Suturar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar Gentamicin ƙwayar cuta ce wacce ta tabbatar da kanta kuma galibi ana amfani da ita a cikin irin waɗannan wuraren magani kamar:
- likitan mata;
- likitan fata;
- likitan ido;
- nephrology;
- urology;
- ilimin huhu;
- otolaryngology;
- ilimin dabbobi.
Sunan kasa da kasa mai zaman kansa
Sunan kasa da kasa wanda ba na mallakar magani ba shine Gentamicin (a cikin Latin - Gentamycin ko Gentamycinum).
Suturar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar Yammacin ƙwayar cuta ce.
ATX
Gentamicin a cikin hanyar samar da mafita don allura an sanya lambar anatomical-warkewa-sunadarai (ATX) lambar J01GB03. Harafin J yana nufin cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi maganin rigakafi ne da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta kuma ana amfani dashi don magani na tsari, haruffa G da B suna nufin cewa rukunin aminoglycosides ne.
Lambar ATX don zubar da ido shine S01AA11. Harafin S yana nufin cewa ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi don maganin gabobin jiki, kuma haruffa AA suna nuna cewa wannan ƙwayar rigakafin an yi niyya don amfani da Topical kuma yana shafar metabolism.
Lambar ATX na Gentamicin a cikin nau'i mai maganin shafawa shine D06AX07. Harafin D yana nufin cewa an yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne don yin amfani da maganin cututtukan fata, da kuma haruffa AX - cewa maganin rigakafi ne.
Saki siffofin da abun da ke ciki
Gentamicin yana da nau'ikan saki guda 4:
- mafita don allura;
- ido ya fadi;
- maganin shafawa;
- jirgin sama.
Babban sashi mai aiki a cikin duka nau'ikan 4 shine ecamicin sulfate. Abun da ke tattare da maganin allura ya haɗa da waɗannan abubuwan taimako kamar:
- sodium metabisulfite;
- gishiri disodium;
- ruwa don yin allura.
An fito da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin ampoules na milimita 2, waɗanda aka cakuda su cikin guda 5. a cikin sihirin fakitoci. Kunshin ya ƙunshi fakitoci 1 ko 2 (ampoules 5 ko 10) da umarnin don amfani.
Aikace-aikacen abubuwanda aka saukad da ruwan ido sune:
- gishiri disodium;
- sodium chloride;
- ruwa don yin allura.
Maganin yana cikin kunshin a cikin 1 ml a cikin bututu masu nutsuwa (1 ml ya ƙunshi 3 mg na abu mai aiki). Kunshin 1 na iya ƙunsar bututu masu ruwa guda 1 ko 2.
Wadanda suka shafawa maganin shafawa sune paraffins:
- m;
- ruwa;
- taushi;
- fari.
Ana sayar da maganin a cikin shambura na 15 MG.
Gentamicin a cikin nau'i na iska mai ƙarfi a matsayin kayan taimako yana da kumfa aerosol kuma an shirya shi a cikin 140 g a cikin kwalaben aerosol na musamman sanye da fesa.
Aikin magunguna
Gentamicin kwayar cuta ce ta kashe kwayoyin cuta wanda aka yadu da ita don magance cututtukan fata (fata) da cututtukan ciki. Magungunan suna kashe ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, suna lalata aikin shinge. Magungunan yana aiki da kungiyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kamar:
- staphylococci;
- streptococci (wasu damuwa);
- Shigella
- Salmonella
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- enterobacter;
- Klebsiella;
- kariya.
Magungunan ba ya aiki:
- treponema (maganin causative na syphilis);
- a kan cutar neiseria (kamuwa da meningococcal);
- a kan kwayoyin cutar anaerobic;
- don ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi da protozoa.
Pharmacokinetics
Mafi kyawun tasiri akan jiki ana bayar dashi ta hanyar allura don gudanarwar cikin ciki da jijiyoyin zuciya. Tare da allura ta ciki, an rubuta yawan ƙwayar plasma bayan mintuna 30-60. An ƙaddara miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin jini don 12 hours. Bugu da ƙari ga jini na jini, Gentamicin da sauri ya shiga kuma an bayyana shi sosai a cikin kyallen huhun, huhu da hanta, mahaifa, da kuma a cikin sputum da ruwa kamar:
- synovial;
- na so;
- peritoneal.
Ana samun mafi ƙasƙancin magunguna a cikin bile da ruwa na cerebrospinal.
Magungunan ba a metabolized a cikin jiki ba: fiye da 90% na miyagun ƙwayoyi ne ke fitar da kodan. Yawan ragi ya danganta da shekarun mai haƙuri da ƙin yardawar kerawa. A cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya tare da kodan lafiya, rabin rayuwar miyagun ƙwayoyi shine sa'o'i 2-3, a cikin yara masu shekaru 1 mako zuwa watanni shida - 3-3.5 hours, har zuwa 1 mako - 5.5 hours, idan yaron ya fi nauyin kilogiram 2 , kuma sama da awanni 8, idan nauyinsa yai kasa da 2 kilogiram.
