Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce ta endocrine wacce ba za a iya kawar da ita har abada ba. Hadarin cutar ya ta'allaka ne akan cewa ba ya yalwata koda jikin yara. Akwai dalilai da yawa waɗanda kawai ke taimakawa ga wannan, alal misali, halayen rigakafi da rashin gado. Jinsi na yaro da tserensa ba su taka rawa ba.
Koyaya, a cikin lokacinmu, tare da isasshen magani da kuma kula da matakan tsufa, yana yiwuwa a rama don cutar, yaro yana da babban damar jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa ta yau da kullun, baya bambanta da abokan aikin sa.
Iyaye na mai ciwon sukari ya kamata su ɗauki horo na musamman inda ake koya musu su kasance cikin shiri don yanayi daban-daban waɗanda zasu iya faruwa a rayuwa. Suna buƙatar sanin yadda ake yin gwajin glucose na jini akan nasu kuma allurar insulin.
Sanadin ciwon sukari a cikin yara
Ciwon sukari a cikin yara ana haifar dashi ta hanyar rikice-rikice na rayuwa daban-daban, amma tsarin su shine kusan iri ɗaya: tsibirin Langerhans, waɗanda ke da alhakin samar da insulin da suka wajaba don kula da daidaituwar glucose, suka mutu akan lokaci kuma suka daina aiwatar da ayyukansu.
A wasu halaye, ciwon sukari mellitus yana faruwa bayan cututtukan cututtukan, tunda rigakafin yarinyar, yana gwagwarmaya da cutar, an tilasta shi kai farmaki sel.
Akwai tabbacin cewa ƙarfafawar cutar sankara a cikin yaro shine:
- kwayoyin halittar jini;
- tsoro, damuwa;
- kiba, kiba.
Bayan haihuwa, jariri ya kamata ya kasance ƙarƙashin kulawar likitan yara, ana nuna nauyi, tsayi tsayi. Idan ya cancanta, an tsara gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun, suna taimaka wa likita don tantance yanayin lafiyar yaro a wurare daban-daban a rayuwarsa. A gaban dalilai masu rikitarwa, ana bincika yaro sau da yawa, wanda ba zai rasa farkon farawar cutar ba. Wani mawuyacin hali na iya zama mellitus na ciwon sukari da ke cikin iyaye ko ɗayansu.
Lokacin da yaro ya wuce kima, yana jagorantar yanayin rayuwa, to ya nuna cewa yana yin gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar endocrinologist don warewa da yiwuwar hauhawar jini. Likita ya ba da shawarar daidaitattun alamomi masu nauyi, kawar da yawan motsa jiki, da kuma gabatar da ayyukan jiki wanda ya dace da shekaru da iyawar yarinyar. Irin waɗannan matakan sauki suna taimakawa wajen kawo metabolism cikin yanayin jituwa, kuma zasu zama rigakafin cutar sankara.
Kuna buƙatar sanin cewa a cikin rayuwar yaro akwai wasu lokuta lokacin da ya sami rauni musamman. Yawancin lokaci, ana gano alamun cutar sankara yayin shekaru 4-6, shekaru 12-15.
Wato, yaro ɗan shekara 3 ba shi da saukin kamuwa da cutar fiye da shekara 5.
Bayyanar farko na cutar sankarau a cikin yara
Lokacin da binciken ya nuna maki mafi girma, akwai karuwar haɗarin cewa yaro ya kamu da ciwon sukari. Idan akwai abubuwan haɗari, ana bayar da jini don sukari akalla sau ɗaya a cikin rabin shekara, amma mafi sau da yawa.
Tun ma kafin a yi gwajin jini, iyaye za su iya ɗauka cewa yaron yana da ciwon sukari saboda alamun halayen. Cutar a farkon farawa kanta kamar yadda gajiya azumi na yau da kullun, ƙishirwa mai wuce kima, bushewa daga fata, mucous membranes. Nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari mellitus yana haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin nauyin jiki, ƙarancin gani.
Kowane alamomin suna da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa tare da hyperglycemia, tasoshin jini da gabobin ciki suna da farko shafawa, yana da wahala jiki ya iya mu'amala da bayyanar abubuwan maye. Idan ɗaya ko uku ko fiye da bayyanar cututtuka nan da nan suka ji kansu, ana nuna don neman shawarar likitan yara, likita na gida ko endocrinologist.
