".

Za ku ga cewa yawancin shawarwarinmu don sarrafa sukari na jini tare da allurar insulin sun saba da abin da aka yarda gabaɗaya. Labari mai dadi shine cewa bakada bukatar daukar komai ta imani. Idan kuna da madaidaicin mita gulkin jini (tabbatar da wannan), zai hanzarta nuna wannene shawarwarin zasu taimaka wajen magance cutar sukari da kuma waɗanda ba su.

Wadanne nau'ikan insulin suke?

Akwai nau'o'i da yawa na insulin don ciwon sukari a cikin kasuwar magunguna a yau, kuma a kan lokaci za a sami ƙari. An rarraba insulin bisa ga babban ma'aunin - har tsawon lokacin da zai rage sukarin jini bayan allura. Akwai nau'ikan insulin na gaba:

• ultrashort - yi aiki da sauri;
• gajere - mai santsi da sauƙi fiye da gajerun gajere;
• matsakaita tsawon lokacin aiki (“matsakaici”);
• mai dadewa (tsawaita).

A shekara ta 1978, masana kimiyya sun fara amfani da hanyoyin injinin ƙwayoyi don “tilasta” Escherichia coli Escherichia coli don samar da insulin na mutum. A shekara ta 1982, kamfanin kasar Amurka mai suna Genentech ya fara sayar da dumbin jama'a. Kafin wannan, an yi amfani da bovine da naman alade. Sun bambanta da ɗan adam, sabili da haka sau da yawa yakan haifar da rashin lafiyan halayen. Har wa yau, ba a amfani da insulin dabbobi. Ciwon sukari ana shayar dashi sosai ta hanyar inje na inulin da aka yiwa injin ta ɗan adam.

Halayen shirye-shiryen insulin

Tun daga shekarun 2000, sababbin nau'ikan insulin (Lantus da Glargin) suka fara kawar da NPH-insulin na matsakaici (protafan). Sabbin nau'ikan insulin ba wai insulin ɗan adam bane kawai, amma analogues ɗin ne, watau, an inganta shi, an inganta shi, idan aka kwatanta da ainihin insulin ɗan adam. Lantus da Glargin suna daɗewa kuma suna da kyau, kuma ba wuya su haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki.

Tsawon lokaci na aikin insulin analogues - sun dau tsawon lokaci, basu da kololuwa, suna kula da bargawar insulin a cikin jini

Wataƙila maye gurbin NPH-insulin tare da Lantus ko Levemir as your insulin (basal) insulin zai inganta sakamakon kula da ciwon sukari. Tattauna wannan da likitan ku. Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, karanta labarin “endedara insulin Lantus da Glargin. Matsakaici NPH-Insulin Protafan. ”

A ƙarshen 1990s, ana nuna alamun ultrashort na insulin Humalog, NovoRapid da Apidra. Sun yi gasa tare da ɗan gajeren insulin ɗan adam. Analogs na insulin na gajere-gajere mai aiki da hankali yana fara rage sukarin jini a cikin mintuna 5 bayan allura. Suna aiki da ƙarfi, amma ba tsawon lokaci ba, basu wuce 3 hours ba. Bari mu kwatanta bayanan bayanan aikin adaidai na gajere da gajere kuma “insulin” ɗan gajeren insulin a cikin hoton.

Analogs na insulin na ɗan gajeren lokaci-mai ƙarfi yana da ƙarfi da sauri. '' '' '' '' '' '' 'Inshin' '' ɗan '' 'ɗan' 'san' insulin ɗin mutum ɗin yakan fara rage ƙarin sukari na jini daga baya kuma zai daɗe

Karanta labarin “Ultrashort insulin Humalog, NovoRapid da Apidra. Short short insulin. "

Hankali! Idan kun bi abincin low-carbohydrate don nau'in 1 ko ciwon sukari na 2, to, gajeran insulin ɗan adam ya fi dacewa analogues na insulin-gajere mai aiki.

Zai yuwu a ki yarda allurar insulin bayan an fara su?