Za'a iya haɓaka rabin rayuwa tare da:
- anemia
- zazzabi mai tsayi;
- mai ƙonewa mai zafi.
Tare da cutar koda, rabin rayuwar Gentamicin yana da tsawo kuma cirewa na iya zama cikakke, wanda zai haifar da tara magunguna a cikin jiki da kuma haifar da sakamako mai wucewa.
Me ake amfani dashi?
An wajabta magunguna don cututtukan cututtuka da masu kumburi:
- Kwayar ciki. Irin su:
- cututtukan mahaifa;
- cutar kumburi;
- cystitis
- prostatitis.
- Tractarancin numfashi. Irin su:
- izini;
- ciwon huhu
- mashako;
- emyema;
- rashin kumburin huhu.
- Cutar ciki. Irin su:
- peritonitis;
- cholangitis;
- m cholecystitis.
- Kasusuwa da gidajen abinci.
- Fata mai shiga tsakani Irin su:
- rauni na trophic;
- ƙonewa;
- furunlera;
- seborrheic dermatitis;
- kuraje
- paronychia;
- pyoderma;
- folliculitis.
- Ido. Irin su:
- conjunctivitis;
- cututtukan jini;
- keratitis.
- Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, wanda ya hada da meningitis da vermiculitis.
Ana kuma amfani da Gentamicin don sepsis sakamakon tiyata da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
Contraindications
Ba a sanya magani ba idan mai haƙuri:
- baya yarda da maganin rigakafi na rukunin antiglycoside ko wasu abubuwan haɗin da ke cikin maganin;
- yana fama da neuritis na jijiya na auditory;
- mara lafiya tare da azotemia, uremia;
- yana da rauni na koda ko hepatic rashi;
- yana cikin yanayin ciki;
- uwa ce mai shayarwa;
- mara lafiya tare da myasthenia;
- yana fama da cutar Parkinson;
- yana da cututtuka na kayan aikin vestibular (tsananin ƙima, tinnitus);
- shekara 3 da haihuwa.
Tare da kulawa
Ana ɗaukar magungunan tare da taka tsantsan, idan tarihi yana da alamar halayen halayen rashin lafiyan, kazalika idan mara lafiya yana da lafiya:
- botulism;
- munafunci;
- bushewa.
Yadda za a sha maganin sulfate?
Ga marasa lafiya sama da shekaru 14 tare da cututtuka na hanjin urinary, kashi na warkewa shine 0.4 MG kuma ana gudanar da shi sau 2-3 a rana, tare da cututtukan da ke fama da cuta mai guba da kuma sepsis, ana yin maganin ne sau 3-4 a rana, 0.8-1 mg. Matsayi mafi girma bai kamata ya wuce 5 MG kowace rana ba. Tsawon lokacin jiyya shine kwanaki 7-10. A cikin lokuta masu tsanani, a cikin kwanakin farko na 2-3, ana gudanar da Gentamicin a cikin ciki, sannan sai a tura mai haƙuri zuwa allurar ciki.
Don gudanarwa na cikin ciki, kawai ana amfani da maganin da aka shirya a cikin ampoules; don allurar rigakafin intramuscular, an shirya maganin kafin gudanarwa, yana narke foda da ruwa don yin allura.
Ana iya ɗaukar Gentamicin azaman shayarwa don kula da cututtukan huhu.
Yawan kumburin fata, fatar gashi, furunlera da sauran cututtukan fata na bushewa ana maganin su da maganin shafawa. Da farko, ana kula da wuraren da abin ya shafa tare da maganin Furacilin don cire dansandan purulent da barbashi da ya mutu, sannan sai a shafa man na bakin ciki sau 2 a rana don kwanaki 7-10 (za a iya amfani da bandeji). Yawan maganin shafawa na yau da kullun ga mutum bai kamata ya wuce 200 MG ba.
Ana amfani da Aerosol don magance cututtukan fata na fata, amma makircin amfani iri ɗaya ne na maganin shafawa. Ya kamata a fesa Aerosol daga nesa game da 10 cm daga saman fata.
Ana magance cututtukan ido da digo, da sanya su cikin jakar haɗuwa sau 3-4 a rana.
Shin yana yiwuwa a sha maganin don ciwon sukari?
Ciwon sukari mellitus ba shine contraindication don magani tare da Gentamicin ba.
