Insulin shine hormone wanda ke hade da sel na tsibirin na Langerhans-Sobolev na fitsari. Abun yana aiki sosai a cikin tsarin metabolism, yana daidaita matakan sukari na jini. Yanayin da ke haɗuwa tare da haɓaka ko raguwa a cikin adadin abubuwan da ke aiki da kwayoyin halitta saboda hanyoyin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa suna buƙatar madaidaiciyar hanya don gyara da magani. An tattauna abubuwan da ke haifar da insulin a cikin jini da alamomin da ke tare da su a cikin labarin.
Ayyukan insulin da al'ada
Babban burin hormone shine aiwatar da glucose da sarrafa matakin sa. Wannan yana faruwa kamar haka:
- Kayayyaki tare da carbohydrates suna shiga jiki. A cikin jijiyoyin ciki, ana fitar da sukari kuma suna shiga cikin jini.
- Matsayin glucose a cikin jini ya tashi, wanda ya zama alama don haɓaka aikin insulin ta hanji.
- Kwayar halittar ta danganta da sukari mai yawa kuma tana aika shi zuwa depot (tsarin tsoka, tsotse nama).
- A cikin tsokoki, glucose yana rushewa zuwa raka'a na kuzari da ruwa, kuma a cikin tsopose nama sai ya juye ya zama maɗaukaki mai narkewa.
Insulin kuma yana da wasu mahimman abubuwan ga jikin ɗan adam:
- jigilar abubuwan amino acid, abubuwan gano abubuwa da kuma lipids zuwa sel da kyallen takarda;
- Thearfafa aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa sakamakon kunna aikin haɗin furotin;
- sa hannu cikin hanyoyin dawo da kai;
- kunnawa na aikin enzymatic wanda ke da alhakin ƙirƙirar glycogen, wanda ke da hannu a cikin ajiyar ƙwayoyin glucose.
Maza da mata suna da alamu iri ɗaya. Theudurin adadin yana gudana ne akan komai a ciki, saboda bayan cin abinci mai narkewar ƙwayoyin carbohydrates mai haɓaka yana haɓaka matakin hormone. Har zuwa shekaru 12, lokacin samarwa kayan aikin binciken ba shi da mahimmanci.
An rarrabe nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan abubuwa biyu dangane da sanadin abin da ya faru:
- na farko
- sakandare.
Insulin abu ne mai mahimmanci na metabolism metabolism wanda ke sarrafa sukari jini kuma yana tabbatar da shigowar shi cikin sel.
Tsarin farko
Hyperinsulinism na farko yana da suna na biyu - pancreatic, wato, dalilan haɓakawa gaba ɗaya suna da alaƙa da raunin ƙwayar cuta. Zasu iya zama kamar haka:
- kasancewar tsarin tumbi (insulinoma);
- rage sirrin glucagon;
- haɓaka yawan ƙwayoyin sel;
- farkon mataki na ciwon sukari.
Tsarin Tumor
Insulinoma wani sabon abu ne wanda zai iya kasancewa a cikin kowane bangare na cututtukan farji. Nazarin Histological yana nuna kasancewar sel islet ɗin Langerhans a cikin abubuwan da ya ƙunsa. Ingancin insulinoma shine cewa yana iya samarda insulin da kansa, wanda yake ƙaruwa da yawansa a jini kuma, gwargwadon haka, yana haifar da raguwar sukari.
Cutar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta (insulinoma) - ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta insulin-insulin wani mummunan yanayin ko mummunar yanayin
Yawan matakan insulin sau da yawa suna faruwa da safe, lokacin da mai haƙuri bai riga ya sami lokacin yin karin kumallo ba. Da farko, hanyoyin biyan diyya suna kokarin tsara yanayin jikin, amma bayan gajiyarsu kwayoyin halitta da jijiyoyin gabobin suka fara fama da karancin kuzarin, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban tarin matsaloli.
Rage sirrin glucagon
Glucagon wani nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ne wanda ke fitowa daga tsibirin na Langerhans-Sobolev, amma ta ƙwayoyin alpha. Glucagon da insulin suna da alaƙa da juna. Idan insulin ya kula da matakin glucose da ake buƙata ta hanyar rage adadinta, kuma yana haɓaka kwarara zuwa cikin kyallen jikin mutum, to glucagon yana daidaita rushewar glycogen da hanawar haɗinsa, wanda ke nufin yana ƙara yawan sukarin jini.
Ciwon farko na cutar sankara
Da yawa za su ce wannan wani irin kuskure ne, saboda “cutar mai daɗi” an san kowa a matsayin ƙaramin matakin hormone. Haka ne. Amma a farkon matakan, jikin yayi ƙoƙari don rama ƙarancin abu mai aiki. Increasearuwar matakan insulin yana faruwa kamar a cikin jinkiri, kuma ana tsammanin an sami adadin da ake tsammani cikin hoursan sa'o'i daga lokacin da abinci ya shiga jiki. Matakan da ke gaba na cutar ba su da irin waɗannan bayyanannun.