Yawancin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari suna jin tsoron fara bi da allurar insulin, saboda idan kun fara, to ba za ku iya tsallake insulin ba. Za'a iya amsawa cewa yana da kyau a allura insulin kuma ayi rayuwa ta yau da kullun fiye da jagorantar wanzuwar nakasassu sakamakon rikicewar cutar siga. Kuma ƙari, idan kun fara jinyar ku da injections na insulin cikin lokaci, to tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, damar yana ƙaruwa cewa zai yuwu ku rabu da su tsawon lokaci ba tare da lahani ga lafiyar ba.

Akwai nau'ikan sel daban-daban a cikin farji. Kwayoyin beta sune waɗanda ke samar da insulin. Sukan mutu a matse idan suna aiki tare da ƙarin kaya. Hakanan ana kashe su ta hanyar guba mai guba, i.e., sukari na jini mai hawan jini. Ana zaton cewa a farkon matakan nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari 2, wasu daga cikin ƙwayoyin beta sun riga sun mutu, wasu sun raunana kuma sun kusan mutuwa, kuma kaɗan daga cikinsu suna aiki har yanzu.

Don haka, injections insulin yana sauƙaƙa nauyin daga ƙwayoyin beta. Hakanan zaka iya daidaita sukarin jininka tare da rage-rage irin abincin. A karkashin irin waɗannan yanayi masu dacewa, yawancin ƙwayoyin beta ɗinku za su rayu kuma su ci gaba da samar da insulin. Samun hakan suna da yawa idan ka fara shirin jinyar nau'in cuta mai nau'in 2 ko nau'in shirin kula da ciwon sukari na 1 akan lokaci, a farkon matakai.

A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, bayan fara magani, lokacin “amaryar” ta faru lokacin da ake buƙatar insulin ya ragu zuwa kusan sifili. Karanta menene. Hakanan ya bayyana yadda za'a tsawaita shi tsawon shekaru, ko ma har tsawon rayuwa. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, damar da za a bar allurar insulin shine 90%, idan kun koyi yadda ake motsa jiki tare da nishaɗi, kuma za ku yi shi akai-akai. Da kyau, ba shakka, kuna buƙatar yin tsayayya da tsarin karancin carbohydrate.

Kammalawa Idan akwai hujja, to kuna buƙatar fara kula da ciwon sukari tare da allurar insulin da wuri-wuri, ba tare da bata lokaci ba. Wannan yana ƙara damar cewa bayan ɗan lokaci zai yiwu a ƙi allurar insulin. Yana da alamun rikitarwa, amma haka ne. Jagora dabarar allurar insulin mara jin zafi. Bi wani nau'in shirin ciwon sukari na 2 ko nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari. Yi taka tsantsan kan tsari, kada ku shakata. Ko da ba za ku iya ƙin allura gaba ɗaya, a kowane yanayi, zaku iya sarrafawa da ƙananan allurai na insulin.

Menene maida hankali akan insulin?

Ayyukan kwayoyin halitta da allurai insulin ana auna su a raka'a (UNITS). A cikin ƙananan allurai, raka'a 2 na insulin ya kamata ya rage yawan sukari na jini daidai sau 2 wanda ya fi ƙarfin 1. A kan sirinjin insulin, an tsara sikelin a cikin raka'a. Yawancin sirinji suna da matakan sikelin na 1-2 LATSA don haka kar a bada izinin tattara ƙananan allurai na insulin daga murfin. Wannan babbar matsala ce idan kuna buƙatar allurar 0.5 UNITS na insulin ko ƙasa da haka. Zaɓuɓɓuka don warwarewarta an bayyana su a cikin labarin "Insulin Syringes da Syringe alkalami". Karanta kuma yadda ake tsinke insulin.