Don yin bincike, kuna buƙatar yin gwajin sukari na jini:
- sau da yawa ana yin samfuran jini a kan komai a ciki, sakamakon ya zama kusan 4.6 mmol / l;
- bayan cin abinci, wannan lambar tana ƙaruwa da maki 8-10.
Tsarin cuta
Yawancin lokaci ana yin gwajin cutar a yara da manya a digiri. A digiri na farko, glycemia bai wuce 8 mmol / l ba, ba ya canzawa yayin rana, glucosuria ya kusan 20 g / l, magani ba lallai ba ne, wani lokacin abincin da ya dace ya isa.
Digiri na biyu yana da matakin glycemia har zuwa 14 mmol / l da safe, kuma glucosuria bai wuce 40 g / l ba, mai haƙuri yana haɓaka ketosis, an nuna shi injections na insulin, kwayoyi don ciwon sukari.
Tare da digiri na uku, matakin sukari ya tashi zuwa 14 mmol / l kuma mafi girma, a lokacin day wannan alamar yana sauka. Glucosuria - aƙalla 50 g / l, ketosis ya faru, an nuna shi allurar insulin a kai a kai.
Ciwon sukari yana da manyan nau'ikan 2, da kuma nau'ikan iri iri, ana kamanta su da pathogenesis da etiology. Don haka, cutar ta bambanta:
- Nau'i 1 (ciwon suga da ya dogara da insulin). Tare da shi, karancin insulin na iya zama cikakke, ana haifar dashi ta hanyar lalata ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, yana buƙatar maye gurbin insulin akai-akai;
- Nau'ikan 2 (wanda ba shi da insulin mai zaman kansa). A wannan yanayin, ana samar da kwayoyin halittar, amma kashin jikin mutum ya rasa hankalinsa, ba sa shan insulin. Akwai buƙatar ɗaukar magunguna don rage matakan glucose.
Yadda za a warke?
A cikin 98% na lokuta, yara kan haifar da nau'in ciwon sukari da ke dogara da sukari, a wannan lokacin ba za a iya warkewa har abada ba.
Kwayoyin cutar ta Pancreatic a wannan yanayin basu sami damar asarar adadin insulin na hormone ba, don haka ya zama dole a sake shi.
Ya kamata mai haƙuri ya karɓi insulin tare da injections na yau da kullun.
Mafi mahimmancin maganin shine kulawa da sukari na jini idan ma'auni na dindindin:
- zaku iya kiyaye matakin glycemia a matakin karɓa;
- don haka rage haɗarin rikitarwa.
Iyaye su kasance cikin shiri don farawa da mummunan yanayi wanda ke faruwa da tushen ciwon sukari. Abunda yafi firgita su shine rashin wadatar jini, yana faruwa ne ta fuskar sauke farali mai saurin jini. Yaro na iya fadawa cikin wannan halin a kowane lokaci. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a yi la’akari da tsarin abincin da ya keɓance bambance-bambance a cikin tattarawar sukari. Idan yaro yana motsawa sosai, dole ne ya ɗauki ciye-ciye tsakanin abinci.
Wani muhimmin batun shine cikakken isasshen abincin. Likita ya zaɓi kashi na hormone, daga abin da abincin da yaro yakan saba ci, abinci yana da ƙimar kuzari daban-daban. Dalili don auna samfuran samfuran sukari shine sashin gurasa (XE). Likita wanda zai lura da yaro zai samarwa da iyaye kayan da zai bayyana raka'a gurasar da samfurin ya kunsa, misali:
- 3 XE - wannan shine 6 tablespoons na oatmeal;
- 9 XE - wannan shine 9 tablespoons na hatsi (a bushe bushe).
Hyperglycemia yana haifar da barazana ga rayuwar ɗan adam, tare da shi, bayan maye shekara rabin maye, yanayin bangon jijiyoyin jini, gabobin ciki masu mahimmanci.
Lokacin da hyperglycemia ke faruwa akai-akai, yana da muhimmanci a sake duba yadda ake samar da insulin, wanda hakan na iya zama dalilin da yasa ba za'a warke da cutar siga ba.