Sakamakon Gefen Gida na Gentamicin Sulfate
Abubuwan da ba su dace ba sakamakon shan Gentamicin ba su da yawa kuma yana iya faruwa ta hanyar:
- amai, danshi, ciwon kai;
- asarar ci, yalwar abinci, tashin zuciya, amai, yawan asara.
- ciwon tsoka, murɗaɗɗar katsewa, murƙushewa, kunbura, paresthesia;
- rushewar kayan aikin vestibular;
- asarar ji;
- gazawar koda
- rikice-rikice na tsarin urinary (oliguria, microhematuria, proteinuria);
- urticaria, zazzabi, itching, fatar fata;
- ƙananan alamu na leukocytes, platelet, potassium, magnesium da alli a cikin jini;
- gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta da aka yi.
Da wuya ka iya:
- zafi a cikin yankin allura na intramuscular;
- phlebitis ko thrombophlebitis a cikin filin gudanarwa na ciki;
- tubular necrosis;
- ci gaban superinfection;
- amafflactic rawar jiki.
Umarni na musamman
- A yayin gudanar da jiyya tare da Gentamicin, ya zama dole don saka idanu kan ayyukan kodan, kayan maye da masu saurin ji.
- Wajibi ne a kula da matakin potassium, magnesium da alli a jini.
- Ga marasa lafiya da gazawar renal, kulawar keɓance na halitta ya zama dole.
- Marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwo mai saurin kamuwa da cuta ko kuma ƙwayar cuta ta hanjin cikin urinary (a cikin matakan fashewa) ya kamata ya yi amfani da ƙarin ruwa yayin jiyya tare da Gentamicin.
- Amfani da barasa da barasa mai ɗauke da kwayoyi yayin magani tare da Gentamicin an haramta shi sosai.
- Domin da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana haifar da raguwa a cikin taro, farin ciki, rage ƙarancin gani, yana da buƙatar watsi da motocin tuki saboda tsawon lokacin kulawa.
Yi amfani da tsufa
Ya kamata a yi amfani da Gentamicin tare da taka tsantsan a cikin marasa lafiya tsofaffi. Magungunan yana da tasiri mai banƙyama a cikin ɗakunan dubawa da kayan aiki, aikin koda, kuma a cikin tsofaffi, waɗannan tsarin, sakamakon canje-canje da suka shafi shekaru, a mafi yawan lokuta sun riga sun yi aiki tare da rikice-rikice. Idan an yanke shawara don rubuta magani, to, a lokacin jiyya da kuma wani ɗan lokaci bayan kammalawa, mai haƙuri dole ne ya lura da keɓancewar halittar kuma likitan kimiyyar otolaryngologist ne zai lura dashi.
Gudanar da Al'adun Gentamicin ga Yara
Don yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 14, an tsara maganin kulawa da ƙwayar ƙwayar cutar cikin kawai a lokuta masu mahimmanci. Ana lissafta kashi ɗaya kawai dangane da shekaru da nauyin yaro: ga yara masu shekaru 6 zuwa 14 - 3 mg / kg, daga 1 zuwa 6 - 1.5 mg / kg, ƙasa da shekara 1 - 1.5-2 mg / kg. Matsakaicin mafi girma na yau da kullun ga duk marasa lafiya a ƙarƙashin shekaru 14 bai wuce 5 mg / kg ba. Ana gudanar da maganin sau 2-3 a rana don kwanaki 7-10.
Kula da cututtukan fata ko cututtukan ido da keɓaɓɓen fata, maganin shafawa, ko faɗuwar ido ba shi da haɗari kuma ana iya ba shi izini ga marasa lafiya waɗanda shekarunsu ba su wuce 14 ba. Regimens warkewa iri ɗaya ne da na manya. Yawan maganin yau da kullun ba zai wuce 60 MG ba.
Yi amfani da lokacin daukar ciki da lactation
Magungunan zai iya saurin wucewa cikin mahaifa kuma cikin madara, saboda haka, an haramta shan kwayoyin rigakafi ga mata masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa. Da zarar cikin jikin yaron, miyagun ƙwayoyi suna haifar da cin zarafin ƙwayar gastrointestinal kuma zai iya haifar da alamun ototoxicity. Banda shi ne yanayin da yiwuwar amfani ga uwa zai wuce cutar da yaro.
Yawan sha da yawa na Gentamicin Sulfate
Za a iya haifar da sakamako mafi yawan zafin jiki ta hanyar allura ta Gentamicin. Maganin shafawa, saukad da idanu da kuma iskar shaƙatawa ba su ba da irin wannan sakamako. Bayyanar cututtuka da ke yawan haɗuwa sun haɗa da:
- tashin zuciya da amai
- barci da ciwon kai;
- fata fitsari, itching;
- zazzabi
- makawa ba ji ba gani;
- take hakkin ayyuka na kayan aiki;
- gazawar koda
- take hakkin fitar fitsari;
- Quincke's edema (da wuya).