Mayar da hankalin insulin shine bayani game da nawa UNITS suke ƙunshe cikin 1 ml na bayani a cikin kwalba ko kicin. Mafi yawan amfani da hankali shine U-100, i.e. 100 IU na insulin a cikin ruwa na Mil ml 1. Hakanan, ana samun insulin a cikin taro na U-40. Idan kuna samun insulin tare da maida hankali na U-100, to, yi amfani da sirinji waɗanda aka tsara don insulin a waccan taro. An rubuta shi a kan kunshin kowane sirinji. Misali, sirinji don insulin U-100 mai karfin 0.3 ml yana riƙe da 30 PIECES na insulin, kuma sirinji mai ƙarfin 1 ml yana riƙe sama da 100 PIECES na insulin. Haka kuma, sirinji 1 ml sune suka fi yawa a cikin magunguna. Zai yi wuya a faɗi wa ke buƙatar kashi na 100 na kwayoyin insulin kai tsaye.

Akwai yanayi idan mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari yana da insulin U-40, kuma sirinji kawai U-100. Don samun madaidaitan adadin UNITS na insulin tare da allura, a wannan yanayin kana buƙatar jan ƙarin 2.5 sau mafi mafita a cikin sirinji. Babu shakka, akwai babban damar damar yin kuskure da kuma yin allurar da ba ta dace ba na insulin. Za a haɗu da yawan sukarin jini ko hawan jini. Sabili da haka, ana barin mafi kyawun irin waɗannan yanayi. Idan kana da insulin U-40, to sai a gwada maka sirinji U-40 domin ita.

Shin nau'ikan insulin daban-daban suna da iko iri ɗaya?

Abubuwan insulin daban-daban sun bambanta a tsakanin su cikin saurin farawa da tsawon lokacin aiki, kuma a cikin iko - kusan babu ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin cewa rukunin insulin na 1 na nau'o'in insulin zai kusan rage ƙwanƙwasa jini a cikin haƙuri tare da masu ciwon sukari. Ban da wannan dokar su ne nau'ikan insulin na insulin. Humalog kusan sau 2.5 yana da ƙarfi fiye da gajerun insulin, yayin da NovoRapid da Apidra sun fi ƙarfi sau 1.5. Saboda haka, allurai na ultrashort analogues yakamata suyi ƙasa da daidai gwargwado na gajeran insulin. Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin bayani ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari, amma saboda wasu dalilai ba a mai da hankali a kai ba.

Dokokin Kayan insulin

Idan ka adana murfin katako ko kabad da insulin a cikin firiji a zazzabi na + 2-8 ° C, to zai riƙe dukkan aikin har zuwa lokacin karewa da aka buga akan kunshin. Abubuwan da ke cikin insulin na iya lalacewa idan aka adana su a zazzabi a cikin kwana fiye da kwanaki 30-60.

Bayan an fitar da kashi na farko na sabon kunshin Lantus, dole ne ayi amfani dashi duk cikin kwanaki 30, saboda a lokacin insulin zai rasa wani muhimmin sashi na aikin sa. Ana iya adana Levemir kusan sau 2 bayan tsawon amfani. Ana iya adana gajere da matsakaitan tsawon lokaci, har da Humalog da NovoRapid a zazzabi a cikin daki har zuwa shekara 1. Abubuwan insid din Apidra (glulisin) shine mafi kyau a cikin firiji.

Idan insulin ya rasa wasu abubuwan da yake yi, wannan zai haifar da rashin jini mai zurfi wanda ba a bayyana shi ba a cikin mai haƙuri. A wannan halin, insulin na iya zama mai haddi, amma zai iya zama m. Idan insulin ya zama ƙaramin girgije, to wannan yana nuna cewa lallai ya lalace, kuma baza ku iya amfani dashi ba. NPH-insulin (protafan) a cikin yanayin al'ada ba gaskiya bane, saboda haka ya fi wahalar magance shi. Duba da kyau ko ya canza kamanninsa. A kowane hali, idan insulin yayi daidai, to wannan baya nufin cewa bai karye ba.

