Yawancin lokaci ana kiran shi mai kashe bakin magana, tunda cutar ta dau tsawon lokaci ba tare da alamu ba. An gano ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar hauhawar jini a jiki a yayin da systolic ɗin ya haɗu da 140 mm Hg. Art., Diastolic fiye da 90 mm RT. Art.
A cewar kididdigar, hauhawar jini yana shafar maza har zuwa shekaru 45 da mata bayan haila. Koyaya, cutar ta zama ƙarami a kowace shekara, ana gano ta a cikin marasa lafiya matasa.
Rarrabe tsakanin farko (mahimmanci) da sakandare (Symptomatic) hauhawar jini. Abu na farko shine sakamakon canje-canje masu alaƙa da shekaru, halaye marasa kyau, ɗabi'ar motsin rai, raunin hankali, damuwa, nauyi mai yawa, ƙarancin motsa jiki da ciwon suga.
Cutar hauhawar Symptomatic tana tasowa ne a kan tushen cututtukan da ke gudana, alal misali, rikice-rikice na tsarin endocrine, cututtukan zuciya, matsaloli tare da gabobin tsarin fitsari. Sauran dalilai masu tsinkaye sune ciki, shan muggan kwayoyi.
Rarraba hauhawar jini
A magani, ana rarrabe matakai da kuma matakan hauhawar jini. Matakan cutar - kwatankwacin bayyanar cututtuka da lalacewarsu da ke haifar da jiki. Digiri sune bayanan hawan jini wanda ke rarrabe cutar.
Yawan hauhawar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki yana tasowa sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin huji, raguwar kwararawar jini, wanda hakan ke cutar da jijiyoyin zuciya. Wannan ilimin cuta mai saukin ganewa ne kuma yana da haɗari ga rayuwa, yana haifar da ƙoshin jiki da rashin zuciya.
Halin hauhawar jini yana halin matsa lamba sama da 220/130, yana haifar da canje-canje masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a cikin yanayin kudirin, samuwar ƙarar jini. Har zuwa yau, ba a tabbatar da ainihin musanyawar canjin yanayin hauhawar jini ta al'ada zuwa wani mummunan tsari ba.
Akwai wani nau'in hauhawar jijiya - vasorenal ko sake gyara jiki. Yana da alaƙa da canje-canje a cikin aikin kodan, katsewa cikin samar da jini ga ƙwayar. Sau da yawa, likita yana yanke irin waɗannan take hakkin ta hanyar nuna alamar diastolic sosai. Mafi yawan lokuta na hauhawar jini na sakandare ya faru daidai wannan dalili.
Rashin hauhawar Labile:
- halin da tashin hankali na episodic da hauhawar jini;
- ba a la'akari da cutar ba;
- wani lokacin yakan zama cikin hauhawar jini ta gaskiya.
Bayyanar cututtukan hauhawar jini: ciwon kai, ƙoshin hannaye da kafafu, tsananin rauni. A wasu halaye, babu alamun komai. Wannan yana faruwa tare da hauhawar jini a cikin matakin farko.
Rashin hauhawar jini na farko ya kasu kashi biyu: hyperadrenergic, hyporenin, hyperrenin. Ana gano hauhawar jini ta hyperradrenergic a kusan 15% na lokuta na hauhawar jini, matsalar halayyar matasa marasa lafiya. Dalilan sun ta'allaka ne game da sakin homonal na adrenaline, norepinephrine.
Abubuwan halayyar za su zama canji a cikin kama, motsawar kai, tunanin damuwa, da sanyi. A hutawa a cikin mutane, ana gano bugun bugun bugun daga cikin kashi 90 zuwa 95 a minti daya. Idan ba a kawo matsin lamba zuwa al'ada ba, mai haƙuri na iya fuskantar rikicin hauhawar jini, ba a fahimci hanyoyin da ke haifar da cutar ba.
Idan hauhawar jini yana haɓaka da sauri, ana cewa mai haƙuri yana da nau'in cutar hawan jini. A cikin mutane:
- ciwon kai;
- yawan amai, tashin zuciya;
- tsayiwa zama mafi akai-akai.
Idan babu maganin, sai pathology ya shiga cikin atherosclerosis na artal koda.
