Kalmar "ciwon sukari", mutane da yawa sun fahimci keta hakkin glucose, amma wannan ya yi nisa da batun.
Yawancin ma'anonin likitanci sun zo mana daga yaren Girkanci, a cikinsu suna da fa'ida sosai, kuma wani lokacin ma'ana daban mabanbanta.
A wannan yanayin, kalmar ta haɗu da babban rukuni na cututtuka waɗanda ke haɗuwa tare da polyuria (yawan fitowar fitsari sau da yawa). Kamar yadda ka sani, magabatan mu basu da dakin gwaje-gwaje na zamani da hanyoyin bincike na kayan aiki, wanda ke nuna cewa baza su iya bambance yawancin abubuwan da ke haifar da karuwar fitsari ba.
Akwai likitocin da suka ɗanɗani fitsari na haƙuri, kuma ta haka ne suka ƙaddara cewa wasu suna da zaki. A wannan yanayin, cutar an kira shi da ciwon sukari mellitus, wanda a zahiri ake fassara shi da "ciwon sukari mai ɗaci." Karamin rukuni na marasa lafiya suma suna da fitsari da yawa, amma ba shi da alamun fasahar kwayoyin.
A cikin wannan halin, masu warkarwa sun yi birgima sannan suka ce mutumin yana da ciwon sukari insipidus (babu ci). A cikin duniyar yau, hanyoyin etiopathogenetic na cututtuka suna da aminci, an inganta hanyoyin magani. Likitocin sun amince da toshe kwayar cutar insipidus a cikin kwayoyin cutar ta ICD kamar E23.2.
Iri ciwon sukari
A ƙasa, za a gabatar da rarrabuwa na zamani, akan abin da zaku iya ganin yanayin yanayin cututtukan da ke tattare da cutar siga daban-daban. Ana haifar da ciwon insipidus mai yawan ƙishirwa, wanda ke tattare da sakin babban adadin fitsari mara nauyi (har zuwa lita 20 a kowace rana), yayin da matakan glucose na jini ya kasance a cikin iyakokin al'ada.
Ya danganta da ilimin etiology, ya kasu kashi biyu manyan kungiyoyi:
- nephrogenic. Farfesa na asali na asali, rashin aikin nephron don tattara fitsari saboda rashin masu karɓa don maganin antidiuretic;
- neurogenic. Hypothalamus ba ya samar da isasshen adadin vasopressin (hormone antidiuretic, ADH), wanda ke adana ruwa a jiki.
Halin ƙwayar cuta na bayan-tashin-hankali ko posthypoxic na cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta yana dacewa lokacin da, sakamakon lalacewar kwakwalwa da tsarin tsarin hypothalamic-pituitary, bayyanar da rikicewar ruwa-electrolyte.
Nau'in nau'ikan ciwon sukari:
- nau'in 1. lalata autoimmune na sel na endocrine pancreas wanda ke haifar da insulin (hormone wanda ke sauke sukari jini);
- nau'in metabolism mai rauni a cikin yanayin rashin kulawar yawancin kyallen takarda zuwa insulin;
- ciwon sukari. A da, mata masu lafiya suna da matakan glucose da alamomin da ke da alaƙa a lokacin daukar ciki. Bayan haihuwa tayi maganin warkewar kai.
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da ake samunsu a cikin adadin 1: 1,000,000 a yawan jama'a; suna da sha'awa ga cibiyoyin bincike na musamman:
- ciwon sukari da kurma. Cutar cutar ta Mitochondrial, wadda ta danganta da keta hakkin bayyana wasu kwayoyin halittu;
- latent autoimmune. Halakar sel beta na tsibirin na Langerhans a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke bayyana a lokacin balaga;
- lipoatrophic. A kan asalin cutar da ke haifar da cutar, asrophy of fatcutuwaous ke tasowa;
- sabon haihuwa. Hanyar da ke faruwa a cikin yara 'yan watanni 6 na iya zama na ɗan lokaci;
- ciwon suga. Halin da ba duk ka'idojin bincike ba na hukunci na ƙarshe;
- steroid-jawo. Edara yawan matakan glucose na jini a cikin jini yayin jiyya tare da kwayoyin glucocorticoid na iya haifar da haɓakar insulin.
A mafi yawan lokuta, bayyanar cututtuka ba ta da wuya. Ba a gano siffofin marasa galihu na dogon lokaci saboda bambancin hoton asibiti.
Menene insipidus ciwon sukari?
Wannan halin halin da ake ciki ne kasancewar tsananin ƙishirwa da wucewar fitsari a cikin jiki.
A kan asalin asarar ruwa da lantarki, bushewar jiki da rikitarwa na rayuwa (lalacewar kwakwalwa, zuciya).
Marasa lafiya suna fuskantar rashin jin daɗi sosai, kamar yadda suke haɗe da bayan gida. Idan ba a ba da kulawar likita a kan lokaci ba, kusan koyaushe sakamako mai mutuwa yakan faru.
Akwai nau'ikan 4 na insipidus na ciwon sukari:
- tsari na tsakiya. Halin ciki na 'pituitary gland shine yake samar da vasopressin kadan, wanda ke kunna masu karɓar aquaporin a cikin nephrons kuma yana ƙaruwa da sake dawo da ruwa kyauta. Daga cikin abubuwanda ke haifar da lalacewa sune raunin da ya faru ga glandon koda ko raunin kwayoyin halittar ci gaban gland shine yake;
- siffar nephrotic. Kodan bata amsa vasopressin ba. Mafi yawan lokuta cutar dabi'a ce;
- a ciki. Yana da matukar rare, na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa ga uwa da tayin;
- gaurayayyen tsari. Mafi yawan lokuta suna haɗar da fasalin nau'ikan biyu na farko.
Jiyya ta ƙunshi shan isashshen ruwa don hana bushewar ruwa. Sauran hanyoyin warkewa sun dogara da nau'in ciwon sukari. Tsarin tsakiya ko na gestational ana bi da su tare da desmopressin (analog na vasopressin). Tare da nephrogenic, an wajabta thiazide diuretics, wanda a wannan yanayin yana da tasirin sakamako.
Lambar ICD-10
A cikin rarrabuwa na duniya na cututtuka, insipidus na sukari yana cikin ƙwayoyin cuta na tsarin endocrine (E00-E99) kuma an bayyana shi ta lambar E23.2.
Bidiyo masu alaƙa
Game da abin da nau'in ciwon sukari wanda ba shi da ciwon sukari a cikin telecast "Live Healthy!" tare da Elena Malysheva:
Yawan sababbin cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar insipidus shine 3: 100,000 kowace shekara. Tsarin tsakiya yana bunkasa ne tsakanin shekaru 10 zuwa 20 na rayuwa, maza da mata sukan sha wahala sau da yawa. Sifin koda ba shi da tsayayyen shekaru. Don haka, matsalar ta dace kuma tana buƙatar ƙarin bincike.
