Nawa ne ke fama da ciwon sukari?

Kimanin kashi 7% na mutanen duniyarmu suna fama da ciwon sukari.

Yawan marasa lafiya a Rasha yana karuwa kowace shekara, kuma a halin yanzu akwai kusan miliyan 3. Na dogon lokaci, mutane na iya rayuwa kuma ba su zargin wannan cutar ba.

Gaskiya ne gaskiya ga manya da tsofaffi. Yadda ake rayuwa tare da irin wannan cutar kuma mutane nawa ne suke rayuwa da ita, zamuyi nazari a wannan labarin.

Daga ina cutar take fitowa?

Bambanci tsakanin nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ƙaramin abu ne: a cikin duka halayen biyu, matakin suga na jini ya hau. Amma dalilan wannan yanayin sun bambanta. A nau'in 1 mellitus na ciwon sukari, ana lalata tsarin garkuwar jikin mutum, da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kamar yadda 'yan kasashen waje da shi.

A takaice dai, rigakafinku yana "kashe" sashin. Wannan yana haifar da mummunan ƙwayar cuta ta hanji da kuma rage yawan insulin.

Wannan halin halayen ne na yara da matasa kuma ana kiransa ƙarancin insulin. Ga irin waɗannan marasa lafiya, allurar rigakafin insulin an wajabta ta rayuwa.

Ba shi yiwuwa a ambaci ainihin dalilin cutar, amma masana kimiyya daga ko'ina cikin duniya sun yarda cewa ana gādo da ita.

Abubuwan da aka tsinkaya sun hada da:

1. Damuwa Sau da yawa, ciwon sukari yana tasowa a cikin yara bayan kisan iyayensu.
2. Kwayar cutar ta kwayar cuta - mura, amai, amai da sauran su.
3. Sauran rikicewar hormonal a cikin jiki.

A cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, karancin insulin na faruwa.

Yana tasowa kamar haka:

1. Kwayoyin sun rasa hankalin insulin.
2. Glucose yana iya shiga cikinsu kuma yana zama ba'a bayyana shi a cikin tsarin jini.
3. A wannan lokacin, sel suna ba da siginar zuwa cututtukan fata cewa ba su sami insulin ba.
4. Kwayar ta fara samar da sinadarin insulin, amma sel ba su tsinkayi hakan ba.

Don haka, ya nuna cewa kumburin yana samar da insulin al'ada ko kuma ya ninka yawan insulin, amma ba a shan shi, kuma glucose a cikin jini yayi girma.

Dalilai na yau da kullun akan wannan sune:

• ba daidai ba salon;
• kiba
• mummunan halaye.

Irin waɗannan marasa lafiya an tsara su da magunguna waɗanda ke haɓaka ƙimar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin cuta. Bugu da kari, suna buƙatar rasa nauyi da sauri. Wani lokacin raguwa na ko da kilo kilo kawai na inganta yanayin mai haƙuri, kuma yana daidaita glucosersa.

Shin yaushe ne masu ciwon sukari suke rayuwa?

Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa maza masu fama da ciwon sukari na 1 suna rayuwa shekaru 12 ƙasa, kuma mata 20 ne.

Koyaya, yanzu ƙididdiga suna ba mu wasu bayanai. Matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1 ya karu zuwa shekaru 70.

Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ilimin magunguna na zamani yana samar da analogues na insulin ɗan adam. A irin wannan insulin, begen rayuwa yana ƙaruwa.

Hakanan akwai hanyoyi da yawa da hanyoyin sarrafa kai. Waɗannan nau'ikan glucose ne da yawa, matakan gwaje-gwaje don tantance ketones da sukari a cikin fitsari, famfo na insulin.

Cutar tana da haɗari saboda kullun haɓaka sukari na jini yana shafar gabobin "manufa".

Wadannan sun hada da:

• idanu;
• kodan
• tasoshin da jijiyoyi na ƙananan ƙarshen.

Babban rikice-rikice da ke haifar da tawaya sune:

1. Karar 'yan fansho
2. Ciwon mara na wucin gadi.
3. Gangrene na kafafu.
4. Jiki a cikin jini wata cuta ce wacce mutum a cikin jinin glucose din jini ya ragu sosai. Wannan ya faru ne saboda allurar insulin da bata dace ba ko kuma gazawar abinci. Sakamakon rashin lafiyar haila na iya zama mutuwa.
5. Hyperglycemic ko ketoacidotic coma shima ya zama ruwan dare. Dalilinsa sune ƙiba da allurar insulin, keta dokokin abinci. Idan nau'in na farko na ƙwayar cuta na sarrafawa ta hanyar gudanarwar ciki na maganin 40% na glucose kuma mai haƙuri ya dawo cikin hankalinsa kusan nan da nan, to, ƙwaƙwalwar kamuwa da cuta mafi wahala. Jikin Ketone yana shafan jiki baki daya, gami da kwakwalwa.