Abinda kuke buƙatar bincika idan sukarin jini ya cika tsawon kwanaki a jere:

• Shin kun keta cin abincin? Shin carbohydrates da ke ɓoye sun shiga cikin abincin ku? Shin kun shayar?
• Wataƙila kuna da kamuwa da cuta a cikin jikin ku wanda har yanzu yana ɓoye? Karanta "Ruwan sukari na jini saboda cututtukan da ke kama da cutar."
• Shin asirin insulin ya lalace? Wannan wataƙila idan kuna amfani da sirinji fiye da sau ɗaya. Ba zaku gane wannan ta hanyar bayyanar insulin ba. Saboda haka, kawai gwada fara yin allurar “sabo”. Karanta game da sake amfani da sirinji na insulin.

Adana kayayyaki na tsawon lokaci na insulin a cikin firiji, a kan shiryayye a ƙofar, zazzabi na + 2-8 ° C. Karka taɓa daskare insulin! Ko bayan ta narke, ya rigaya ya lalace. Za'a iya ajiye vial insulin ko kabad ɗin da kuke amfani da ita a zazzabi a ɗakuna. Wannan ya shafi kowane nau'in insulin, banda Lantus, Levemir da Apidra, waɗanda aka fi dacewa a cikin firiji a koyaushe.

Kada a ajiye insulin a cikin motar da aka kulle, wacce zata iya yin zafi sosai koda a lokacin sanyi, ko a cikin akwatin safarar mota. Kada ka bijirar da shi zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye. Idan zazzabi dakin ya kai + 29 ° C da sama, to saika tura dukkan insulin dinka zuwa firiji. Idan an fallasa insulin zuwa yanayin zafi na + 37 ° C ko mafi girma na kwana 1 ko ya fi tsayi, to lallai ne a zubar dashi. Musamman, idan an yi zafi a cikin motar da aka kulle. Saboda wannan dalili, ba a son a ɗauki kwalba ko alkalami tare da insulin kusa da jiki, alal misali, cikin aljihun rigakafin.

Muna sake faɗakar da ku: yana da kyau kada ku sake amfani da sirinji don kada ku lalata insulin.

Lokacin aikin insulin

Kuna buƙatar sani sarai tsawon lokacin da allura, insulin ya fara aiki, da kuma lokacin da aikinsa ya daina. An buga wannan bayanin akan umarnin. Amma idan kuna biye da abinci mai ƙayyadaddun carbohydrate kuma kuyi ƙananan allurai na insulin, to bazai zama gaskiya ba. Domin bayanin da masanin ke samarwa ya dogara ne da sinadarin insulin wanda ya zarce wadanda masu ciwon sukari ke bukata game da sinadarin karancin carbohydrate.

Don ba da shawara tsawon lokacin da allura, insulin ya fara aiki a farkon maganin ciwon sukari, nazarin teburin “Halayen insulin shirye-shirye”, wanda aka bayar a sama a wannan labarin. An samo asali ne daga bayanai daga ɗimbin aikin Dr. Bernstein. Bayanin da ke cikin wannan tebur, kuna buƙatar bayyanawa kanku da kanku ta amfani da matakan ma'aunin sukari na yau da kullun tare da glucometer.

Manyan kwayoyin insulin sun fara aiki da sauri fiye da kanana, kuma tasirin su yana daɗe. Hakanan, tsawon lokacin insulin ya bambanta a cikin mutane daban-daban. Ayyukan allurar za ta kara sauri sosai idan kun yi aikin motsa jiki don wani sashin jiki inda kuka yi insulin. Wannan nuance dole ne a la'akari idan kawai baku so ku hanzarta aikin insulin. Misali, kar a kara allurar a hannunka kafin zuwa dakin motsa jiki, inda zaku dauke sandar da wannan hannun. Daga ciki, insulin gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar hankali sosai, kuma tare da kowane motsa jiki, har ma da sauri.