Tsarin kulawa ya ƙunshi cire magani na kai tsaye da wankewar jini tare da maganin hemodialysis ko dialysis.
Yin hulɗa tare da wasu kwayoyi
Cikakken jituwa da Gentamicin sune:
- Amphotericin;
- Heparin;
- maganin rigakafin beta-lactam.
Gentamicin a hade tare da ethaclates acid da furosemide na iya haɓaka mummunar tasiri akan kodan da taimakon ji.
Haɓakawa na kamawa na numfashi da ƙuƙwalwar tsoka zai iya haifar da amfani da Gentamicin na lokaci guda tare da kwayoyi kamar:
- Decamethonium;
- Tubocurarine;
- Succinylcholine.
Ba'a ba da shawarar a haɗa Gentamicin tare da magunguna masu zuwa:
- Viomycin;
- Vancomycin;
- Tobramycin;
- Tsarincin
- Paromomycin;
- Amikacin;
- Kanamycin;
- Cephaloridin.
Analogs
Analogs na allurar maganin sune:
- Gentamicin Sandoz (Poland, Slovenia);
- Gentamicin-K (Slovenia);
- Gentamicin-Kiwon lafiya (Ukraine).
Analogues na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin nau'i na saukad da ido sune:
- Gentadeks (Belarus);
- Dexon (India);
- Dexamethasons (Russia, Slovenia, Finland, Romania, Ukraine).
Analogs na maganin shafawa na Gentamicin sune:
- Candiderm (India);
- Garamycin (Belgium);
- Celestroderm (Belgium, Russia).
Magunguna kan bar sharuɗan
Dangane da umarnin, Gentamicin (dukkan nau'ikan 4), kamar kowane maganin rigakafi, ya kamata a ba da magani a cikin kantin magunguna kawai takardar sayan magani.
Zan iya saya ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba?
Ana iya siyan kowane nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan magunguna 4 a kantin magani ba tare da takardar sayen magani ba.
Farashin Suturar Gentamicin
Gentamicin yana cikin rukuni na magunguna masu tsada. Matsakaicin farashin 10 ampoules a cikin kantin magunguna na Moscow shine 50 rubles., Man shafawa da aerosol - 85-100 rubles., Saukar ido - 35 rubles. A cikin shagunan kan layi, farashin magunguna shine 5 rubles. kasa.
Yanayin ajiya na miyagun ƙwayoyi
Ya kamata a adana magunguna ta hanyar isa ga yara. Yawan zazzabi don magance allura da saurin ido ya kamata + 15 ... + 25 ° С, don iska da man shafawa - + 8 ... + 15 ° С.
Ya kamata a adana magunguna ta hanyar isa ga yara.
Ranar karewa
Rayuwar rayuwar shiryayye na ido shine shekaru 3, aerosol da maganin shafawa - shekaru 2, maganin allura - shekara 1. Ido ya lumshe ido bayan bude kwalbar ya dace da bai wuce wata 1 ba.
Mai masana'anta
Gentamicin ta hanyar allura ya samar da:
- Rasha
- Belarus
- Kasar Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
Ana samar da Gentamicin a cikin nau'in maganin shafawa da saurin ido a cikin Belarus, a cikin nau'in iska mai iska - Bulgaria.
Ra'ayoyi game da Sulfate na Gentamicin
Mariya, 'yar shekara 25, Voronezh: "A' yan makwannin da suka gabata, wani abu ya faɗi a cikin ido. Idanu sun yi jawu a rana guda, sun kumbura (kusan an rufe su) wani ciwo da ba za a iya jurewa ba ya bayyana. Likita ya shawarci Gentamicin a saukad da na. kowane sauran rana, kuma a kan 3rd - sauran bayyanar cututtuka sun wuce, amma na narke duk kwanakin 7. "
Vladimir, mai shekara 40, Kursk: "Na ƙone hannuna da kyau a wurin aiki. Da maraice wani ƙyallen ya bayyana, 'yan kwanaki kaɗan rauni ya fara murmurewa kuma yana daɗaɗa rai sosai .. Sun shawarce ni da in tafi da maganin a Gentamicin a cikin kantin magani kuma in kula da shi bisa umarnin, rufe shi da bandeji daga sama. Sakamakon yana da kyau - bayan kwana 2 rauni ya daina murmurewa kuma ya fara warkarwa. "
Andrei, dan shekara 38, a Moscow: "A bara na kamu da ciwon huhu. Ban fara ba da magani nan da nan, don haka lokacin da na isa asibiti cutar ta kamu da zazzaɓi da zazzaɓi mai zafi. Nan da nan aka yi wa Gentamicin allurar allura sau 4 a rana. Kuma bayan wata daya sai aka sake ni. "