Samuwar waɗannan rikice-rikice masu rikicewa suna gajarta rayuwa a wasu lokuta. Mai haƙuri yana buƙatar fahimtar cewa ƙin insulin shine hanya madaidaiciya zuwa mutuwa.

Mutumin da yake jagorantar rayuwa mai kyau, yana motsa wasanni kuma yana bin abinci, zai iya rayuwa mai tsawo da kuma gamsarwa.

Sanadin mutuwa

Mutane ba sa mutuwa ta cutar da kanta, mutuwa ta fito daga rikice-rikice.

A cewar kididdigar, a cikin 80% na lokuta, marasa lafiya suna mutuwa daga matsaloli tare da tsarin zuciya. Irin waɗannan cututtukan sun haɗa da ciwon zuciya, nau'ikan nau'ikan arrhythmias.

Dalilin mutuwa na gaba shine bugun jini.

Abu na uku da ke haddasa mutuwa shine rean ta'adda. Babban glucose na kullun yana haifar da rikicewar jini da ke cikin ƙananan ƙarshen. Kowane, har ma da ƙaramin rauni, na iya tsayar da kuma rage tasirin hannu. Wasu lokuta koda cire wani ɓangare na ƙafa ba ya haifar da haɓaka. Manya a jiki na hana rauni daga warkarwa, kuma yakan fara jujjuya su.

Wani dalilin mutuwa shine yanayin rashin lafiyar jiki.

Abin baƙin ciki, mutanen da ba su bi umarnin likita ba su daɗe.

Kyautar Jocelyn

A cikin 1948, Elliot Proctor Joslin, masanin ilmin kimiyar endocrinologist na Amurka, ya kafa lambar yabo ta Nasara. An ba ta wa masu ciwon sukari masu shekaru 25 kwarewa.

A cikin 1970, akwai da yawa daga cikin irin waɗannan mutane, saboda magunguna sun ci gaba, sababbin hanyoyin magance cututtukan sukari da rikice-rikice sun bayyana.

Abin da ya sa jagorancin Cibiyar Cutar Rana ta Dzhoslinsky ta yanke shawarar ba da ladar masu ciwon sukari waɗanda suka rayu tare da cutar shekaru 50 ko fiye.

Wannan ana ɗaukar babbar nasara. Tun daga 1970, wannan lambar yabo ta karɓi mutane 4,000 daga ko'ina cikin duniya. 40 daga cikinsu suna zaune a Rasha.

A cikin 1996, an kafa sabon kyautar don masu ciwon sukari tare da shekaru 75 na gwaninta. Ga alama ba gaskiya bane, amma mutane 65 ne ke mallakar ta a duk duniya. Kuma a cikin 2013, Cibiyar ta Jocelyn ta fara ba wa Spencer Wallace, wadda ke zaune tare da ciwon sukari shekaru 90.

Zan iya samun yara?

Yawancin lokaci ana tambayar wannan tambayar ta marasa lafiya da nau'in farko. Kasancewa da rashin lafiya a yara ko lokacin samartaka, marassa lafiyar da kansu da danginsu basa fatan samun cikakken rayuwa.

Maza, suna da kwarewar cutar fiye da shekaru 10, sau da yawa sukan koka da raguwar iko, raunin maniyyi a cikin ɓoye ɓoye. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa yawan sukari yana shafar ƙarshen jijiya, wanda ke haifar da take hakkin samar da jini ga al'amuran.

Tambaya ta gaba ita ce ko ɗan da aka haife shi daga iyaye masu ciwon sukari zai sami wannan cutar? Babu cikakkiyar amsa ga wannan tambayar. Cutar da kanta ba ta daukar cutar. Wani tsinkaye a jikinta ana tura shi.

Ta wata hanyar, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wasu abubuwan hanawa, yaro na iya haɓaka ciwon sukari. An yi imani cewa hadarin kamuwa da cutar ya ninka idan mahaifin na da ciwon suga.

A cikin mata masu fama da rashin lafiya, yawan haila yakan rikice. Wannan yana nuna cewa samun juna biyu yana da wahala. Take hakkin asalin hormonal yana haifar da rashin haihuwa. Amma idan mai haƙuri tare da cutar rama, ya zama mai sauƙi ga samun juna biyu.