Kulawa da sakamako na maganin ciwon sukari

Idan kana da irin wannan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta wanda kana buƙatar yin allurar insulin cikin sauri kafin cin abinci, to yana da kyau a ci gaba da gudanar da aikin sa kai gaba ɗaya na sukari na jini. Idan kana buƙatar isasshen allura na karin insulin da daddare da / ko da safe, ba tare da yin allurar cikin sauri ba kafin abinci, don auna raunin ciwon sukari, to kawai kuna buƙatar auna sukarinku da safe akan komai a ciki da maraice kafin zuwa gado. Koyaya, aiwatar da ikon sarrafa sukari na jini gaba daya 1 a mako, kuma zai fi dacewa kwana 2 a kowane mako. Idan ya nuna cewa sukarinku ya kasance akalla 0.6 mmol / L sama ko ƙasa da ƙimar abubuwan da aka ƙaddara, to kuna buƙatar tuntuɓi likita kuma canza wani abu.

Tabbatar don auna sukarinku kafin fara motsa jiki, a ƙarshen, kuma tare da tazara na 1 awa don sa'o'i da yawa bayan kun gama motsa jiki. Af, karanta dabararmu na musamman kan yadda za a ji daɗin ilimin jiki a cikin ciwon sukari. Hakanan yana bayanin hanyoyin rigakafin cututtukan hypoglycemia yayin ilimi na jiki ga marasa lafiyar masu fama da cutar sukari.

Idan kana da wata cuta ta cuta, to duk ranakun yayin da ake jinya, yi cikakken ikon sarrafa sukari na jini da sauri daidaita babban sukari tare da injections na insulin. Dukkanin marasa lafiyar da suka kamu da allurar insulin suna buƙatar bincika sukarinsu kafin tuki, sannan kowane sa'a yayin da suke tuƙi. Lokacin tuki wasu injina masu haɗari - iri ɗaya. Idan ka shiga ruwa mai ruwa a cikin iska, to sai ka fito fili kowane mintina 20 ka binciki sukari.

Yadda yanayin yake shafar bukatar insulin

Lokacin da lokacin sanyi sanyi ba zato ba tsammani ya ba da lokacin dumama yanayi, yawancin masu ciwon sukari ba zato ba tsammani sun gano cewa buƙatar insulin ɗin ta ragu sosai. Za'a iya tantance wannan saboda mita yana nuna karancin sukari na jini. A cikin irin waɗannan mutane, buƙatar insulin ya ragu a cikin lokacin dumi kuma yana ƙaruwa a cikin hunturu. Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan sabon abu ba a kafa suke ba. An ba da shawara cewa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin dumi, tasoshin jini na gefe suna shakatawa mafi kyau kuma ƙaddamar da jini, glucose da insulin ga kyallen na kewaye suna inganta.

Thearshe shine cewa kuna buƙatar kulawa da sukari na jini a hankali lokacin da yake da dumin jiki a waje don kada hypoglycemia ya faru. Idan sukari yayi yawa sosai, sai a sami damar rage yawan insulin din. A cikin masu ciwon sukari wanda shima suna da lupus erythematosus, komai na iya faruwa ta wannan hanyar. Yana da zafi yanayin, sama suna buƙatar insulin.

Lokacin da mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari ya fara bi da allurar insulin, shi da kansa, da sauran membobin gidansa, abokansa da abokan aiki ya kamata ya san alamun hypoglycemia da yadda za a taimaka masa idan mummunan hari. Duk mutanen da kuke rayuwa da su kuma kuke aiki, bari mu karanta shafin yanar gizon mu game da cutar zamewar jini. Cikakke kuma rubuce a cikin yare bayyananne.

Maganin insulin don ciwon sukari: yankewa

Labarin ya ba da bayanin asali wanda duk marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 suna karɓar allurar insulin suna buƙatar sani. Babban abu shi ne cewa kun koyi irin nau'ikan insulin da suke rayuwa, menene siffofin da suke da su, da kuma ka'idodi don adanar insulin don kada ya lalace. Ina ba da shawara da karfi cewa ku karanta duk labaran a cikin “Insulin a cikin lura da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2” idan kuna son cimma sakamako mai kyau ga ciwon ku. Kuma hakika, a hankali ku bi abincin low-carbohydrate. Koyi menene hanyar ɗaukar hasken. Yi amfani da shi don adana sukari na yau da kullun na jini kuma ku sami kaɗan daga allurai insulin.