Abin da kuma ya kamata la'akari
Toari ga ci gaba da daidaitaccen tsarin rayuwa, wanda ya danganta da abinci na musamman, aikin motsa jiki, da ilimin insulin, yana da muhimmanci a riƙa yin gwaje-gwaje na lokaci ta hanyar likitoci da ɗaukar gwaje-gwaje. Idan kun yi watsi da wannan shawarar, ciwon sukari yana shafar gabobin ciki da tsarin: jijiyoyin jini, fata, zuciya, hanta, idanu.
Likitoci suna ba da shawara don kula da tsabta, don kula da fata, musamman yanayin ƙafafun yaro. Tare da cin zarafin metabolism na carbohydrate, raunuka sau da yawa suna tasowa waɗanda ba su warkar da dogon lokaci ba, suna buƙatar likita ta duba shi. Akalla sau biyu a shekara, ana nuna neman shawara:
- likitan zuciya;
- likitan fata;
- likitan mahaifa.
Ga tambayar ko za a iya warkar da ciwon sukari a cikin yaro, babu cikakken amsar. Ana iya samun sakamako mai kyau idan aka fara jiyya na nau'in cuta ta 2 a daidai farko. A cikin wasu halaye, yana yiwuwa a kayar da cututtukan wannan nau'in kuma a cikin mafi girman siffofin.
Lokacin da yaro ya kamu da ciwon sukari na 1, ana nuna shi lokacin rayuwa, yana kaɗai hanyar rayuwa. Abubuwan da aka manta da cutar suna buƙatar yin amfani da matakan tsattsauran ra'ayi.
Shin za a iya warke cutar sankara ta hanyar hanyoyin mutane? Haka ne, amma batun yarda da likitan ku ne. Koyaya, lokacin da yaro yana da tsari mai dogaro da insulin, magungunan ciwon sukari ba makawa bane.
Tasirin matakan da aka ɗauka ya dogara da abubuwan da yawa:
- nau'in ciwon sukari;
- shekarun yaro (jinsi ba shi da mahimmanci);
- horo a cikin aiwatar da shawarwari;
- Mataki a inda aka gano cutar.
Lokacin da yaro yana da yanayin gado game da ciwon sukari kuma iyaye suna fama da hyperglycemia, an nuna shi ta hanyar auna glucose jini a cikin tsari tare da glucometer kuma yayi gwajin rigakafin. Wadannan matakan suna taimakawa wajen tsayar da ilimin cuta a farkon farkon ci gabanta, kuma magani zaiyi tasiri.
Sabili da haka, yana da wuya a amsa tambayar ko za a iya warkewar cutar sankara, ko wani magani zai taimaka, ya zama dole a yi la’akari da takamaiman shari’ar.
Yadda za'a hana rikicewa
Akwai wata dama ta hana ci gaban nau'in cutar ta sakaci, idan muka ware daga abincin abincin yaran da ke cutar da masu cutar sukari da ke haɓaka matakan sukari:
- nama mai kitse, kifi;
- burodi, kayan alade, kayan lemo, taliya;
- 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, dankali, legumes;
- man shanu, man alade.
Lokacin da iyaye suka san sha'awar yaro na ƙara yawan sukari, ya kamata su sa ido a kan abincinsu.
Tare da ƙididdigar glucose na jini na 14 mmol / l, ana buƙatar ba ɗan yaron ya ci a ƙaramin rabo, abincin farko dole ne ya daidaita. Yayi kyau a kan lafiyar yaron da aka nuna a cikin wasanni, har ma da ƙarfin rabin. A cikin abin da ya faru da cewa matakin glycemia ya yi yawa sosai, an haramta motsa jiki, yana iya haifar da lahani.
A cewar kididdigar, kusan 6% na mutane a duniya suna rayuwa tare da ciwon sukari, kuma, rashin alheri, akwai yara da yawa a cikin marasa lafiya. Sabili da haka, ko an kula da ciwon sukari, tambayar ta fi dacewa da mutane da yawa.
A yau, rigakafin ciwon sukari a cikin yara na kowane zamani an haɓaka shi. Ofaya daga cikin jagororin aikinta shine kayan aikin da ke taimakawa ci gaba da ƙwayoyin beta idan cutar ta fara bulla. Don aiwatar da wannan ra'ayin, ya zama dole don kare cututtukan fata daga harin na rigakafi.
A cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin, Dr. Komarovsky zai gaya muku duk game da ciwon sukari na yara.