Hanyar yin ciki a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari suna da wahala. Mace na bukatar kulawa da yawan sukarin jini da kuma acetone a cikin fitsari. Ya danganta da lokacin haila, kashi na insulin yana canzawa.

A cikin farkon farkon, yana raguwa, sannan yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa kuma a ƙarshen cikin ciki suturar ta sake raguwa. Mace mai ciki yakamata ta kiyaye matakin sukarinta. Babban kudade yana haifar da cututtukan mahaifa da ke addaba.

Yara daga mahaifiya da ke da ciwon sukari ana haihuwar su da nauyi mai yawa, galibi gabobinsu suna aiki ba girma, ana gano cutar cututtukan zuciya. Don hana haihuwar yaro mara lafiya, mace tana buƙatar shirya juna biyu, ana lura da duk kalmar ta hanyar endocrinologist da likitan mata. Sau da yawa a cikin watanni 9 ya kamata mace ta asibiti a cikin sassan endocrinology don daidaita sashin insulin.

Isar da kai a cikin mata mara lafiya ana yin ta ta amfani da sashin cesarean. Ba a ba da izinin haihuwa na ainihi ga marasa lafiya saboda haɗarin basur na hura ciki lokacin aiki.

Yaya ake rayuwa cikin farin ciki tare da ciwon sukari?

Nau'i na 1 ya taso, a matsayin mai mulki, a cikin ƙuruciya ko lokacin samartaka. Iyayen irin waɗannan yaran suna rawar jiki, suna ƙoƙarin nemo masu warkarwa ko ganye na sihiri waɗanda zasu taimaka wajen magance wannan cutar. Abin takaici, a halin yanzu babu magungunan cutar. Don fahimtar wannan, kawai kuna tunanin tunanin: tsarin rigakafi ya “kashe” sel ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma jiki baya sake sakin insulin.

Masu warkarwa da magungunan mutane ba zasu taimaka wajan sake dawo da jikin ba kuma su sanya shi sirrin mahimmancin kwayoyin sake. Iyaye suna buƙatar fahimtar cewa babu buƙatar yaƙi da cutar, kuna buƙatar koya yadda ake rayuwa da ita.

Lokaci na farko bayan ganewar asali a cikin shugaban iyaye da yaro da kansa zai zama babban adadin bayanai:

• lissafin raka'a gurasa da ma'aunin glycemic;
• lissafin daidai insulin allurai;
• carbohydrates da dama da ba daidai ba.

Kada ku ji tsoron duk wannan. Don tsofaffi da yara su ji daɗi, dole ne dukan iyalin su kamu da ciwon sukari.

Kuma sannan a gida ku kiyaye tsattsauran bayanin kula da kai, wanda zai nuna:

• kowane abinci;
• injections da aka bayar;
• alamomin sukari na jini;
• alamomin acetone a cikin fitsari.

Bidiyo daga Dr. Komarovsky game da ciwon sukari a cikin yara:

Iyaye kada su hana yaran su shiga gidan: hana shi haduwa da abokai, tafiya, zuwa makaranta. Don saukaka cikin iyali, dole ne a ɗora teburin guraben gurasa da ma'aunin glycemic. Bugu da kari, zaku iya sayan sikelin kayan abinci na musamman wanda zaku iya lissafa adadin XE a cikin kwano.

Duk lokacin da yaro ya kara ko rage glucose, dole ne ya tuna irin abubuwan da yaji. Misali, babban sukari na iya haifar da ciwon kai ko bushewar bakin. Kuma tare da ƙarancin sukari, gumi, hannuwa mai rawar jiki, jin daɗin yunwar. Tunawa da wavannan abubuwan zai taimaka wa yaro a nan gaba wajen tantance kimanin sukarin shi ba tare da glucometer ba.

Wannan ya zama dole saboda a cikin gaggawa, alal misali, raguwar sukari jini, mutane na iya taimaka masa.

Mutumin da yake da ciwon sukari yakamata yayi cikakken rayuwa:

• je makaranta;
• da abokai;
• tafiya;
• don yin wasanni.

A wannan yanayin ne kawai zai sami damar haɓaka da rayuwa ta yau da kullun.

Binciken nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 shine tsofaffi ke yi, don haka fifikonsu shine asarar nauyi, ƙin halayen marasa kyau, abinci mai dacewa.

Yarda da duk ƙa'idodi yana ba ku damar rama ciwon sukari na dogon lokaci kawai ta hanyar amfani da allunan. In ba haka ba, ana tsara insulin cikin sauri, rikitarwa yana haɓaka da sauri. Rayuwar mutum da ciwon sukari ya dogara ne da kansa da iyalinsa. Cutar sankarau ba jumla ba ce; hanya ce ta rayuwa.