Na biyu form
Wannan nau'in hyperinsulinism (extrapancreatic) yana haɓaka tushe daga yanayin waɗannan masu zuwa:
- bayan kamannin ciki;
- neurosis;
- azumi;
- tsananin zawo;
- a bango na saurin lalata abubuwan carbohydrates ta jiki (yawan zafin jiki, sanyi, lodi mai yawa);
- galactosemia;
- cutar hanta
- cututtukan cututtukan da suka shafi haihuwar jini;
- ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ciki da ciki;
- cutuka masu rauni.
Canjin ciki
Halin da ake ciki bayan kamawar ciki yana tare da dan uwan dan lokaci na hanji. Abinci yana shiga ƙananan hanjin cikin sauri. A nan, yawan adadin carbohydrates yana faruwa, wanda ke haifar da isasshen amsa daga inginan isar. Shi, bi da bi, yana ba da amsa tare da sakin babban adadin abubuwan da ke aiki da kwayoyin.
Ana cire wani ɓangare na ciki shine ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyar hyperinsulinism
Neurosis
A ƙarshen asalin yanayin farin ciki na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, ƙwayoyin tsofaffin ƙwayoyin cuta suna motsawa. Wannan tsari yana faruwa ne saboda haushi da ƙwayar farjin. Arfafawa yana amsa tare da karuwa a cikin matakan hormone.
Lalacewar hanta
Hanyar bayyanar matakin ƙara yawan insulin a cikin jini tare da hepatitis, cirrhosis, da kuma ciwon daji na hanta ya dace da haɓakar hyperinsulinism tare da raguwar haɓakar glucagon. Kuma idan kayi la'akari da cewa hanta bazai adana glycogen ba a cikin adadi mai yawa, adadin insulin ya dau tsawon lokaci.
Kunkuru
Neoplasms na retroperitoneal ko sararin sararin ciki, hanta, glandar ciki, da kodan na iya shiga cikin ayyukan. An bayyana ma'anar Hyperinsulinism ta hanyar cewa ƙwayoyin tumor suna ɗaukar adadin glucose mai yawa daga jininsu don ayyukan metabolic na mutum.
Ilimin aikin likita na rayuwa
Yaron na iya nuna alamun hypoglycemia saboda cututtukan mahaifa na ciki, misali, rashin haƙuri na leucine. Wannan abu abu ne mai amino acid wanda, lokacin da aka saka shi, yana haifar da ƙara kuzari na kayan aiki.
Alamar cutar insulin
An bayyana matakin haɓaka wani abu mai aiki da kwayoyin halitta kamar haka:
- akwai wani buri na yau da kullun, duk da karɓar adadin kayan da ake buƙata a jiki;
- rauni da gajiya;
- karuwar gumi;
- bayyanar gazawar numfashi, ba tare da la’akari da matakin motsa jiki ba;
- ciwon tsoka
- maƙogwaron mara zuciya;
- itching da fata.
Sakamakon maganin hyperinsulinism
Tsawan yanayin yanayin ƙara yawan matakan hormone yana haifar da mummunan sakamako, wani lokacin ba za'a iya juyawa ba, sakamakon.
- Haɓaka kiba da atherosclerosis. Wannan na faruwa ne sakamakon martabar insulin na samar da lipase, enzyme mai alhakin rushewar kitse. Kayan aiki guda ɗaya ne halayyar ci gaban atherosclerosis, tsokar mai da sinadarin cholesterol a cikin jini, wacce aka sanya su ta hanyar filaye a jikin bangon jijiya.
- Matsaloli tare da fata da abubuwansa. Insulin yana haɓaka haɓakar mai mai, wanda ya haifar da ƙara yawan triglycerides da glandar sebaceous. Fatar ta zama mai matsala, tana iya haifar da ƙoshin kuraje, kuraje, sheki mai mai.
- Bayyanar hauhawar jini. Babban matakan hormone yana haifar da hyperactivation na tsarin juyayi mai juyayi. Anaruwar hauhawar jini yana faruwa ne sakamakon haɓaka tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
- Fitowar ciwan ciwan. An dauki insulin a matsayin ƙwayar haɓaka na ƙwayoyin sel.
Yawan hauhawar nauyi yana daya daga cikin sakamakon yawan insulin cikin jini
Dokoki don gyara insulin
Don rage matakan hormone, kuna buƙatar iyakance adadin adadin abinci a rana. Yana da mahimmanci don shirya ranar azumi a kowace kwanaki 7-10. Jiki yana fara amfani da tara mai don ya iya samun adadin kuzari, kuma matakin hodar da ake samu a wannan lokacin.
Tare da glycemic index na samfurin, wanda mutane masu ciwon sukari suka sani, da waɗanda ke cin abinci daidai, akwai abinda ake kira insulin index. Wannan manuniya yana ƙayyade yawan sinadarin hormonal da yake buƙatar dawo da matakin sukari na jini zuwa al'ada bayan cinye wani samfurin. Lallai ne a yi la’akari da adadin maki AI kafin a tattara abincin mutum.
Wajibi ne a aiwatar da gyaran abinci: a iyakance adadin carbohydrates din don kar a sami karin motsa jiki, kuma a sanya abinci mai wadatar fiber.
Yarda da tukwicin zai ba ka damar sarrafa matakin insulin a cikin jini. Koyaya, bai kamata ku yi watsi da shawarar likitancin endocrinologist ba. Arin ƙarin jiyya na iya zama dole, wanda ƙwararren kwararrun likitan ƙwararru ne suka tsara shi.