A cikin masu ciwon sukari na tsufa, hauhawar jini ta haɓaka, wanda ke da alaƙa da riƙewar ruwa, gishiri a cikin jiki. Wani takamaiman alamar zai zama abin da ake kira bayyanar renal.
Digiri na hauhawar jini
Ana iya gano matakin farko na hauhawar jini sakamakon godiya a koyaushe na matakan karfin jini. Ana gudanar da bincike a cikin yanayin kwanciyar hankali, kawai idan an cika wannan yanayin, zaku iya samun ainihin sakamakon.
An ƙaddara matakin farko na cutar ta hanyar kwatsam, yawanci yayin binciken yau da kullun. Matsin lamba a wannan yanayin ya tashi daga 140 (160) / 90 (100) mm Hg. Art. A wasu halaye, tare da irin wannan amplitude na matsin lamba, mai ciwon sukari yana fama da digiri na biyu na hauhawar jini, ya dogara da shan kashi na gabobin ciki, halayen mutum na mutum.
Tare da ci gaba da cutar, suna magana game da hauhawar jini na matsakaici ko matsakaici. An bayyana shi a cikin karfin jini a matakin 160 (180) / 100 (110) mm Hg. Art. Abubuwan diastolic kawai zasu iya ƙaruwa ko lokacin da wasu yanayi suka faru.
Kwayar cutar ta cutar za ta iya ƙaruwa nan take, ta zama sanadin rashin aiki:
- koda
- zuciya
- hanta.
Batun ci gaban kwakwalwa baya yanke hukunci a kansa.
Matsayi na ƙarshe na hauhawar jini yana da rauni. Tare da shi, matsin lamba yana da girma sosai, ya tashi sama da matakin 180/110 mm RT. Art.
A wasu marasa lafiya, kawai alamun matsa lamba na systolic ya wuce al'ada. Dangane da ƙididdiga, wannan dabi'a ce ga marassa lafiyar marasa lafiya.
Matsayi na jini
A magani, al'ada ce a rarrabe har ma da matakan hauhawar jini.
Mataki na farko
Na farkon su shine mafi sauki kuma wanda ba a iya ganin shi ga mai ciwon sukari, amma ita ce ta zama babban dalilin matsalar lafiya. Ko da tare da ƙananan cin zarafi, bai kamata a yi watsi da su ba.
Babu takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka yayin wannan lokacin, sai dai don matsakaici da kuma matsin lamba wanda ba a cika gani ba, yanayin nuna alamun canji ya bayyana. Tare da hauhawar jijiya a cikin kashi na 1, mai haƙuri na iya fuskantar ciwon kai na lokaci-lokaci, yana zub da jini daga hancin hanci, kuma mutumin ba ya barci da kyau.
Don gyara yanayin, likita ya ba da shawarar bin daidai ga abinci mai kyau, rage yawan sodium da aka cinye, da inganta tsarin yau da kullun. Koyaya, ƙa'idodin da aka tattauna an san su ga masu ciwon sukari ba tare da shi ba.
Mataki na biyu
Ba tare da matakan da aka ɗauka ba, hauhawar jijiyoyin jini suna farawa, rikice-rikice sun bayyana. Yanzu bayyanar cututtuka suna girma na rayayye, ba don haɗa mahimmancin su ba yana zama da wahala. Shugaban yana ciwo sau da yawa, rashin jin daɗi baya barin dogon lokaci. Zub da jini daga hanci ya zama dindindin, jin zafi a zuciya.
Yana da wuya a inganta lafiya ba tare da taimakon likita ba. Sakamakon cutar hawan jini ya haifar da haɓakar hauhawar jini a cikin matakai 2, digiri 3, yana haifar da barazanar kai tsaye ga rayuwar ɗan adam Duk umarnin likita dole ne a bi shi cikakke, ba tare da wannan ba, cutar ta tsananta, yana gudana cikin matakan ag3.
Mataki na uku
Idan mai hauhawar jini ya zama mai sakaci cikin lafiya, bai karɓi magunguna ba, bai daina shan taba da shan giya ba, yana da cutar mataki na uku na hauhawar jini. A wannan matakin, mahimman abubuwa na ciki sun riga sun shafi: kwakwalwa, hanta, kodan, zuciya.
Rashin isasshen jini da kuma matsa lamba yana haifar da mummunan sakamako a cikin yanayin yanayin cututtukan:
- bugun jini;
- bugun zuciya;
- encephalopathy;
- bugun zuciya;
- arrhythmia;
- ba za a iya sauya abubuwan da ke cikin jijiyar idanun ba.
Idan ba a kula dasu ba, akwai yuwuwar samun hauhawar hauhawar hauhawar cikin damuwa. Mai haƙuri yana jin saurin rikicewar ƙwaƙwalwa, rikicewar aikin tunani, ƙari da ƙari tare da shi asarar hankali.
Idan ya shafi hauhawar ƙwayar cuta, ganewar asali ya fara ne tare da tantance abin da ke haifar da cuta. Don waɗannan dalilai, wajibi ne don gudanar da hadaddun gwaje-gwaje na jini don hematocrit, cholesterol, sukari; fitsari electrocardiogram. Hauhawar jini na sakandare farawa ba zato ba tsammani, yana da wuyar magani, ba a gado. Sau da yawa ana lura yayin daukar ciki.
Akwai nau'o'i 4 waɗanda ke haifar da mummunar lalacewar gabobin ciki a cikin masu zuwa:
- kasa da 15%;
- kusan 20%;
- daga 20%;
- sama da 30%.
Abubuwan da ba a cika gani ba shine hauhawar jini na digiri na uku na mataki na 2-3. Irin waɗannan masu ciwon sukari suna buƙatar taimako na gaggawa, magani mai wahala.
In ba haka ba, rikici mai hauhawar jini ya taso, ana saninsa ta hanyar karuwa sosai, matsin lamba da kuma yaduwar zuciya.
Menene haɗarin rikicin hauhawar jini?
Rikicin tashin hankali ya shafi asibiti a cikin asibiti. Yanayin yanayi mara kyau, damuwa na damuwa, amfani da magunguna, zagi, giya, da magunguna marasa kan gado na iya haifar da hari.
Sauran abubuwan haɗari sun haɗa da raunin kai, cin zarafin abinci mai gishiri, rashin ruwa a jiki, da wasu nau'ikan neoplasms.
A cikin yawancin marasa lafiya, rikicewar hauhawar jini yana haifar da tsari mai lalacewa a cikin gabobin da aka yi niyya. Kimanin 25% na duk marasa lafiya suna da niyyar lalacewar gabobin biyu ko fiye.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sune:
- kaifi mai kaifi;
- yawan tashin zuciya;
- mummunan gani;
- rikicewa da fadakarwa.
Blearfin hanci mai ƙarfi, raɗaɗi a baya daga tsananin zafin jiki, yanayin birgewa, damuwa, tsoro, tsoro ba a cirewa.
Lokacin da irin waɗannan yanayi suka faru, dole ne a kira nan da nan motar ƙungiyar motar asibiti.
Kafin isocin kocin likita, mai ciwon sukari ya kamata ya sha magani mai guba ko na jini, wanda yawanci yakan sha tare da matsalolin matsin lamba.
Matakan hanyoyin kariya
Lokacin gano asalin matakin hauhawar jini, kada ku yanke ƙauna, saboda za a iya sake juya cutar. Abubuwan da ake bukata don murmurewa wani canji ne ga salon rayuwa, kin amincewa da jaraba, sake duba abinci game da abubuwan da suka dace.
Tuni daga digiri na biyu, cutar ana ɗauka cewa na kullum kuma baya amsa magani. Sabuwar cutar kanta, kamar ciwon sukari, shine ikon iya sarrafa ta, ta haka ke hana rikicewa.
Koda a cikin tsufa ya isa ya bi shawarar likita .. Kuna buƙatar cin abinci a cikin ƙananan rabo, da hankali rage yawan adadin kuzari na menu. Ricuntatawa zai cire zubar ruwa mai yawa daga jiki kuma zai haifar da cholesterol na al'ada.
Ana kula da matakin farko na yanayin pathological tare da hanyoyin da ba magunguna ba: ilimin jiki, abinci, asarar nauyi, ƙin halayen marasa kyau. Don matsakaici zuwa matsakaici mai tsanani na AH, ana yin hasashen amfani da magunguna: diuretics, inhibitors, beta-blockers.
Abin da digiri na hauhawar jini ake wanzu ana bayyana su a bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.
